Fmf 112 Operations Fundamentals End Portion

Front 1

War

Back 1

Large-scale, sustained combat operations to achieve national objectives or protect national interests.

Front 2

Military Operations other than War focus on what?

Back 2

Deterring war, resolving conflict, promoting peace and supporting civil authorities.

Front 3

MOOTW may involve what elements?

Back 3

Combat and noncombat operations.

Front 4

All military operations are driven by what?

Back 4

Political objectives/considerations.

Front 5

MOOTW are more sensitive than war due to the overriding goals of:

Back 5

Prevent, preempt, or limit potential hostilities.

Front 6

MOOTW have more restrictive what?

Back 6

Rules of engagement

Front 7

Short examples of MOOTW:

Back 7

Deter potential aggressors, protect national interests, support of the UN or other region organizations, satisfy treaty obligations, support civil authorities, provide Humanitarian Assistance (HA).

Front 8

DoD often supports who during MOOTW?

Back 8

Department of State (DoS).

Front 9

Explain Arms Control and give an example:

Back 9

Governs the numbers, types, and performance characteristics of weapons systems.

Example: Seizing WMD's, Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty, Vienna Document 1992.

Front 10

Explain combatting terrorism and give an example:

Back 10

Antiterrorism and counterterrorism.

Example: Chapter II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. War on Terror.

DOS handles matters OCONUS
DOJ handles matters CONUS
DOT handles matters "in flight."

Front 11

Explain Enforcement of sanctions/maritime intercept operations and give example:

Back 11

Interdict the movement of certain types of designated items into or out of a specific area. Serve both military and political purposes.

Example: Operation Support Democracy; coast of Haiti in 1993.

Front 12

Explain Enforcing Exclusion Zones and give example:

Back 12

Prohibits specified activities in a specific geographic area, such as air and sea (no-go zones). Usually imposed by UN.

Example: Operation Souther Watch; Iraq 1992 and Operation Deny Flight; Bosnia 1993.

Front 13

Explain Ensuring Freedom of navigation and overflight and give example:

Back 13

Demonstrate US or international rights to navigate sea or air routes. International law accords the right of "innocent passage." The norms are established by the Civil Aviation Organization.

Example: Berlin air cooridors from 1948-1990, allowing access to West Berlin.
-ATTAIN Document; Libya in 1986 (air-sea) in the Gulf of Sidra.

Front 14

Explain and give example of Humanitarian Assistance:

Back 14

Relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions.

Example: Operations SEA ANGEL I, and SEA ANGEL II; Bangladesh 1991/1992.

Front 15

Explain and give example of Military support to civil authorities.

Back 15

Temporary support to domestic civil authorities when permitted by law. Limited by the Posse Comitatus Act, prohibits federal military forces to enforce or otherwise execute laws unless authorized by the constitution or act of congress.

Example: Disaster relief during Hurricanes Andrew in Florida and Iniki in Hawaii 1992, and deployment during a civil disturbance in California 1992.

Front 16

Explain and give example of Nation assistance/support to counterinsurgency.

Back 16

Civil or military assistance (other than HA) rendered to a nation by the US within that nation's territory during peacetime.

Examples: Foreign Military Sales, Foreign military financing program, International military education and training program, economic support fund.

Front 17

Explain and give example of Non-combatant evacuation operations:

Back 17

Normally relocate threatened noncombatants from a foreign country.

Examples:
-Eastern Exit; Somalia 1991.
-Quick Lift; Zaire 1991.

Front 18

Explain and give examples of Peace Keeping Operations:

Back 18

Military operations to support diplomatic efforts to reach a long-term political settlement and categorized as PO. Designed to monitor and facilitate implementation of an agreement (cease fire, truce, etc).

Examples:
-Multinational Force Observers in Sinai since 1982.

Front 19

Explain and give examples of Peace Enforcing Operations:

Back 19

Application of military force, or threat of force to compel compliance with peacekeeping. Do not require consent of the states involved or of other parties to the conflict.

