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111 Cards in this Set

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What significant event occurred in 1775?
Marine Corps was created Nov 10th in Philadelpha at Tun Tavern by a a resolution of the Continental Congress, which raised two battalions of Marines. Captain Samuel Nicholas became the commander of these two battalions
What significant event occurred in 1776?
The first Marine landing took place during the Revolutionary War (New Providence Island)

-Nickname "Leatherneck"
What significant event occurred in 1805?
Marines stormed the Barbary pirates stronghold at Burma on the "shores of Tripoli

-Stars and Stripes raised for the first time in the Eastern Hemisphere
What significant event occurred in 1847?
Marines occupied the "Halls of Montezuma" during the Battle of Chapultepec.

-Marines helped take California
What significant event occurred in 1859?
Under command of Col Robert E. Lee, U.S. Army, Marines stormed the United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry to put down an attempted slave revolt lead by abolitionist John Brown
What significant event occurred in 1868?
Marine Corps adopted an emblem
What significant event occurred in 1883?
The official motto of the Marine Corps, "Semper Fidelis," was adopted
What significant event occurred in 1900?
Marines were part of a multinational defense force that protected the Gegation Quarter against attack during the Boxer Rebellion in Peking China
What significant event occurred in 1913?
Marine Corps established its aviation unit. Maj Alfred A. Cunningham was the first pilot
What significant event occurred in 1933?
Marine Corps reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force

Marine Corps Equipment Board was established at Quantico, VA
What significant event occurred in 1965?
Marines landed in South Vietnam which committed the Marine Corps to the longest war in its history

Marines landed in the Dominican Republic to evacuate and protect U.S. citizens in response to an attempted coup of the local government
What significant event occurred in 1982?
Marines deployed to Lebanon as part of a multinational peacekeeping force

On Oct 23rd, a suicide truck bomb attack on the headquarters building killed 241 Americans and wounded 70 others.
What significant event occurred in 1991
Operation Desert Storm was launched after the Iraqi government refused to comply with United nations resolutions
The Battle of Belleau Wood
Marines helped to crush a German offensive at Belleau Wood that threatened Paris during World War I. Nickname "Teufelhunden" or "Devil Dogs"
The Battle of Guadalcanal
On 7 Aug 1942, the 1st Marine Division landed on the beaches of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands and launched the first United States land offensive of WWII
The Battle of Tarawa
The prime objective was the Tarawa Atoll and Betio Island which had been fortified to the point that the Japanese commander proclaimed that it would take a million Americans 100 years to conquer it. On 20 Nov 1943, Marines landed and secured the island within 76 hours. (Central Pacific)
The Battle of Mariana Islands
Due to the need for airfields by the Air Force and advanced bases for the Navy, the Marianas were invaded
The Battle of Iwo Jima
On 19 Feb 1945, Marines landed on Iwo Jima in what was the largest all-Marine battle in history.Suffering over 23,300 casualties, it was the bloodiest in Marine Corps History
The Battle of Chosin Reservior
Despite facing a 10-division force sent to annihilate them, Marines smashed seven enemy divisions in their march from the Chosin Reservoir.

