Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Photosynthesis- word equation |
Carbon Dioxide + Water (chlorophyll + sunlight) = Glucose + Oxygen |
|
|
What is Glucose stored as in a plant? |
Starch |
|
|
The test for starch |
Iodine solution- Changes from yellow/brown to blue/black |
|
|
Testing a Plant for starch |
After a leaf is boiled and soaked in alcohol. Iodine is dropped onto it. There is no colour change if The leaf has been covered or in the dark for a long period of time- photosynthesis cannot occur without light The part of the leafs is not did not contain chlorophyll (was not green)- chlorophyll absorbs light for photosynthesis |
|
|
Describe the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis |
As light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis increases |
|
|
How do plants absorb water |
Water is absorbed by root hairs through osmosis |
|
|
How do plants transport water through the stem |
Water moves up the the xylem vessels |
|
|
The process of transpiration |
Transpiration is the loss of water from the leaves of the plant- this is mostly through little pores called stomata |
|
|
4 conditions which increase the the rate of transpiration |
High temperature High air movement (A lot of wind) Low humidity High light intensity |
|
|
Why does water travel up the stem |
Transpiration creates pressure difference between the top and bottom of the plant. Water is pulled up the xylem as water molecules stick together with much force. |
|
|
Why does water travel up the stem |
Transpiration creates pressure difference between the top and bottom of the plant. Water is pulled up the xylem as water molecules stick together with much force. |
|
|
Describe what pollination is |
The transfer of pollen from an anther to stigma |
|
|
Describe the two types of pollination |
Self pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of the same plant
Cross pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of another plant |
|
|
Describe the two types of pollination |
Self pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of the same plant
Cross pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of another plant |
|
|
The steps leading to fertilisation |
Pollen form a pollen tube which grows down the style to the ovary and into the pollen tube. The male gamete travels down the tube and and combines either the female gamete (egg) in the ovule. |
|
|
Describe the two types of pollination |
Self pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of the same plant
Cross pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of another plant |
|
|
The steps leading to fertilisation |
Pollen form a pollen tube which grows down the style to the ovary and into the pollen tube. The male gamete travels down the tube and and combines either the female gamete (egg) in the ovule. |
|
|
Describe what seed dispersal is and why it occurs |
The spreading of seeds away from the plant. This happens so the that growing plants avoid competition for light, water, nutrients and soace |
|
|
Describe the two types of pollination |
Self pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of the same plant
Cross pollination- transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of another plant |
|
|
The steps leading to fertilisation |
Pollen form a pollen tube which grows down the style to the ovary and into the pollen tube. The male gamete travels down the tube and and combines either the female gamete (egg) in the ovule. |
|
|
Describe what seed dispersal is and why it occurs |
The spreading of seeds away from the plant. This happens so the that growing plants avoid competition for light, water, nutrients and soace |
|
|
The characteristics of wind dispersed fruit |
Ver light and small- so that seed are picked up by the wind and travel long distances e.g. Dandelion Large with wings so that they can fly for long distances e.g. Sycamore |
|
|
Characteristics of animal diapered fruit |
Seed are inside eatable fruit Seeds are either spat out by animals or they move through the digestive tract and egested Eg. Strawberry Apple |
|
|
Characteristics of animal dispersed fruit |
Seed are inside eatable fruit Seeds are either spat out by animals or they move through the digestive tract and egested Eg. Strawberry Apple |
|
|
Conditions needed for seed germination |
Warmth, oxygen and water |
|
|
Petals |
Often brightly coloured to attract insects |
|
|
Petals |
Often brightly coloured to attract insects |
|
|
Style |
Holds the stigma up at the top of the flower female reproductive organ |
|
|
Petals |
Often brightly coloured to attract insects |
|
|
Style |
Holds the stigma up at the top of the flower female reproductive organ |
|
|
Stamen |
Male reproductive organ. Consists of the anther filament |
|
|
Petals |
Often brightly coloured to attract insects |
|
|
Style |
Holds the stigma up at the top of the flower female reproductive organ |
|
|
Stamen |
Male reproductive organ. Consists of the anther and the filament |
|
|
Carpel |
Female reproductive organ. Consists of the stigma, style and ovary |
|
|
Stigma |
Sticky sugary surface that receives pollen |
|
|
Stigma |
Sticky sugary surface that receives pollen |
|
|
Anther |
Produces the pollen |
|
|
Stigma |
Sticky sugary surface that receives pollen |
|
|
Anther |
Produces the pollen |
|
|
Filament |
Stalk to hold anther up where it will be touched by visiting bees |
|
|
Stigma |
Sticky sugary surface that receives pollen |
|
|
Anther |
Produces the pollen |
|
|
Filament |
Stalk to hold anther up where it will be touched by visiting bees |
|
|
Pollen |
Male sex cell |
|
|
Stigma |
Sticky sugary surface that receives pollen |
|
|
Anther |
Produces the pollen |
|
|
Filament |
Stalk to hold anther up where it will be touched by visiting bees |
|
|
Pollen |
Male sex cell |
|
|
Ovary |
Produces ovules |
|
|
Stigma |
Sticky sugary surface that receives pollen |
|
|
Anther |
Produces the pollen |
|
|
Filament |
Stalk to hold anther up where it will be touched by visiting bees |
|
|
Pollen |
Male sex cell |
|
|
Ovary |
Produces ovules |
|
|
Ovule |
Female sex cell |
|
|
Nectary |
Produces nectar which insects and other animals feed on |
|
|
Nectary |
Produces nectar which insects and other animals feed on |
|
|
Sepal |
Protects the flower before it opens |
|
|
Nectary |
Produces nectar which insects and other animals feed on |
|
|
Sepal |
Protects the flower before it opens |
|
|
Plants and their functions |
Roots- holds the plant in soil and absorbs water and nutrients Stem- hold up the leaves and supports the plant Leaves- carry out photosynthesis Flower- for reproduction |
|
|
Characteristics of insect pollinated flowers |
Large brightly coloured petals- to attract insects Often sweet smelling to attract insects Usually contain nectar- to attract insects Pollen often sticky or spiky- to stick to insects Anthers firm and inside the flower- to brush against insects Stigma inside the flower so that insects brush against it Stigma has stick coating- for pollen to stick to |
|
|
Characteristics of insect pollinated flowers |
Large brightly coloured petals- to attract insects Often sweet smelling to attract insects Usually contain nectar- to attract insects Pollen often sticky or spiky- to stick to insects Anthers firm and inside the flower- to brush against insects Stigma inside the flower so that insects brush against it Stigma has stick coating- for pollen to stick to |
|
|
Characteristics of wind pollinated flowers |
Pollen produced in great quantities- because most does not reach another flower Pollen is very light and smooth- so it can be blown in the wind without clumping together Anthers loosely attached and dangle out- to release pollen into the wind Stigma hangs out the flower- to catch pollen Stigma feathery or net like - to catch pollen |
