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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anaphase
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The third stage of mitosis, beginning when the centromeres of duplicated chromosomes divide and sister chromotids separate from each other, and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes are located at each of the two poles of the cell.
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cell cycle
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An ordered sequence of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell, composed of the M, G1, S, and G2 phases.
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centriole
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A structure in an animal cell, composed of cylinders of microtubule triplets arranged in a 9 + 0 pattern. An animal cell usually has a pair of centrioles, which are involved in cell division.
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centromere
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The centralized region joining two sister chromatids.
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chromatid
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Either of the two strands of a replicated chromosome, which are joined at the centromere.
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cyclin
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A regulatory protein whose concentration fluctuates cyclically.
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cytokinesis
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The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.
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interphase
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The period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. During interphase, cellular metabolic activity is high, chromosomes and organelles are duplicated, and cell size may increase. Interphase accounts for 90% of the time of each cell cycle.
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metaphase
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The second stage of mitosis. During metaphase, all the cell's duplicated chromosomes are lined up at an imaginary plane equidistant between the poles of the mitotic spindle.
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mitosis
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A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis conserves chromosome number by equally allocating replicated chromosomes to each of the daughter nuclei.
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prophase
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The first stage of mitosis, during which duplicated chromosomes condense from chromatin, and the mitotic spindle forms and begins moving the chromosomes toward the center of the cell.
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spindle
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An assemblage of microtubules that orchestrates chromosome movement during eukaryotic cell division.
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telophase
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The fourth and final stage of mitosis, during which daughter nuclei form at the two poles of a cell. Telophase usually occurs together with cytokinesis.
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