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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ARTERY IS
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BLOOD VESSEL WHICH CARRIES OXYGENATED BLOOD AWAY FROM THE HEART TO OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY - EXCEPTION: PULMONARY ARTERY CARRIES DEOXYGENATED BLOOD FROM HEART TO LUNGS
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OXIDATION
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COMBINATION OF OXYGEN WITH OTHER SUBSTANCE TO PRODUCE NEW COMPOUND EXAMPLE IRON PLUS OXYGEN = RUST [FERROUS OXIDE]
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EXCRETION
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ELIMINATION OF WASTE SUBSTANCES FROM BODY THROUGH PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES - USUALLY THROUGH SWEAT, FECES, URINE, BREATH
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ALCOHOL EXCRETION
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ELIMINATION OF ALCOHOL FROM BODY UNCHANGED AS ALCOHOL - MOSTLY IN BREATH AND URINE
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VEIN
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BLOOD VESSEL THAT TRANSPORTS DEOXYGENATED BLOOD FROM BODY TOWARD THE HEART - EXCEPTION: PULMONARY VEIN TRANSPORTS OXYGENATED BLOOD FROM HEART TO LUNGS
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CAPILLARIES ARE
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TINY BLOOD VESSELS FROM WHOSE THIN WALLS EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS BETWEEN BLOOD AND TISSUES TAKE PLACE - CAPILLARIES ARE THE CIRCULATORY BRIDGE BETWEEN ARTERIES AND VEINS. BLOOD CONTAINING OXYGEN AND OTHER NUTRIENTS IS CARRIED AWAY FROM THE HEART IN ARTERIES WHICH SPLIT INTO CAPILLARY BEDS WHERE EXCHANGE OF SUBSTANCES WITH BODY CELLS TAKES PLACE. WASTE MATERIAL + CO2 ENTER THE CAPILLARIES AND ARE FED INTO THE VENOUS SYSTEM BACK TOWARD THE HEART AND LUNGS
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ALCOHOL ABSORPTION
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PASSAGE OF ALCOHOL ACROSS THE WALLS OF SMALL INTESTINE AND STOMACH INTO THE BLOODSTREAM
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EATING FOOD WILL SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE ABSORPTION OF ALCOHOL T/F
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FALSE IT DECREASES ABSORPTION
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ALVEOLI ARE
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SMALL SACS IN THE LUNGS THROUGH WHOSE WALLS AIR AND OTHER VAPORS ARE EXCHANGED BETWEEN THE BREATH AND THE BLOOD
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CATALYST
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A SUBSTANCE WHICH ACCELERATES [GO FASTER] A CHEMICAL REACTION BUT IS NOT CHANGED BY THE REACTION. CATALYSTS IN THE BODY ARE CALLED ENZYMES
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ENZYMES MUST BE AT A PARTICULAR TEMPERATURE RANGE AND PH RANGE TO FUNCTION T/F
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TRUE - THE RANGE IS OFTEN VERY NARROW - FOR INSTANCE BRAIN ENZYMES NO LONGER FUNCTION MUCH ABOVE 104 DEGREES AND THE BRAIN IS PERMANENTLY DAMAGED
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FUEL CELL DETECTOR
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A DETECTOR IN WHICH CHEMICAL REACTIONS PRODUCE ELECTRICITY
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MAKING A SUBJECT STAND ON ONE LEG IS OFTEN USED TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT OF INTOXICATION T/F
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TRUE
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NYSTIGMUS OR JERKING OF THE EYE CAN BE USED TO SCREEN FOR DUNKENESS EVEN THOUGH THE SUBJECT IS NOT AWARE HIS EYE IS JERKING T/F
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TRUE
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ANTICOAGULANT
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A SUBSTANCE THAT PREVENTS OR SLOWS CLOTTING OF THE BLOOD - ANTICOAGULANTS LIKE WARFARIN AND COUMADIN ARE EXTENSIVELY USED IN MEDICINE TO PREVENT BLOOD CLOTS AND STROKES - CRIMINALISTS USE AN ANTICOAGULANT IN BLOOD SAMPLE TO KEEP THE SAMPLE FROM CLOTTING IN THE TUBE.
