Forearm And Hand

Front 1

Pronator Teres

Back 1

Medial Epicondyle---Midshaft of radius

Front 2

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Back 2

Medial Epicondyle---Middle phalanx of digits 2-5

Front 3

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Back 3

Medial Epicondyle---Metacarpals 2 and 3; has its own connective tissue sheath; Flexes and abducts hand

Front 4

Palmaris Longus

Back 4

Medial Epicondyle---Palmar aponeurosis

Front 5

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Back 5

Medial Epicondyle---Pisiform; flexes and adducts hand

Front 6

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Back 6

Anterior surface of ulna and radius---distal phalanx of digits 2-5

Front 7

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Back 7

Anterior surface of ulna and radius---distal phalanx of digit 1 (thumb)

Front 8

Pronator Quadratus

Back 8

Distal end of ulna---distal end of radius

Front 9

Brachioradialis

Back 9

Lateral epicondyle---styloid process of radius

Front 10

Anconeus

Back 10

Lateral epicondyle---proximal end of ulna; Extends forearm; may abduct ulna

Front 11

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Back 11

Lateral epicondyle---distal phalanx of digit 5

Front 12

Extensor Digitorum

Back 12

Lateral epicondyle---middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Front 13

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Back 13

Lateral epicondyle---Metacarpal 3; extends and abducts hand at wrist joint

Front 14

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Back 14

Lateral epicondyle---Metacarpal 2; extends and abducts hand at wrist joint

Front 15

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Back 15

Lateral epicondyle---Metacarpal 5; extends and adducts hand at wrist joint

Front 16

Supinator

Back 16

Lateral epicondyle---posterior surface of radius

Front 17

Abductor pollicis longus

Back 17

Posterior side of ulna and radius---Metacarpal 1; abducts and extends thumb

Front 18

Extensor pollicis longus

Back 18

Posterior side of ulna and radius---distal phalanx of thumb

Front 19

Extensor pollicis brevis

Back 19

Posterior side of ulna and radius---proximal phalanx of thumb

Front 20

Extensor indicis

Back 20

Posterior side of ulna and radius---extensor tendon of digit 2

Front 21

Abductor pollicis brevis

Back 21

Scaphoid,Trapezium---Proximal phalanx of thumb

Front 22

Flexor pollicis brevis

Back 22

Trapezium---Proximal phalanx of thumb

Front 23

Opponens pollicis

Back 23

Trapezium---Metacarpal 1

Front 24

Abductor digiti minimi

Back 24

Pisiform---Proximal phalanx of digit 5

Front 25

Flexor digiti minimi

Back 25

Hamate---Proximal phalanx of digit 5

Front 26

Opponens digiti minimi

Back 26

Hamate---metacarpal 5

Front 27

Lumbricals

Back 27

Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus---tendons of extensor digitorum; Flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints

Front 28

Adductor Pollicis

Back 28

Metacarpals 2 and 3---Proximal phalanx of thumb

Front 29

Palmar interossei (PAD)

Back 29

Metacarpals 2,4,5---Proximal phalanx of digits 2,4,5 and associated tendons of extensor digitorum

Front 30

Dorsal interossei (DAB)

Back 30

Between adjacent sides of metacarpals 1-5---Proximal phalanx of digits 2-4 and associated tendons of extensor digitorum

Front 31

Palmar Metacarpal arteries

Back 31

From deep palmer arch; anastomose with common palmar digital arteries

Front 32

Princeps pollicis artery

Back 32

Supplies thumb

Front 33

Radial indices

Back 33

Supplies index

Front 34

Synovial sheaths

Back 34

Enclose tendons of flexors and extensor muscles to reduce friction on them during movement

Front 35

Prevents bowing of tendons when muscles contract?

Back 35

Flexor retinaculum and Extensor retinaculum

Front 36

Digital fibrous sheaths

Back 36

Fibrous bands superficial to synovial digital tendon sheaths in fingers; prevent bowing of tendons when the muscles contract

Front 37

Radio-Ulnar Joint

Back 37

Supination and Pronation, Anular ligaments

Front 38

Wrist Joint

Back 38

No participation by ulna; Palmar radiocarpal and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments; Radial and ulnar collateral ligaments; Flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, circumduction; carpi muscles involved

Front 39

Metacarpophalangeal Joints

Back 39

Flexion-extension, adduction-abduction; collateral ligaments;

Front 40

Interphalangeal Joints

Back 40

Flexion-extension; collateral ligaments

Front 41

Boundaries of carpal tunnel

Back 41

Flexor retinaculum, carpal bones

Front 42

Signs of carpal tunnel

Back 42

Tingling and numbness of skin in median nerve areas; aches in thenar compartment;

Front 43

Symptoms of carpal tunnel

Back 43

Thenar muscle atrophy

Front 44

Functions of interosseus membrane

Back 44

Divide forearm into anterior and posterior; Provide attachment points; Transfer forces from the radius, to the ulna, to the humerus

Front 45

Contents of Carpal Tunnel

Back 45

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (4)
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (4)
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Median Nerve

Front 46

Claw hand

Back 46

4th and 5th digits
Ulnar nerve damaged
Most prominent at rest
Inability to abduct or adduct 2nd, 3rd, 4th, or 5th digits
Atrophy of first dorsal interosseus muscle

Front 47

Hand of benediction

Back 47

2nd and 3rd digits
Median nerve damaged
Most prominent when trying to make a fist
Difficulty opposing thumb
Atrophy of thenar compartment

Front 48

Wrist drop

Back 48

Cannot extend wrist
Radial nerve damage

Front 49

Ape hand

Back 49

Damage to median nerve
Inability to oppose thumb and limited abduction