Foot

Front 1

Fascia

Back 1

seep fascia of the foot is continuous with the fascai of the ankle, thin dorsally, but thick on sole as the palntar fascai

Front 2

Plantar apo

Back 2

central part of the plantar fascia, especially thick and helps in support of the longitudinal arches, splits into 5 digital bands, plantar fascitis

Front 3

axis of the foot

Back 3

is through the second toe

Front 4

metatarsals

Back 4

1 to 5 but sesamoids are also associated with the 1st metatarsal

Front 5

phalanges

Back 5

toes 2-5 have proximal, middle and distal;

Front 6

Tendons muscles from the anterior compartment of leg

Back 6

have long tendons that cross the dorsum of the foot on the way to their distal attachment. From medial to lateral the tendons are the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum and fibularis.

Front 7

Retinaculum on the dorsum of the foot

Back 7

superior extensor retinaculum extends from the fibula to the tibia over muscles of the anterior compartment

Front 8

INferior extensor retinaculum

Back 8

extends from the calcaneus laterally, bifurcates as a y to attach to the medial malleolus and medial cuneiform over ant compartment tendons

Front 9

Arteries

Back 9

next

Front 10

Anterior Tibial Artery

Back 10

Lies between the tendons of extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis at the ankle. Branches at the ankle into the medial and lateral malleolus

Front 11

Dorsalis Pedis

Back 11

is the cont. of the anterior tibial artery and is palpable lateral to ext. hallucis tendon. Crossed by extensor digitorum brevis tendon and dissapears between the two heads of the 1st dorsal interosseus to contribute to the plantar arterial arch. Other branches include the arcuate and medial and lateral tarsal

Front 12

Posterial tibial

Back 12

the artery of the posterior compartment courses between the soleus and tibialis posterior. divides into medial and lateral plantar.

Front 13

Peroneal Arch.

Back 13

Branches from the posterior tibial artery

Front 14

perforating branch of th peroneal

Back 14

passes through a gap in the lower part of the interosseus membrane and reaches the lateral side of the ankle. IN about 4% of the population substiutes for the dorsalis pedis a.

Front 15

Deep Peroneal nerve.

Back 15

lies lateral to the anterior tibial artery at the ankle. It innervates ext. digitorum brevis and ext hallucis brevis and is cutaneous to the skin between the big toe and 2nd toe

Front 16

Intermittent claudication

Back 16

the region of the extremeity that is affected is usually one level lower than the artery that is occluded.

Front 17

Deep Peroneal nerve.

Back 17

lies lateral to the anterior tibial artery at the ankle. It gets ext. digitorum brevis, ext hallucis brevis and is cutaneous to the skin between big toe and 2nd toe l5.

Front 18

ext. digitroum brevis

Back 18

extends from the calcaneus anteriorly to the dorsal expansion of toes 2-4

Front 19

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Back 19

from the calcaneous, it attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the big toe

Front 20

Layers of the foot

1st-help maintains the palmar arch

Back 20

1st layer abductor hallucis-medial side of proximal phalanx
ABDUCTOr digiti minimi- to lateral side of proximal
Flexor digitorum Brevis- to middle phalanges

Front 21

Second layer

Back 21

flexor hallucis longus tendon-goes to distal phalanx of great toe
flexor digitorumn longus-through a split in FDB to reach distal phalanx of digits 2-5
Quadratus plantae- to lateral FDL
Lumbrical- medial on FDL 2-5

Front 22

Third Layer

Back 22

Adductor Hallucis- two heads: oblique from base of metatarsals 234, tran-from mp lig of 2-4, both heads to lateral proximal phalanx.
Flexor hallucis brevis- medial aspect of cuboid and, medial and lateral cuneiforms to lateral side of proximal phalanx of great toe
Flexor Digiti Minimi brevis-5th metatarsal to proximal phalanx of small toe

Front 23

Fourth Layer

Back 23

Tendon of Tibialis Posterior m. to tarsals and bases of metatarsals
tendon of peroneus longus m. to base of the 1st metatarsals and medial cuneiform
dorsal interrossei and palmar interrossei

Front 24

interrosei of foot

Back 24

have same attachments and actions as the hand ones but axis is second digits. INserted into aponeurosis of extensor digitorum longus. Dorsal interossei are bipenate

Front 25

Plantar interroseus

All inter.

