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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ctenocephalides felis is a vector for
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Rickettsia typhi, Bartonella henselae, and B. clarridgeiae
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Rickettsia typhi
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(murine typhus) transmitted by the fleas of rodents, important reservoirs are opossums and cats, Ctenocephalides felis is a principal vector, patients present with fever, may also have a rash and headache
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Bartonella henselae, and B. clarridgeiae
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(cat scratch fever): symptoms include, evidence of erythema or pustule at original site of introduction, fever and mild headache
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Echidnophaga gallinacea
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sticktight flea of poultry, attacks all types of domestic birds as well as dogs, cats, rabbits, horses and humans in subtropical America, embeds itself in the skin around the eyes and cloaca and on the combs, wattles and other glabrous areas
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Tunga penetrans
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jigger or chigoe, found in tropical America and Africa, impregnated female embeds in the skin of the ankles, instep and between the toes, lesions are painful and subject to 2ndary infection
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Rodent and Human Fleas: carriers of Plague
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A. Xenopsylla cheopis:
B. Pulex irritans |
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Coleoptera
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Beetles
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Siphonaptera
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Fleas
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Aethina tumida
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small hive beetle: enter the hive of honeybees and cause the bees to leave the hive, introduced into the US in 1998, found in Florida, Georga, S. Carolina, Pensylvania, Ohio, Minnesota and Michigan
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Phthiraptera
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Lice, lives on the external surface of vertebrates (birds and mammals), attach via
claws at the end of their legs (3 pair of legs, insects) there are no relatives found on fish, amphibians or reptiles, all major groups of mammals have lice, simple or incomplete metamorphosis. eggs are called nits. Complete cycle takes about 3 weeks, female lays a few hundred eggs in her life. Two major groups: |
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Anoplura
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(sucking lice) only found on placental animals, mouthparts are adapted to feeding from blood vessels, head is typically much narrower than the thorax
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Haematopinus asini
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sucking lous of horses
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Haematopinus suis
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sucking lous of swine
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Haematopinus eurystemus
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sucking lous of domestic cattle in N america, tends to concentrate on the neck, poll, brisket and tail
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Haematopinus quadripertusus
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sucking lous of cattle in tropical/subtropical parasite, lays eggs in the tail switch, but may be found around the eyes and long hairs of the ears
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Linognathus vituli
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sucking louse of cattle
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Linognathus ovillus, pedalis, africanus
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sucking louse of sheep
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Linognathus stenosis, africanis
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sucking louse of goats
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Linognathus setosus
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sucking louse of dogs and foxes
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Solenopotes capillatus
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little blue louse of cattle, sucking louse
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Polyplax spinulosa
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sucking louse of rats
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Polyplax serrata
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sucking louse of mice
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Pthirus
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crabs, large tarsal hairs are adapted to the coarse hairs of the pubic and perianal
regions, armpits mustache, eyebrows, life cycle is about one month egg to egg, sexual contact is the principal means of transmission, entire families may become infected, attach eggs to the hair |
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Pediculus humanus capitis
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human head louse, control with permethrin products
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Pediculus humanus corporus, Pediculus humanus humanus
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human body louse, different from all other louse in that the female glues eggs to the fibers of clothing rather than the the hairs of the host, vector of three important diseases all by crushing infected lice on the site of a bite
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Louse borne epidemic typhus
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Rickettsia prowazeki, develop in the intestinal cells of the louse, excreted in the feces at days 3 to 5, infected lice only live 2 weeks after becoming infected, sudden onset of fever with flu like symptoms, 4-7 days later development of a rash, headache, rash and prostration worsen and may lead to delirium or coma, case fatality 10-20%, flying squirrels are also hosts for this disease
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Rickettsia prowazeki
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Louse borne epidemic typhus
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Trench fever
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Bartonella quintana, affected troops during the world wars, and homeless people in seattle
