Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Chap. 14

Front 1

Water is divided into 2 compartments known as:

Back 1

Extracellular Fluid- 15L
Intracellular Fluid- 25L, also includes interstitial space

Front 2

4 important processes involved with fluid and electrolyte balance

Back 2

filtration, diffusion, osmosis, active transport

Front 3

Filtration

Back 3

movement of fluid through a cell or blood vessel membrane because of hydrostatic pressure
differences of both sides of the membrane.
-limited to solvent
-usually occurs from capillaries
-occurs rapidly with steep gradients

Front 4

Diffusion

Back 4

movement of particles (solute) across a permeable membrane down a concentration gradient (High to Low)
-not pressure dependent
-maintains tissue nutrition
-occurs rapidly with steep gradients
-occurs in both directions

Front 5

Brownian Motion

Back 5

kinetic energy of molecular movement
vibration of single molecules

Front 6

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 6

diffusion that requires the assistance of transport system (i.e. insulin)

Front 7

Osmosis

Back 7

movement of water only (solvent)
occurs rapidly with steep gradients

Front 8

Active Transport

Back 8

The movement of a substance across a selectively permeable membrane and against a concentrations, electrical, or pressure gradient
-requires energy
-requires transport system (pump)
-helps maintain special intercellular environment