Marines brought out all operable equipment, properly evacuated their wounded and dead, and maintained tactical integrity. (North Korea, November 1950)
The Battle of Hue City
During the Vietnamese holiday of Tet in January 1968, Communist forces launched a surprise offensive by infiltrating large numbers of their troops into the major population centers of Hue City, South Vietnam. The city was secured on 25 February 1968
Archibald Henderson
"The Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps" Became the Commandant in 1820 and held his command for 39 years, leading the Corps through the Indian Wars, the War with Mexico, the opening of China, and the disorders in Central America.
John Quick
Participated in an operation to seize an advanced base for the Atlantic Fleet battalion of Marines at Cuzco Well(Guantanmo Bay). The SgtMaj won the Medal of Honor for semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish and American shellfire.
Dan Daly
SgtMaj Daly is recongnized for earning two Medals of Honor:(1) Chinese Boxer Rebellion and (2) First Caco War in Haiti.
Louis B. "Chesty" Puller
LtGen Puller and a force of about 32 Marines became famous for their ability to engage rebel groups and bandits while scouring the jungles in a wide area of Nicaraqua to the Honduran border. Became known as "Tiger of the Mountains"Marine Corps' mascot named after him.
Gregory R. "Pappy" Boyington
Commanded VMH-214, the "Black Sheep" during WWII. Recognized for Marine prowess in aerial dogfights. Also recognized as the Marine Corps' top ranking flying ace with 28 victories ("kills") (1945)
Ira H. Hayes
A Pima Indian who was one of the Marines immortalized in the now famous photograph taken of the second flag raising incident on Mount Suribachi shortly after the Japanese stronghold was taken on 23 Feb 1945.
Opha Mae Johnson
The Marine Corps' first enlisted woman on 13 Aug 1918
Margaret A. Brewer
Served as the seventh and last Director of Women Marines (WM) during the period 1973-1977. Became the first woman general officer on 11 May 1978.
Robert E. Bush
Earned the Medal of Honor with 1st MarDiv during the Battle of Okinawa. While providing aid to casualties, the Japanese counterattacked. While holding the plasma in one hand, he emptied his weapon into the advancing Japanese ranks accounting for 6 enemy casualties despite his own injuries.
John "Jack" H. Bradley
Earned the Navy Cross during the Battle of Iwo Jima...performed life saving treatment while positioning himself to shield his patient and pulled the man thirty yards through intense fire to safety
Robert R. Ingram
Petty Officer Ingram earned the Medal of Honor during the Vietnam War. PO Ingram crawled through bullet spattered terrain to a downed Marine and was shot in the palm of his hand. With a life-threatening wound, he continued to render aid.
What significant event occurred in 2001?
The attacks on NYC and D.C. Marines units deployed to the Arabian Sea as part of Operation Enduring Freedom. 25 Nov 15th MEU arrived in Afghanistan and set up a fortified base, "Camp Rhino,". The mission code-name "Swift Freedom", sealed off the city of Kandahar, cutting off incoming supplies and escape routes
What significant event occurred in 2003?
Operation Iraqi Freedom was launched. In a matter of three weeks the government of Saddam Hussein and his Baath political party was demolished

Battle of Nasiriya: 23-29 March - 2D Marine Expeditionary Brigade- The first major battle of the Iraq War; Marines were tasked with capturing two out to three key bridges over the Euphrates in the city on the advance to Baghdad
What significant event occurred 31 Mar 2004?
Iraqi insurgents in Fallujah ambushed a convoy containing four American private military contractors from Blackwater USA, who were conducting delivery for food caterers. Photographs of the event were released to news agencies worldwide, causing outrage in the United States.
What significant event occurred in April 2004
Coalition Forces fought the First Battle of Fallujah, "Operation Vigilant Resolve", in order to capture or kill insurgent elements considered responsible for the deaths of the Blackwater Security team
What significant event occurred 7 Nov 2004
"Operation Phantom Fury" was launched to recapture the city of Fallujah. 95 American troops were killed and 560 were wounded. After six days of intense battles, Fallujah was fully occupied by U.S. Forces. Bloodiest battle of the war in Iraq
What are the nine common elements found in a combat environment?
Violent,unnerving sights and sounds
Casualties
Confusion and lack of info
Isolation
Communications breakdown
Individual discomfort and fatigue
Fear, stress, and mental fatigue
Continuous operations
Homesickness

