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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the four sequela following ingestion of a foreign body?
1. no problem
2. mild clinical dz- low grade peritonitis
3. localized peritonitis
4. puncture, abcess (hepatic, around the vagal nerve), trama to vagal nerve,
What is transfernation?
get supernatant form teh ruminal contents of a healthly cow and place it inot a cow that has poor microflora to replace healthy microbes
What borders the paralumbar fossa?
dorsally- transversus process
cranial- 13th rib
caudal- tuber coxae
What are some agents that can break up frothy bloat?
mineral oil and therabloat
In cases of pericarditis, what treatment option is preformed on valuable animals?
chestwall resections
What are clinical signs seen with acute TRP?
sharp decrease in milk production, off feeding, standing with arched back, stand abducted, no rumination, positive responce to grunt test (pain)
What side is the kidney palpable?
the left kidney is more caudal than the right
How can TRP be prevented?
administer magnets, build elevated platform- pulls pressure off the reticulum b/c abdominal viscera is up
What clinical pathology can be seen in animals with TRP?
neutrophilia with a left shift, increase in total protein, hyperfibrinogenemia
What is done to adhesions once they are found between the liver and rumen?
nothing b/c you run the chance of rupturing the wall on the rumen
What antibiotic drug is not recommended for the use in cows in the milk production?
tetracycline- 30 days before the cow can get back into the line
What are the two types of roughage?
haylage and silage
What are is type I vagal indigestion?
failure of eructation/free gas bloat
What is type II vagal indigestion?
failure of omasal transport
What is type III vagal indigestion?
abomasal impaction
What is type IV vagal indigestion?
incomplete pyloric stenosis
What are three main causes of disorders of the rumen and forestomach?
inflammatory, dietary, and mechanical
What is the cause of vagal indigestion
damaged or inflammed vagal nerve on or around the abdomen, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, and thoracic cavity
What are four ways to medically manage Type II vagal indigestion?
laxatives (rumenotorics), Ca supplementation, better quality feed, decrease exercise
What tx is proposed for pregnant animals with Type II V.I.?
induce pregnancy @ eight months
Where is the rumen?
occupies most of the left side extends from the 7th/8th rib to the pelvis
Where is the reticulum?
lies against the diaphragm on the left opposite the sixth to eighth ribs
Where is the omasum?
right of the midline; ventral aspect of ribs seven to eleven
Where is abomasum?
right of the midline,extends from the xiphoid area to the 9th/10th intercostal space
What is the innervation of the rumen?
the dorsal vagal trunk
What innervates the reticulum?
caudal aspect is innervated by the dorsal vagal trunk, majority innervated by the ventral
What innervates the abomasum?
the viscera is innervated by the dorsal vagal trunk and the rest is by the ventral.
What does the ventral vagal trunk innervate?
reticulum, parital reticulo-omasal jxn, omasum, and abomasum
What does the dorsal vagal trunk innervate?
rumen, caudal aspect of the reticulum, viscera of the abomasum, omasum
What is the sympathetic innervation of the GI in bovine?
splanchnic nerve
What is the major site of microbial fermentation?
rumen
Where does most of digestion take place in the bovine GI?
in the abomasum and the proximal duodenum
Where are the common sites of "choke" in the bovine?
1. thoracic inlet
2. base of the heart
3. pharngo-esophageal jxn
4. cranial to the base of the heat
What differentials should be considered when dealing with "choke"?
rabies, tetanus, botulism, plant toxicity (milkweed, sneezeweed, larkspur), trama, BVD, stomatitis, MCF, abscess, wooden toungue (actinomyces), lymphosarcoma, aspiration pneumonia
What post surgical complications may occur after the treatment of choke?
dehiscence, laryngeal hemiplagia, surgical complications: development of strictures, and diverticulum