Examples:
-Operation Power Pack; Dominican Republic 1965
-UNITAF; Somalia 1992-1993

Front 20

Explain and give examples of Preventive diplomacy:

Back 20

Form of preventive deployment:

Example:
Operation Able Sentry; Macedonia 1993 (limit fighting in former republic of Yugoslavia).

Front 21

Explain and give examples of Protection of shipping:

Back 21

Protection of US flag vessels, US citizens and property against violence. May be extended to foreign flag vessels. Includes, coastal sea control, harbor defense, port security, counter mine operations, and environmental defense, in additional to operations at high seas.

Examples:
Operation Earnest Will; Kuwaiti Ships 1987.

Front 22

Explain and give examples of Recovery Operations:

Back 22

Locate, identify, rescue and return personnel or human remains, sensitive equipment, or items critical to national security.

Example: Operation Full Accounting; Vietnam (recover remains of US service members).

Front 23

Explain and give examples of Show of Force Operations:

Back 23

Demonstrate US resolve, increased visibility of US deployed forces.

Example: Operation JTF-Philippines; 1989 in support of President Aquino after attempted coup.

Front 24

Explain and give examples of Strikes and Raids:

Back 24

Offensive operations conducted to inflict damage on, seize, or destroy and objective for political purposes.

Strike Example: Operation Urgent Fury; Grenada 1983
Raid: Operation El Dorado Canyon; Libya 1986. Response to Terrorist bombing in Berlin.

Front 25

MOUT

Back 25

Military Operations in Urbanized Terrain

Front 26

Name some roles the USMC has played in MOUT:

Back 26

Saudi Arabia, Desert Shield/Storm, Somalia, Iraq, Lebanon, Grenada.

Front 27

What percentage of area's outside Warsaw pact are within 25 miles of the coastline?

Back 27

60%

Front 28

What percentage are within 150 miles?

Back 28

75%

Front 29

What percentage are within 300 miles?

Back 29

87%

Front 30

What percentage are within 600 miles of a coastline?

Back 30

95%

Front 31

And what percent are within 800 miles of coastline?

Back 31

All of them.

Front 32

Adaptability come from what?

Back 32

The MAGTF and the MPF's

Front 33

Discuss MOUT in Stalingrad:

Back 33

1943-43; highly successful storm groups of Soviets against Germans. (Greater than 30 days) Casualties (1,630,000+)

Front 34

MOUT in Berlin

Back 34

1945, Bloody Soviet offensive, last battle of WWII in Europe (14-30 days) Casualties (est. in thousands)

Front 35

MOUT in Seoul

Back 35

1950, Inchon landing; centered on seizure of street barricades (6-13 days) Casualties (Marines 2,383 others, est. thousands).

Front 36

MOUT in Quang Tri I and II

Back 36

1972 North Vietnamese capture of Quang Tri, northernmost major city in South Vietnam. ( I 6-13 days) (II 30+days) Casualties (30,000+)

Front 37

MOUT in Beirut II

Back 37

1982 Evict Palestine Liberation Organization, IDF besieged the PLO
(30+days) Casualties (2,300)

Front 38

Civilians/Noncombatants can have what effects on military opreations?

Back 38

Mobility restriction
Firepower restriction
Security breakdown
Obstacle employment

Front 39

Explain mobility restrictions:

Back 39

Noncombatants trying to escape the battle-space can block military movement.

Front 40

Explain Firepower restriction:

Back 40

Limited to small-arms fire and grenades. General rules of the law of land warfare apply.

Front 41

Explain Security breakdown:

Back 41

Noncombatants entering defensive areas, pilferage of equipment, sabotage, terrorism.

Front 42

Explain Obstacle Employment:

Back 42

Limits use of minefields, or booby traps may be curtailed.

Front 43

Operational Maneuver from Sea focuses on what and uses the sea as:

Back 43

-Operational objective.
-Maneuver space

Front 44

OMFTS generates what?

Back 44

Overwhelming temp and momentum and pits strengths against weakness.

Front 45

OMFTS emphasizes what 3 things?

Back 45

Intelligence, deceptions, and flexibility.

Front 46

OMFTS integrates what?

Back 46

Organic, joint, and combined assets.