Forensic Psychology Midterm

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forensics

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anything pertaining to the law: civil or criminal

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forensic psychology

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applied knowledge of psychology pertaining to the law

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diplomate

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medical specialist whose competence has been certified by a diploma in a profession

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examples of forensic fields:

forensic anthropology

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study of bones or other human remains

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examples of forensic fields:

forensic data recovery

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email and internet analysis
computer files

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examples of forensic fields:

forensic entomology

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the study of insect knowledge in the investigation of crimes

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five pie pieces of forensic psychology

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police psychology
psychology of crime and delinquency
victimology and victim services
legal psychology
correctional psychology

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police psychology

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train officers how to deal with mentally ill

assist police with profiles of serial offenders

counseling to officers

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psychology of crime and delinquency

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conduct research on development of psychopathy

work with schools to identify troubled and dangerous youth

preschool intervention to prevent violent behavior in adolesence

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victimology and victim services

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evaluate victims or witnesses of crime

train others to work with those ptsd, criminal victimization

assess sexual harassment, auto accidents, discrimination

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legal psychology

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conduct child custody evaluations, visitation, risk assessments

evaluations of a defendants competency to stand trial

consult with attorneys concerning custody decisions

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correctional psychology

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develop stress management program

assess the development of a system for classifying inmates

evaluate effectiveness of existing programs for offenders

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APA recognization

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August 2001

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wickersham commission

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identifying the causes of criminal activity and to make recommendations for appropriate public policy

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fitness for duty evaluation

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conducted to call into question the officers ability to perform expected duties safely

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training to be a police psychologist

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clinical
organizational
educational
research

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4 reasons police departments use psychologists

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selection and training

fit for duty evaluations

special forces training

training police to deal with

mentally ill

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4 levels of us public law enforcement

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federal

state

county

municipal

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municipal level

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officers
civilian employees
ordinary life, public catastrophes

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county

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sheriffs are elected
run jails

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state

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narcotics, theft, forensic labs

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federal

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work for an agency
enforce federal law

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6 levels of force

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police presence

verbal command

firm grip: body hold

infraction of pain: carotid
hold

impact tech: baton, tazer

deadly force: guns

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3 personality tests

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minnesota multiphasic personality inventory revised [mmpi 2]

california psychological inventory [cpi]

neo personality inventory revised [neo pi r]

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4 types of police stress

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organizational stress

task related stress

external stress

personal stress

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excessive force characteristics of police

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personality with lack of empathy, antisocial

officers with involvement in justifiable shootings

early need for strong supervision

dominant patrol style

personal problems such as divorce or loss of status

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2 types of false confessions

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coerced complaint FC:
know theyre innocent, threatened

coerced internalized FC:
confused, psychologically vulnerable, believes after a while

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blue curtain

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" them vs us "

strong code of silence that actually encourages police to cover up the misconduct

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psychological profiling

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interviewing an individual to see if they match an offender profile

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offender profiling

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description of a person most likely to commit an offense

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geographical profiling

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trying to plot the movements of one criminal

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geographical mapping

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taking one area and analyzing the patterns of crime in that area

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static risk factors in profiling

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factors that dont change when profiling behavior: gender, age, ethnic background

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acute dynamic factors

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rapid changing risk factors in profiling behavior

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stable dynamic factors

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slowly changing risk factors in profiling behavior

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dynamic risk factors

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factors that do change when profiling behavior: attitude, values, beliefs

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signature of crime

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distinct unique feature related to the offender, usually consistent

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undoing

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behavioral pattern found at the scene in which the offender trued to undo the crime

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trophy

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meaningful souvenir taken by offender to remember the incident

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staging

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behavioral pattern found at crime scene to display intentional suicide

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racial profiling

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inclusion of racial or ethnic characteristics in determining whether a person is considered likely to commit a particular type of crime or an illegal act

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pretext stop

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a stop in which the officer detains the citizen for a minor crime (i.e. traffic offense) because the officer actually suspects the person of involvement in a major crime

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4 miranda rights

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right to remain silent

anything you say can and will
be used against you

right to an attorney

if you can not afford one, one will be appointed for you

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4 stages of interrogation

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qualifying the suspect

cultivating the suspect

conning the suspect

cooling the suspect

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hit rate of polygraph test

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70-80%

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how to beat polygraph

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countermeasures:

physical, biting tounge, lip, jabbing with pin-inducing pain

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criminal behavior

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intentional behavior that violates criminal code