Back 25

lie beneath the metatarsals

are arising from the base of the metatarsal and inserting on the proximal phalanx and the aponeurosis of the extensor digitoum longus

Front 26

medial plantar n.

Back 26

like the median nerve. skin of medial 3.5 digits and nail beds of the same digits. Four muscles, abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, and lst lumbricals

Front 27

lateral plantar

Back 27

like ulnar n of the hand. skin of lateral 1 t/z toes on plantar surface and nail beds of the same digits. Rest of foot muscles.

Front 28

L4

Back 28

supplies the big toe and the medial side of the foot

Front 29

L5

Back 29

supplies the middle toe and

Front 30

S1

Back 30

supplies the little toe and lateral side of the foot.

Front 31

Quadriceps patellar reflex

Back 31

is predominantly a test for the motor function of the l4, big toe extension is the best way to test for motor nerves from L5, and the achilles tendon reflex is a test predominantly for S1.

Front 32

arteries of the foot

Back 32

derived from the posterior tibial arteries, medial and lateral plantar arteries follow the foot.

Front 33

plantar arch

Back 33

from the lateral plantar artery. perforating branches anastomose with dorsal vis perforating

Front 34

Dorsum of the foot

Back 34

next

Front 35

extensor digitorum brevis

Back 35

Dorsal surface of calcaneus to tendon of extesnor digitorum longus

Front 36

extensor hallucis brevis

Back 36

dorsal surface of the calcaneus to the base of the proximal phlanax of the big toe

Front 37

Sole of the foot

Back 37

chicken bus

Front 38

first layer

abductors

Back 38

medial tubercle of calcaneus to the base of the proximal phalanx of the big toe. Medial planater nerve.

Front 39

1st flexor digitorum brevis

Back 39

medial tubercle of the calcaneus to the middle phalanges, like the superficialis , medial planter, flexes middle phalanges of lateral four toes

Front 40

1st abducotor digiti minim

Back 40

medial and lateral tubercles of the clacaneus to the proximal phalanx of the little toe -LATERAL plantar

Front 41

2nd quadrate plante medial and lateral side of the calcaneus

Back 41

to the tendons of flexor digitorum longus. Lateral Plantar. aids in flexing the toes.

Front 42

Lumbricals

Back 42

from the medial side of the flexor digitorum longus to the proximal phalanx of the extensor expansion. First by medial plantar, the rest by the lateral plantar, to flex MP and extend IP

Front 43

Third

Back 43

ef

Front 44

Flexor hallucis brevis

Back 44

cuboid and third to proximal phalanx of the big toe (medial planatar) flexes big toe

Front 45

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Back 45

base of metatarsal 5 to proximal phalanx of little toe. Lateral plantar.

Front 46

4th layer

Back 46

d

Front 47

Plantar interossesus

Back 47

medial sides of the metatarsals 3 to 5 medial side of proximal phalanges - lateral plantar to adduct toes; flex proximal and extend distal phalanx

Front 48

dorsal interossesus

Back 48

adjacent shafts of the metatarsals o proximal phalanges of 2nd 3rd and 4th lateral planater to flex proximal and extend distal phalanges

Front 49

tibialis anterio

Back 49

lateral tibial condyle to the first cuneiform and first metacarpal

Front 50

extensor hallucis longus

Back 50

middle half of anterior surface of fibula and interossesu membrane to base of middle and distal phalanges

Front 51

extensor digitorum longus

Back 51

lateral tibial condyle; upper two thirds of the fibula; interossesu membrane

Front 52

peroneus longus

Back 52

lateral tibial condyle; head and upper lateral side of the fibula to the base of the first metatarsal and medial cunieform

Front 53

peroneus brevis

Back 53

lower lateral side of the fibula to base of the fifth metatarsal

Front 54

popliteus

Back 54

lateral condyle of the femur to upper posterio side of the tibia

Front 55

flexor hallucis longus

Back 55

lower two thirds of the fibula to the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

Front 56

flexor digitorum longus

Back 56

middle posterior aspect of tibia to the distal phalanges of lateral four toes

Front 57

tibialis posterior

Back 57

upper part of tibia and fibula to the tuberosity of the navicular, sustenaculi tali, three cuneiforms cuboid and base of metatarsal 2-4