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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What percentage of fluid makes up the body? |
60% for men 50% for women Roughly 42L for the average adult |
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How much TBF is IC? How much TBF is EC? |
IC fluid is 60% of TBF EC fluid is 40% of TBF |
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What are the components of EC space? Where is most of the fluid? |
EC can be broken down to interstitial space (IS) and intravascular space 75% of ECF is in the IS 25% is in intravascular space |
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What is the EC intravascular space known as? |
it is know as plasma and consists of about 3L; If you count the 2L of fluid in RBCs than total blood volume is ~5L |
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What are crystalloid fluids? |
Fluids that contain water, Na, Cl, and other electrolytes
NS LR |
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DO Na and Cl freely cross into cells? |
NO; they distribute evenly in EC space |
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How do crystalloids distribute in the body? |
Extracellular space 25% remain in intravascular space and 75% distribute in the IS space |
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What is D5W considered? |
free water; D5W is metabolized to water and CO2 |
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In what condition to clinicians avoid D5W, why? |
avoided in pt w/ neurological injury and increased ICP. Since free water can cross any membrane including the BBB water could increase ICP. |
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How does D5W distribute in the body? |
60% to IC space 40% to EC space -25% in intravascular space -75% in IS space |
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What fluids are considered colloids? |
PRBC pooled human plasma (albumin) dextran hetastarch |
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How do colloids disperse in the fluid compartments? |
colloids are too large to pass through capillary membranes; therefore, they remain primarily in the intravascular space |
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What is special about 25% albumin? |
due to the fact its 25% albumin it creates oncotic pressure 5x normal plasma causing fluid to shift from the IS space into intravascular space. |
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What has hetastarch and dextran been associated with? |
coagulopathy and kidney impairement. Hetastarch is also associated w/ increased mortality in critically ill pts |
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How much fluid should be given for maintenance? |
1500 mg for first 20 kg then 20 ml/kg over 20 kg |
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What is a typical maintenance fluid? What about pts who have neurological injuries or brain trauma? |
D5W/0.45% NS w/ 20-40 mEq KCl No D5W for brain injuries |