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A PRESERVATIVE USED IN BLOOD COLLECTION IS A
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SUBSTANCE THE STOPS THE GROWTH OF MICROORGANISMS, FUNGI, VIRUSES, BACTERIA IN THE BLOOD SAMPLE
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IN MOST STATES A BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVEL OF _____% IS PRESUMPTIVE EVIDENCE OF IMPAIRMENT OR INTOXICATION
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.08%
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AT A BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVEL OF .15% YOUR CHANCES OF INVOLVEMENT IN AN AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT ARE ______TIMES GREATER COMPARED TO SOBER
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25 TIMES GREATER
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SOBER MEANS
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NOT INTOXICATED
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BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVELS FOR BUS AND TRUCK DRIVERS ARE SET BY THE GOVERNMENT AT _____%
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.04%
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METABOLIZE MEANS
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TO TRANSFORM A CHEMICAL IN THE BODY TO ANOTHER CHEMICAL TO MAKE IT EASIER TO USE OR ELIMINATE IT. MANY SUBSTANCES ARE METABOLIZED IN THE LIVER
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AN ACID MEANS
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A COMPOUND CAPABLE OF DONATING [GIVING OFF] A HYDROGEN ION [A PROTON] TO ANOTHER COMPOUND - ACIDS ON THE pH SCALE ARE THOSE WITH pH LESS THAN 7.
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A BASE IS SOMETIMES REFERED TO AS AN
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ALKALI
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A BASE IS A COMPOUND WHICH ______________
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CAN ACCEPT A HYDROGEN ION [PROTON]
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pH SCALE
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A SCALE [RANGE] USED TO EXPRESS ACIDITY OR BASICITY [ALKALINITY] OF A SUBSTANCE. THE SCALE GOES FROM ZERO TO 14, WITH 7 BEING NEUTRAL. pH IS READ FROM PECIAL pH PAPERS SOAKED IN CHEMICALS OR MORE ACCURATELY IN A pH METER. TECHNICALLY pH IS THE NEGATIVE [-] LOGARITHM OF THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION.
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THREE USEFUL SCREENING TESTS FOR DRUGS ARE:
1, 2, 3 |
1. IMMUNOASSAY
2. GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY 3. THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY |
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GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY IS USEFUL IN CONFIRMING PRESENCE OF DRUGS T/F
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TRUE IN COMBINATION WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY
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NAME TWELVE COMPONENTS OF THE DRUG RECOGNITION PROCESS
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1. BREATH ALCOHOL TEST
2.INTERVIEW WITH ARRESTING OFFICER 3. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION WITH SIMPLE TESTS 4. EYE EXAMINATION FOR NYSTAGMUS 5. PHYSICAL ORIENTATION TESTS LIKE WALK AND TURN, ROMBERG BALANCE 6.VITAL SIGNS 7. EYE PUPIL EXAMINATION 8. MUSCLE RUGIDITY 9. INJECTION SITES 10. EXTENSIVE INTERVIEW 11. OPINIONS OF EVALUATOR 12. TOXILOGICAL EXAM |
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___________ IS THE MOST HEAVILY ABUSED DRUG IN NORTH AMERICA
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ALCOHOL
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THE AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL IN THE BLOOD IS NOT NECESSARILY PROPORTIONAL TO THE % IN THE BRAIN
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FALSE
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THE LAST AREA OF THE BRAIN TO BE AFFECTED BT ALCOHOL IS
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THE MEDULLA IN THE LOWER BACK WHICH REGULATES RESPIRATION AND HEART ACTIVITY
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THREE EXAMPLES OF VITAL SIGNS ARE
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PULSE RATE, TEMPERATURE, RESPIRATION RATE, BLOOD PRESSURE
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THE ratio of blood alcohol to alcohol % IN THE ALVEOLI IS ABOUT _____________
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2100 TO 1
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95% TO 98 % OF ALCOHOL IS _________ TO _______ AND _________
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METABOLIZED TO CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER
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ALCOHOL IS ELIMINATED FROM THE BODY THROUGH ______ AND ______
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OXIDATION AND EXCRETION
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IN THE POSTABSORPTIVE STAGE THE BLOOD ALCOHOL INCREASES IN %
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FALSE IT SLOWLY DECREASES
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OXIDATION OF ALCOHOL TAKES PLACE IN WHAT BODY ORGAN
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THE LIVER
