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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is forensic science?
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the study and application of science to matters of law.
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what is forensic derived from?
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latin meaning " forum" public place, where in roman times, senators and others debated, performed, and held judicial proceedings.
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what is Criminalistics?
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the scientific examination of physical evidence for legal purposes.
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what is Criminology?
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includes the psychological angle: studying the crime scene for motive, traits, ad behavior that will help to interpret the evidence.
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what is the physical science unit?
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chemistry, physics, geology-examines drugs, soil, glass, paint, blood splatter patterns, etc.
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what is the biology unit?
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body fluids, DNA, blood factors, hair, fibers, and plant life.
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what is the firearms and ballistic unit?
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examine tool marks, weapons, firearms, and bullets.
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what is the document examination unit?
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examines handwriting, typewriting, word processing, and computer applications, paper, and ink.
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how do crime labs work?
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Crime labs can be government-run at the federal, state, or local level, or they can be private consulting businesses.
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what is the toxicology unit?
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drugs, blood analyse, overdose
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what is the engineering unit?
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reconstructing crime scenes.
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what is the FBI?
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Federal Bureau of Investigation (the largest crime lab in the world)
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what is the DEA?
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Drug Enforcement Agency (investigate major illicit drug activity in and outside the US)
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what is the ATF?
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Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (crimes involving alcohol, weapons, explosives, tabocco, and organized crimes)
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what is the USPS?
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United States Postal Service (crimes involving the mail)
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what is the department of Homeland Security?
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maintains the secret service lab
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what is the department of the Treasury?
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has a lab for the IRS specializing in questioning
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who is alphonse Bertillion?
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he developed a system to identify people using particular body measurements in 1879
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who is Edmond Henry?
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he developed the first classification system identification in 1896.
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who is Karl Landsteiner?
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he identified blood groups in 1900
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who is edmond locard?
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he formulated his principl, "Every contact leaves a trace". 1904
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who is Francus Aston?
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he developed the mass spectrometer. 1922
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who is James watson and Fransis Crick?
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they discoverd the DNA double helix. 1959
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whom was AFIS developed by?
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the FBI; fully automated in 1996. 1977
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who is Jeffreys?
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he developed and used the first DNA tests to be applied to a criminal case.
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what is Edmond Locard known to be?
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the "Father of Criminalistics"
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when did Locard build the first forensic lab?
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1910, France
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what is the Locard Exchange Principle?
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whenever two objects come into contact with each other, there is always a transfer of material.
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what is a crime scene team?
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a group of investigators, each trained in a variety of special disaplines.
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name some team members:
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medics, investigators, medical examiner or rep(in nessasary), first police officer on the scene, photographer,
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more specialists:
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pathology, odontologist, entomologist, toxicologist, serontologist
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what is the scientific method? (1 step)
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observe a problem or questioned evidence and collect obj. data.
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2 step?
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cosider a hypothersis or possible solution
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3 step?
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examine, test, and then analyze evidence
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4 step?
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determine the significance of the evidence
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5 step?
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formulate a thoery based on evaluation of the sig. of the evidence.
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