Fouty Test 1 - Lecture 3

Front 1

Sources of Variance

Back 1

- Organismic factors
- Environmental factors
- Experimental factors

Front 2

Primary Variance

Back 2

Observed consistent variation related to the independent variable. We want primary variance. What we mainly conduct study for.

Front 3

Secondary Variance:

Back 3

Unexpected variance. Unwanted variance. Does the unwanted variable change the dependent variable in some way.

Front 4

Considerations when reviewing threats to validity

Back 4

1) Not concretely fixed
2) Cannot rule out every threat to validity
3) Threats are possibly present**
4) Often trade-offs to be made
5) Modify to reduce threats to validity

Hint 4

3) ****most impt issue is that the threat is going to effect the conclusions that you make*****

Front 5

Internal validity

Back 5

degree to which you are successful in eliminating confounding variables in a study. We want to eliminate possible rival hypothesis. Control.

Front 6

Threats to internal Validity:

Back 6

1) Ambiguous Temporal Precedence
2) Selection
3) History
4) Maturation
5) Regression
6) Attrition
7) Testing
8) Instrumentation
9) Diffusion or imitation of treatment
10) Special treatment of reaction of controls
11) Additive and interactive effects of threats to internal validity

Front 7

External Validity

Back 7

The generalizability of the results. To what units can our results generalize to. We want external validity. Want our conclusions to be robust in that they can generalize to a number of things. We want to generalize to general population (what we want to do in clinical).

Front 8

Threats to external Validity:

Back 8

1) Interaction of causal relationships with units
2) Interaction of the causal relationship over treatment variations
3) Interaction of causal relationship with outcomes
4) Interaction of the causal relationship with settings
5) Context-dependent mediation