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BREATH TESTERS USING ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT ARE COMMONLY USED NOW BY POLICE T/F
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FALSE, THEY USE INFRARED LIGHT
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SOBRIETY MEANS
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SOBER, NOT INTOXICATED, NOT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL
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WHAT MUST BE DONE TO A SUBJECT BEFORE TAKING BLOOD FOR A ALCOHOL BLOOD TEST
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THE INJECTION SITE MUST BE CLEANED WITH A NON-ALCOHOLIC ANTIBACTERIAL LIQUID. USUALLY ALCOHOL IS USED TO CLEAN INJECTIOM SITES BUT FOR ALCOHOL DETERMINATION THEY USE A NON ALCOHOL FLUID
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ARTERIES CARRY OXYGEN FROM THE HEART TO THE BODY T/F
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TRUE WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE PULMONARY ARTERY
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CAPILLARIES ARE WHERE BLOOD EXCHANGE TAKES PLACE T/F
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TRUE THEY ARE VERY TINY VESSELS WITH THIN WALLS CONNECTION ARTERIES AND VEINS
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ALCOHOL CAN PASS FROM THE CAPILLARIES IN THE LUNGS TO THE ALVEOLAR SACS T/F
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TRUE
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ALCOHOL INITIALLY HAS MORE EFFECT ON THOUGHT AND COGNITION THAN ON PHYSICAL PROCESSES
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TRUE - THE FOREBRAIN IS FIRST AFFECTED
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BLOOD REMOVED FOR EXAMINATION MUST BE TREATED WITH :
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AN ANTICOAGULANT AND A PRESERVATIVE
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STERILE MEANS
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NOT CONTAMINATED WITH MICROORGANISMS LIKE VIRUSES, FUNGI AND BACTERIA
NEEDLES, COLLECTION TUBES MUST BE STERILE. STERILE CAN ALSO MEAN NOT ABLE TO PRODUCE FERTILIZED EMBRYOS. EXAMPLE A MAN WHO DOESN'T PRODUCE SPERM OR WHOSE SPERM IS INSUFFICIENT OR TOO WEAK [IMOTILE] |
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BARBITURATES ARE CLASSIFIED AS _______ DRUGS
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DEPRESANT
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THE GAS _______ COMBINES WITH HEMOGLOBIN TO FORM A TOXIN WHICH PREVENTS OXYGEN FROM REACHING THE CELLS
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CARBON MONOXIDE COMBINES WITH HEMOGLOBIN TO FORM CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN
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SITTING IN A RUNNING CAR IN THE GARAGE IS OFTEN USED FOR SUICIDE BECAUSE
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CARBON MONOXIDE IS A WASTE PROCT IN EXHAUST GAS. IT EASILY COMBINES WITH BLOOD HEMOGOBIN TO FDORM CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN WHICH DEPRIVES THE BRAIN OF OXIGEN. IT IS RELATIVELY PAINLESS, THE INDIVIDUAL FALLING GRADUALLY UNCONSCIOUS. CARBON MONOXIDE IS ALSO PRODUCED BY A GAS STOVE OR OVEN AND NEW YORK CITY LAW REQUIRES CO DETECTORS IN EVERY APARTMENT.
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THE IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUE ___________ IS BASED UPON SPECIFIC DRUG ANTIBODY REACTIONS.
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IMMUNOASSAY
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HEMOGLOBIN IS THE CHIEF CONSTITUENT OF _____________
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RED BLOOD CELLS
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THE RED CELLS ARE RED BECAUSE THE HEMOGLOBIN IS MADE OF _______ WHICH COMBINES WITH __________ TRO FORM A RED COLOR
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IRON
OXYGEN ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF OXIDATION OF IRON IS RUST WHICH IS ALSO RED |
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CIGARETTE SMOKE CONTAINS SIGNIFICANT AMOUNTS OF CARBON MONOXIDE
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TRUE
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ARSENIC, BISMUTH, ANTIMONY, MERCURY, THALLIUM ARE OFTEN POISONOUS ELEMENTS KNOWN AS ___________
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HEAVY METALS
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ASPIRIN IS AN EXAMPLE OF A ACIDIC/BASIC DRUG
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ACIDIC - IT IS ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
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THE LEADING COURT CASE REGARDING THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF COLLECTING A BLOOD SAMPLE WITHOUT CONSENT IS
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SCHMERBER VS CALIFORNIA
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DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE AND PHYSICAL EVIDENCE
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TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE REFERS TO TESTIMONY OR VERBAL OR WRITTEN STATEMENTS MADE BY A DEFENDANT. THESE ARE PROTECTED BY THE 5TH AMENDMENT.
PHYSICAL EVIDENCE ARE MEASUREMENTS, BLOOD SAMPLES, PHOTOGRAPHS, FINGERPRINTS. THEY ARE NOT PROTECTYED UNDER THE 5TH AMENDMENT [SCHMERBER VS calif] and do not require consent |
