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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Serum Sodium level
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135-145
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Examples of what Sodium does
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attracts fluid, preserve extracellular fluid volume, fluid distribution, electrical impulses in nerves and muscle fibers, combines with chloride and bicarb to regulate acid-base balance
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Dietary sources of sodium
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canned soups and veggies, cheese, ketchup, processed meats, table salt, salty snack foods, seafood
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Sodium-potassium pump
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active transport that maintains normal sodium levles
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ADH
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Antidiuretic hormone
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what does ADH do
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it prevents sodium loss thus preventing water loss
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s/s of hyponatremia
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tremors, seizures, coma, nausea, vomiting, anorexia
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drugs assosiated with hyponatremia
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anticoags (heparin), anticonvulsants (acetazolamide, carbamazepine), antidiabetics (chlorpropamide, tolbutamide), antineoplastics (cyclophosphamide, vincristine), antipsychotics (fluphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene), diuretics (amiloride, loop, thiazide), sedatives (barbiturates, morphine).
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Treatment of hyponatremia
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Hyper or isovolemia - restricted fluids, possible oral supplement
hypovolemia - isotonic IV (NS), high sodium diet ICU case - hypertonic saline solution (3 or 5% saline), monitor overload, ICP, Furosemide PRN |
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s/s hypernatremia
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restlessness, fever, flushing, agitations, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stupor, confusion, lethargy, seizures, coma, twitching, hyperreflexia, ataxia, tremors
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tx hypernatremia
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solve underline disorder or problem, hydrations, hypotonic IV fluids, thiazide diuretics, salt free solutions (D5W).
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