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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are common receptors for pneumonia attachment?
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1. fibronectin
2. sialic acid 3. IgA |
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What is fibronectin?
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Glycoprotein slime -
- coats epithelial, macrophage and fibroblast cells |
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What is the point of fibronectin?
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- welcoming receptor for endogenous oral flora - Staph and Strep - that when they migrate down to respiratory tract, will be prevented through attachment
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What happens to fibronectin production with illness?
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Lessens - therefore, become more prone to infections which would be prevented via fibronectin
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What is sialic acid?
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- N acetyl neuraminic acid
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Where is sialic acid found?
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- respiratory
- neural - erythrocytes and lymphocytes |
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What does IgA do?
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prevents binding of bacteria
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What do bacteria do to overcome IgA?
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have IgA protease
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What is the most important virulence factor of bacteria?
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Capsule
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How does a capsule assist in pathogenesis?
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1. antiopsonic - resists IgG binding
2. antiphagocytic - resists vascuolization 3. host mimicry - hyaluronic acid, sialic acid = reduced immune response |
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What do respiratory bacterial pathogens have in common?
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- commonly component of normal flora
- spread person-person close contact - primaryly asymptomatic, colonizers - respiratory tropism - resist neutrophil phagocytosis - survive poorly out of host |
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What 7 bacterial pathogens do you need to know?
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1. S. pneumoniae
2. H. influenzae 3. Moraxella catarrhalis 4. Klebsiella pneumoniae 5. Chlamydia pneumoniae 6. Mycoplasma pneumoniae 7. Legionella pneumophila |
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Which pneumonial bacteria are gram positive?
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S. pneumoniae
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Which pneumonial bacteria are gram negative?
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H. influenza
M. catarrhalis K. pneumoniae L pneumophila |
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Which pneumonial bacteria are gram neutral?
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M. pneumoniae
C. pneumoniae |
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Which pneumonial bacteria are have a capsule?
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S.pneumoniae
H. influenza M.catarrhalis K.pneumoniae |
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What is serum resistance and which bacterial (pneumonia causing) are serum resistant?
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Bacteria not killed in 10% solution of serum
Moraxella and Klebseilla |
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Which pneumonia causing bacteria have IgA protease?
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S.pneumoniae
H.influenza M.pneumoniae |
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What produces atypical pneumonia?
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M.pneumonia
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Describe M.pneumoniae
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small bacteria
no cell wall (aka penicillin resistant!) attaches to sialic acid |
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What infections does K.pneumoniae cause?
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pneumonia
UTI line related sepsis |
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Where is Klebsiella found?
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water, environment and enteric bacteria
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Describe Klebsiella
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encapsulated
endotoxin serum resistant Enterobacteriaceae |
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Describe Chlamydia pneumoniae
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obligate intracellular parasite
cell wall strong association with atherosclerotic plaque Resistant to b lactams - requires macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones |
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Describe Legionella
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faintly gram negative rods
blocks phagolysosomal fusion |
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What are two presentations of Legionella pneumophila?
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1. pontiac fever - HCP, fever, cough, fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia, diarrhea
2. Atypical pneumonia - compromised host, resistant to b lactams |
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What are three virulence characteristics of respiratory bacteria?
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1. respiratory tropism - sialic acid residues primarily
2. antiphagocytic capsule or enhanced intraphagocytic survival 3. part of normal flora |
