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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the four sequela following ingestion of a foreign body?
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1. no problem
2. mild clinical dz- low grade peritonitis 3. localized peritonitis 4. puncture, abcess (hepatic, around the vagal nerve), trama to vagal nerve, |
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What is transfernation?
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get supernatant form teh ruminal contents of a healthly cow and place it inot a cow that has poor microflora to replace healthy microbes
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What borders the paralumbar fossa?
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dorsally- transversus process
cranial- 13th rib caudal- tuber coxae |
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What are some agents that can break up frothy bloat?
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mineral oil and therabloat
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In cases of pericarditis, what treatment option is preformed on valuable animals?
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chestwall resections
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What are clinical signs seen with acute TRP?
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sharp decrease in milk production, off feeding, standing with arched back, stand abducted, no rumination, positive responce to grunt test (pain)
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What side is the kidney palpable?
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the left kidney is more caudal than the right
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How can TRP be prevented?
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administer magnets, build elevated platform- pulls pressure off the reticulum b/c abdominal viscera is up
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What clinical pathology can be seen in animals with TRP?
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neutrophilia with a left shift, increase in total protein, hyperfibrinogenemia
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What is done to adhesions once they are found between the liver and rumen?
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nothing b/c you run the chance of rupturing the wall on the rumen
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What antibiotic drug is not recommended for the use in cows in the milk production?
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tetracycline- 30 days before the cow can get back into the line
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What are the two types of roughage?
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haylage and silage
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What are is type I vagal indigestion?
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failure of eructation/free gas bloat
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What is type II vagal indigestion?
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failure of omasal transport
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What is type III vagal indigestion?
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abomasal impaction
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What is type IV vagal indigestion?
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incomplete pyloric stenosis
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What are three main causes of disorders of the rumen and forestomach?
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inflammatory, dietary, and mechanical
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What is the cause of vagal indigestion
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damaged or inflammed vagal nerve on or around the abdomen, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, and thoracic cavity
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What are four ways to medically manage Type II vagal indigestion?
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laxatives (rumenotorics), Ca supplementation, better quality feed, decrease exercise
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What tx is proposed for pregnant animals with Type II V.I.?
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induce pregnancy @ eight months
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Where is the rumen?
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occupies most of the left side extends from the 7th/8th rib to the pelvis
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Where is the reticulum?
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lies against the diaphragm on the left opposite the sixth to eighth ribs
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Where is the omasum?
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right of the midline; ventral aspect of ribs seven to eleven
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Where is abomasum?
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right of the midline,extends from the xiphoid area to the 9th/10th intercostal space
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What is the innervation of the rumen?
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the dorsal vagal trunk
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What innervates the reticulum?
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caudal aspect is innervated by the dorsal vagal trunk, majority innervated by the ventral
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What innervates the abomasum?
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the viscera is innervated by the dorsal vagal trunk and the rest is by the ventral.
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What does the ventral vagal trunk innervate?
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reticulum, parital reticulo-omasal jxn, omasum, and abomasum
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What does the dorsal vagal trunk innervate?
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rumen, caudal aspect of the reticulum, viscera of the abomasum, omasum
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What is the sympathetic innervation of the GI in bovine?
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splanchnic nerve
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What is the major site of microbial fermentation?
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rumen
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Where does most of digestion take place in the bovine GI?
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in the abomasum and the proximal duodenum
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Where are the common sites of "choke" in the bovine?
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1. thoracic inlet
2. base of the heart 3. pharngo-esophageal jxn 4. cranial to the base of the heat |
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What differentials should be considered when dealing with "choke"?
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rabies, tetanus, botulism, plant toxicity (milkweed, sneezeweed, larkspur), trama, BVD, stomatitis, MCF, abscess, wooden toungue (actinomyces), lymphosarcoma, aspiration pneumonia
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What post surgical complications may occur after the treatment of choke?
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dehiscence, laryngeal hemiplagia, surgical complications: development of strictures, and diverticulum
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