(Violent C4 Is In F H)
Charateristics that enable Marines and Sailors to overcome fear
Morale, Discipline, Espirit de corps, Proficiency, Motivation
What is BAMCIS?
Used to memorize the six troop leading steps
What does the acronym BAMCIS stand for?
Begin planning
Arrange recon
Make recon
Complete the plan
Issue the order
Supervise
Article 1 of Code of Conduct
I am an American, fighting in the armed forces which guard my country and our way of life. I am prepared to give my life in their defense
Article 2 of Code of Conduct
I will never surrender of my own free will. If in command, I will never surrender the members of my command while they still have means to resist
Article 3 of Code of Conduct
If I am captured, I will continue to resist by all means available. I will make every effort to escape and aid others to escape. I will accept neither parole nor special favors from the enemy
Article 4 of Code of Conduct
If I become a prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my fellow prisoners. I will give no information nor take part in any action which might be harmful to my comrades. If I am senior, I will take command. If not, I will obery the lawful orders of those appointed over me and will back them in every way
Article 5 of Code of Conduct
When questioned, should I become a prisoner of war, I am required to give name, rank, service number, and date of birth. I will evade answering further questions to the utmost of my ability. I will make no verbal or written statements disloyal to my country and its allies, or harmful to their cause.
Article 6 of Code of Conduct
I will never forget that I am an American, fighting for freedom, responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles which made my country free. I will trust in my God and in the United States of America
Rights of prisoners of war
-Receive sanitary, protective housing and clothing
-Receive a sufficient amount of food to sustain good health
-Receive adequate medical care
-Receive necessary facilities for proper hygiene
-Practice religious faith
-Keep personal property except weapons, military equipment, and military documents
-Send and receive mail
-Receive packages containing non-contraband items
-Select a fellow POW to represent you
-Receive humane treatment
-Have a copy of Geneva Convention and it's annexes in view
-Have a copy of all camp regulations, notices, orders and publications about POW conduct in view
Obligations of prison of war
Reuired to give their captors:
Name
Rank
Service number
Date of birth
What is ORM?
A decision making tool used by people at all levels to increase operational effectiveness by anticipating hazards and reducing the potential for loss
Concept of the ORM process
Reduce the potential for loss, increase our ability to make informed decisons, minimizes risks to acceptable levels, will reduce mishaps, lower costs, and provide for more efficient use of resources
Steps of ORM
Identify Hazards
Assess Hazards
Make Risk Decisions
Implement Controls
Supervise
Four principles of ORM
-Accept risk when benefits outweigh the cost
-Accept no unnecessary risk
-Anticipate and manage risk by planning
-Make risk decisions at the right level
Head protection
Marine Corps personnel assigned to head hazardous or hardhat areas. Any other personnel entering head-hazardous areas shall wear appropriate head protection
Hearing protection
All personnel that enter or work in an area where the operations generate with noise levels greater than 84 dBA, 140 dB peak sound pressure level or greater.

Double protection shall be worn in areas where noise levels exceed 104 dBA, personnel exposed to gunfire in a training situation or to artillery, motar, or missile firing
What are the seven elements of he Marine Corps mission?
-Provide fleet marine forces with combined arms and supporting air components for service with the United States fleet
-Provide detachments and organizations for service on armed vessels of the Navy and security detachments
-Develop, in coordination with the Army, Navy, and Air Force, the doctrine tactics techniques, and equipment employed by landing forces in amphibious operations
-Provide Marine forces for airborne operations
-Develop, in coordination with the Army, Navy, and Air Force, the doctrine procedures, and equipment for airborne operations
-Expand peacetime components to meet wartime needs according to the joint mobilization plans
-Perform other duties as the President may direct
Service Chain of Command
Begins with the President, through the Secretary of Defense through the Secretary of the Navy and the Commandant of the Marine Corps
Operational Chain of Command
Runs from the President, through the Secretary of Defense directly to commanders of combatant commands
Marine Corps operating forces
Marine Corps Forces(MARFOR)- organized as MAGTFs and are either employed as part of naval expeditionary forces or separately as part of larger joint or combined forces
-Marine Corps Security Forces(MCSF)- includes approximately 3,400 Marines who protect key naval installations and facilities worldwide.
-Marine Security Guard(MSG)- MSG provide security at embassies and consulates around the globe to Dept of State...assigned to 121 diplomatic posts in 115 countries
Define Force Service Support Group (FSSG)
A composite grouping of functional components that provides CSS above the organic capability of supported units to all elements of the MEF
Most significant attribute of the FSSG
Permanently organized command charged with the responsibility of providing all major CSS functions for the MEF beyond the organic capabilities
Mission of the FSSG CE
Provides general and direct support, sustained CSS above the organic capabilities of supported elements of MAGTFs in the functional areas of CSS during deployment and employment of the MEF
Six tasks of the CE of the FSSG
-Provide centralized ground supply support
-Provide authorized overflow organizational and intermediate maintenance support
-Coordinate transportation and throughput support
-Provide general engineering support to the MEF
-Provide health service support
-Coordinate services support
Direct support
Support provided by a unit not attached to the supported unit, but required to give priority to the support required by that unit
General support
Support which is given to the supported force as a whole and not to any particular subdivision thereof
Task organization
Process of allocating available assets to subordinate commanders and determining their command and support relationships
G1
Personnel
G2
Intelligence
G3
Operations
G4
Logistics
G5
Civil Affairs
G6
Communications
Logistics
"the science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of forces
Purpose of Close Order Drill

