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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
traditional literature |
-born of the oral tradition -includes folk songs, tales, legends, riddles, rituals of pre-literate societies (could not read or write yet) |
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monogenesis |
-inherited from a single culture ex. the grimm brothers - tales come from Aryans as they took their tales with them each time they went to a different country - 19th century scholars ? |
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polygenesis |
- has multiple origins -reoccurring themes -rituals recounted in dramas and naratives - "Each story was an independent invention growing out of universal needs and desires" - |
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folktales (a type of traditional literature) |
-stories passed on my word of mouth (broken telephone effect often occurred) -often based off of life problems -adventurous/comic/romantic -involves mythical creatures |
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Characteristics of Folktales |
Setting, plot structures, characterizations, style, theme, motifs, |
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Subcategories of folktales |
cumulative or formula tales, pourquoi tales, beast tales, noodlehead tales, trickster tales, wonder tales, realistic tales |
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Setting |
"some far away land" (unspecific location), "once upon a time (a time where anything may happen) |
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Plot Structures |
repetition, the quick passing of time, climax right near the end, conflicting characters either represent good or evil, underdog outsmarting powerful character |
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Characterization |
each character represents a symbol such as wisdom, good, evil etc. and many are used to show societal norms |
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Style |
dialogue, rhymes and verses, proverbs, figurative language and imagery, imitation of the sounds |
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Themes |
culture, traits (hard work, courage, humility, kindness etc., rewards/punishments kings and nobles vs the poor |
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Motif |
"the smallest part of the tale that can exists independently" , elements that stand out and are easily remembered, simple tales have fewer motifs than more complex ones common motifs: supernatural adversaries and helpers, extraordinary animals, magical powers, transformations, magical objects, wishes, and trickery. |
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How do researchers/folklorists use/study motifs? |
Folklorists analyze folktales based on their motifs and patterns and organize each tale by a certain number Researchers use motifs to analyze and identify the similarities in tales from various cultures |
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Types of Tales: Culmative Tales |
structure based on a "formula" accumulation of incidents is central to the plot repetition |
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Types of Tales: Pourquoi Tales |
answers questions (typically about how things are in nature) |
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Types of Tales: Beast Tales |
animals that are the main characters and represent humans (anthropomorphic) ex. The Three Little Pigs |
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Types of Tales: Noodlehead Tales (or numbskull or droll) |
humorous stories about dumb characters has a moral |
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Types of Tales: Trickster Tales |
usually a variety of a beast tale there is a character who outsmarts the other characters |
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Types of Tales: Wonder Tales |
contains enchantment, magical, supernatural elements objects and character often include, magic objects like mirrors, witches, members of a royal family, ex. Snow White, Cinderella |
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Realistic Tales |
likely historical fiction- fictional story based off of real-word event or real person |