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status offenses

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only applicable for juvies:

truancy, running away, curfew violations

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resiliency

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ability to bounce back quickly and adaptively from negative emotional experiences

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5 categories of juvie delinquency

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crime against people

crime against property

drugs

crime against social order

status offenses

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moffitt's developmental theory

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here are two types of offenders:

adolescent limited offenders: antisocial behavior is temporary and situational

low level chronic:persistent offenders: antisocial behavior is permanent and stable

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patterson's coercion developmental model

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early starters in antisocial behaviors are at greater risk for more serious criminal offending as they grow older [more focused on parenting]

whining tantrums:
reinforced child
parent gives in
generates to peers, child gets rejected

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bandura in relation to aggression

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people learn aggressive behavior, kids are visually influenced

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poor language contribution to delinquency

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speaking less to kids

kids teach themselves, increases stress and frustration and aggression

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self regulation skills contribution to delinquency

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unable to control behavior and emotions

related to substance abuse, and concern for other people

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ADHD characteristics

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inattentiveness

hyperactivity

erratic

disorganized

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conduct disorder characteristics

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aggression to people or animals

destruction of property, theft

deceitfulness or theft

sever rule violation

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oppositional defiant disorder characteristics

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mainly annoying, and defiant towards adults

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3 crime theory conditions

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someone must moniter child behavior

someone must recognize deviant behavior when it occurs

someone must punish that behavior

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antisocial personality disorder vs psychopathy

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one is diagnosable behavior [apd], one is surrounding psychology and cognition

psychopathy no known treatment

psychopath more brutal

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features of psychopathy

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selfish

lack of empathy

failure to learn from mistakes

superficially charming

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4 types of threats

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direct threat

indirect threat

veiled threat

conditional threat

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3 steps of fire setters

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fire interest

fire experimentation

fire setting

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aggression

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behavior with the intention to harm another individual or group of individuals physically or psychologically

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violence

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physical force with the intention of injuring, abusing, or destroying

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1st degree murder

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premeditated, deliberate killing

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2nd degree murder

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murder with intent, but without premeditation

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involuntary manslaughter

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killing of another human being, no guard, no design

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voluntary manslaughter

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crime of passion

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manslaughter

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killing of human without malice or afterthought

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negligent homicide

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neglect is the cause of death

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serial murder

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individual kills at least 3 people over a period of time, cooling off period

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spree murder

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killing of 3 or more without cool off, two or more locations

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mass murder

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killing of 3 or more at a single location:

family, classic

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hate crime

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killing committed due to motivation by hate for a race, gender, religion

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intimate homicide

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murder of a spouse or domestic partner

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4 types of violent crime

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murder

forcible rape

robbery (not burglary)

aggravated assault

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2 main types of violence

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instrumental- to get something

reactive- hostile reaction to threat

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4 causes of violent behavior

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biological- brain damage

cognitive- how person thinks

situational-due to enviornment

socialization- learned

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4 types of multiple murders

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serial

spree

mass murder- classic

mass murder- family

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4 types of mass murder

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family annihilators

pseudo commanders

set and run killers

discipline murder

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discipline murder

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kill to gain acceptance from leader

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set and run killers

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use bombing or poison to allow own escape

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pseudo commanders

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bring too many weapons

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family annihilators

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kill entire family

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4 serial killer typologies

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visionary

mission oriented

hedonistic

power control

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serial killer: visionary

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driven by delusions or hallucinations that compel him or her to kill

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serial killer: mission oriented

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there is a particular group of people who are considered undesirable and must be destroyed

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serial killer: hedonistic

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strives for pleasure and thrills, people are objects for enjoyment

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serial killer: power control

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preys on weak, satisfaction from the absolute life or death control over victim

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5 types of stalkers

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intimacy seeking

rejected

incompetent

resentful

predatory

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stalker: intimacy seeking

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socially isolated, lonely, socially inept

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stalker: rejected stalkers

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largest group, predominately ex partners

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stalker: incompetent

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previous stalkers, victims are attractive potential partners but not infatuated with them

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stalker: resentful

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motives are to frighten victim
very paranoid, delusional

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stalker: predatory

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small group, sexually violent
takes pleasure in the sense of power by stalking and sexual assult