Move:
For a commander to move his unit from one place to another in an orderly manner
Define Combat Service Support
The essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks necessary to sustain all elements of operating forces in theater at all levels of war
Purpose of Close Order Drill:

Provide
Simple formations
Purpose of Close Order Drill:
Increase the confidence of junior officers and noncommissioned officers through the use of commands
Purpose of Close Order Drill:

Give
Marines an opportunity to handle individual weapons
Purpose of Close Order Drill:

Teach
Discipline by instilling habits of precision and automatic response to orders
Drill Terms:

Element
An individual, squad, section, platoon, company, or other unit which is part of a larger unit.
Drill Terms:

Formation
An arrangement of elements on line, in column, or in any other prescribed manner.
Drill Terms:

Line
A formation in which the elements are abreast
Drill Terms:

Rank
A line of Marines or vehicles placed side by side
Drill Terms:

File
A single column of Marines or vehicles one behind the other
Drill Terms:

Flank
The right or left extremity of a unit either on line or in column. (Right or left perimeter of a formation)
Discuss the three levels of logistic support
Strategic- The level of war at which a nation determines national or multinational security objectives and guidance, and develops and uses national resources to accomplish those objectives

Operational- The level of war at which campaigns and major operations are planned, conducted, and sustained to accomplish strategic objectives within theaters or areas of operations

Tactical- The level of war at which battles and engagements are planned executed to accomplish military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces
Drill Terms:

Normal interval
Normal individual length in a formation is one arm's length (Dress right dress)
Drill Terms:

Close interval
The horizontal distance between shoulder and elbow when the left hand is placed on the the hip (At close interval, dress right dress)
Drill Terms:

Guide
The individual to which the formation regulates and forms
Drill Terms:

Pace
The length of a full step at a regular marching pace (30 inches back to chest)
State the six functional areas of tactical logistics
Supply- issuing materiel to supported units

Maintenance- actions taken to keep materiel in serviceable conditions and actions required to return materiel to serviceable condition

Transportation-moving from one location to another

General Engineering- Different from combat engineering. Considered a CSS function

Health Services- seeks to minimize the effect that wounds, injuries, and disease have on unit effectiveness, readiness, and morale

Services-provides for the effective administration, management, and employment of military organizations
Define a Combat Service Support Element
Provide supply, maintenance, transportation, deliberate engineering, health, postal, disbursing, prisoner or war, information systems, exchange, utilities, legal, and graves registration services
What are the three duties of the interior guard?
1. Preserve Order
2. Protect Property
3. Enforce regulations within the jurisdiction of command
Interior guard chain of command:

Commanding Officer
Ensures the security of the command
Interior guard chain of command:

Field officer of the day
Ensures the security of the command
Interior guard chain of command:

Officer of the day
Supervises the main guard. Directs inspection of the guard by other officers or NCOs
Interior guard chain of command:

Commander of the guard
Ensures proper instruction, discipline, and performance of duty of the main guard
Interior guard chain of command:

Sergeant of the guard (SOG)
Ensures proper instruction, discipline, and performance of duty of the main guard
Interior guard chain of command:

Corporal of the guard
Directly supervises/assigns the members of the guard assigned to that relief. Performs duties of the SOG in his/her absence.
Identify and Explain the four THREATCON conditions
Normal - No known threat indicated

Alpha - A general threat is possible. Terrorist activity against installations and personnel are possible

Bravo - An increased and more predictable threat of terrorism action

Charile - An incident has occurred or intelligence has been received that some form of terrorist action is imminent.

Delta - A terrorist attack has occurred or intelligence indicates that a terrorist action against a specific location is likely.
Discuss the seven principles of logistics support
Responsiveness- the right support in the right place at the right time

Simplicity- fosters efficiency in both the planning and execution of logistics operations

Flexibility- the ability to adapt logistics structure and procedures to changing situations, missions, and concepts of operation

Economy- providing sufficient support at the least cost without impairing mission accomplishment or jeopardizing lives
Attainability- the ability to provide the minimum essential supplies and services required to begin combat operations

Sustainability- the ability to maintain logistics support to all users throughout the are of operations for the duration of the operation

Survivability- the capacity of the organization to protect its forces and resources
AH-1W Cobra
Primary function: Attack helicopter
Speed: 147 Knots
Crew: 2 Officer
Mission: Fire support and security for forward and rear area forces
CH-46E Sea Knight
Primary function: Medium lift assault support helicopter
Speed: 145 Knots
Crew: 4- pilot, copilot, crew chief, and 1st Mechanic/aerial gunner
Mission: provide all-weather, day/night, night vision goggle assault transport of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious and subsequent operations ashore
CH-53D Sea Stallion
Primary function: Transportation of equipment and supplies during the ship-to-shore movement of an amphibious assault and during subsequent operations ashore.
Speed: 130 Knots
Crew: 4-pilot, copilot, crew chief, and 1st mechanic/aerial gunner
Mission: designed for the transportation of equipment supplies and personnel during the assault phase of an amphibious operation and subsequent operations ashore
CH53E Super Sea Stallion
Primary function: Transportation of heavy equipment and supplies during the ship-to-shore movement of an amphibious assault and during subsequent operations ashore
Crew: 4-pilot, copilot, crew chief, and 1st mechanic/ aerial gunner
Mission: designed for the transportation of material and supplies; can also retrieve downed aircraft including another CH-53E
UH-1N Huey
Primary function: Utility helicopter
Speed:121 knots
Crew: 2 Officers, 2 Enlisted
Mission: Airborne command and control, combat assault, medical evacuation, maritime special operations, supporting arms control and coordination, fire support and security for forward and rear area forces
MV-22B Osprey
Primary function: Amphibious assault transport of troops, equipment and supplies from assault ships and land bases
Mission: Marine Corps Assault Support
EA-6B Prowler
Primary function: Airborne Electronic Warfare support to Fleet Marine Forces
Speed: .99mach
Crew: 4
Mission: collect tactical electronic order of battle (EOB) data
AV-8B Harrier II
Primary function: Attack and destroy surface targets under day and night visual conditions
Cruise speed: Subsonic to transonic
Crew: 1
Mission: to attack and destroy surface and air targets, to escort helicopters, and to conduct other such air operations as may be directed
KC130F/R/T Hercules
Primary function: In-flight refueling; tactical transport
Speed: 315 knots
Crew: 2 pilots, 1 navigator/systems operator, 1 flight engineer, 1 first mechanic, 1-2 loadmasters
Mission: provides support required by MAGTF; provide in-flight refueling to both tactical aircrafts and helicopters as well as rapid ground refueling when required
F-18A/B/C Hornet
Primary function: Intercept and destroy enemy aircraft under all-weather conditions and attack and destroy surface targets
Cruise speed: High subsonic to supersonic
Mission: Conduct day and night close air support; conduct armed escort of friendly aircraft; conduct day and night suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD)
F-18D Hornet
Primary function: Attack and destroy surface targets, day or night, under all weather conditions; conduct multi-sensor imagery reconnaissance; provide supporting arms coordination; intercept and destroy enemy aircraft under all weather conditions
Cruise speed: High subsonic to supersonic
Crew: 2
Mission: Conduct day and night supporting arms coordination to include forward air control, tactical air coordination and artillery/naval gunfire spotting; Conduct battlefield illumination and target illumination