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Bartonella quintana
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Trench fever
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Louse borne relapsing fever
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Borrelia recurrentis, related to Borrelia burgdorferi, infected patient develops bouts of fever that can last days to a week, followed by several days to a week without fever
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Borrelia recurrentis
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Louse borne relapsing fever
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Mallophaga
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found on birds and mammals, head as wide as thorax, feed on skin detritus and parts of hair and feathers, some are vectors of filariid parasites, a few of these are blood feeders
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Trichodectes canis
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the canine chewing louse, may serve as an intermediate vector of the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum
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Felicola subrostratus
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only louse found on cats, characterized by the triangular shape of the anterior portion of the head
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Hemiptera
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Bugs, two pairs of wings, triangular shield between wing bases, 4 segmented
antennae and a 3 segmented beak, develop by simple metamorphosis, predacious reduviidae (assassin bugs) inflict painful bites, many reported to attack humans |
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Triatomin bugs
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parasitic, feed exclusively on the blood of vertebrates, attack at night, triatominae in the genera Triaoma, Rhodinius and Panstrongylus transmit trypanosomiasis or Chigas disease (Trypanosoma crusi), transmission is in the feces, T. sanguisuga may play a minor role in the transmission of equine encephalomyelitis
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Triatoma infestans
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one of 2 main vectors for Chigas disease in S America, T dimidiata is also an important vector
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Rhodnius prolixus
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another important vector for Chigas, lives in houses but also has a large population that lives out of houses, control is somewhat more difficult, found more so in central America, 5 nymphal stages, can only molt to next stage if take a blood meal, long lived, and cycle is long, 300 days from egg to adult
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Cimicidae
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bedbugs: vestigial wings, bloodsucking parasite of humans, chickens, bats, nesting birds, can endure starvation for several months, no known diseases, simple metamorphosis, females produce 5 eggs each week for 4 or 5 months, 10 days to hatch, develop through 5 nymphal instars, 1-3 months to reach adulthood, males impale the female and release sperm, they are nidicolous (hide in cracks and come out to feed), able to feed to completion in 3 to 10 minutes
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Cimex lectularius
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common bed bug
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Cimex hemipterus
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tropical bed bug
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Ctenocephalides felis
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one of the most common fleas on earth, primary host is the cat but is also the primary flea infesting dogs is a vector for:
Rickettsia typhi, Bartonella henselae, and B. clarridgeiae |
|
|
Rickettsia typhi
|
(murine typhus) transmitted by the fleas of rodents, important reservoirs are opossums and cats, C. felis is a principal vector, patients present with fever, may also have a rash and headache
|
|
|
Bartonella henselae, and B. clarridgeiae
|
(cat scratch fever): symptoms include, evidence of erythema or pustule at original site of introduction, fever and mild headache
|
|
|
Echidnophaga gallinacea
|
sticktight flea of poultry, attacks all types of domestic birds as well as dogs, cats, rabbits, horses and humans in subtropical America, embeds itself in the skin around the eyes and cloaca and on the combs, wattles and other glabrous areas
|
|
|
Tunga penetrans
|
jigger or chigoe, found in tropical America and Africa, impregnated female embeds in the skin of the ankles, instep and between the toes, lesions are painful and subject to 2ndary infection
|
|
|
Rodent and Human Fleas: carriers of Plague
|
A. Xenopsylla cheopis:
B. Pulex irritans |
|
|
Coleoptera
|
Beetles
|
|
|
Siphonaptera
|
Fleas
|
|
|
Aethina tumida
|
small hive beetle: enter the hive of honeybees and cause the bees to leave the hive, introduced into the US in 1998, found in Florida, Georga, S. Carolina, Pensylvania, Ohio, Minnesota and Michigan
|
|
|
Phthiraptera
|
Lice, lives on the external surface of vertebrates (birds and mammals), attach via
claws at the end of their legs (3 pair of legs, insects) there are no relatives found on fish, amphibians or reptiles, all major groups of mammals have lice, simple or incomplete metamorphosis. eggs are called nits. Complete cycle takes about 3 weeks, female lays a few hundred eggs in her life. Two major groups: |
|
|
Anoplura
|
(sucking lice) only found on placental animals, mouthparts are adapted to feeding from blood vessels, head is typically much narrower than the thorax
|
|
|
Haematopinus asini
|
sucking lous of horses
|
|
|
Haematopinus suis
|
sucking louse of swine
|
|
|
Haematopinus eurystemus
|
sucking lous of domestic cattle in N america, tends to concentrate on the neck, poll, brisket and tail
|
|
|
Haematopinus quadripertusus
|
sucking lous of cattle in tropical/subtropical parasite, lays eggs in the tail switch, but may be found around the eyes and long hairs of the ears
|
|
|
Linognathus vituli
|
sucking louse of cattle
|
|
|
Linognathus ovillus, pedalis, africanus
|
sucking louse of sheep
|
|
|
Linognathus stenosis, africanis
|
sucking louse of goats
|
|
|
Linognathus setosus
|
sucking louse of dogs and foxes
|
|
|
Solenopotes capillatus
|
little blue louse of cattle, sucking louse
|
|
|
Polyplax spinulosa
|
sucking louse of rats
|
|
|
Polyplax serrata
|
sucking louse of mice
|
|
|
Pthirus
|
crabs, large tarsal hairs are adapted to the coarse hairs of the pubic and perianal
regions, armpits mustache, eyebrows, life cycle is about one month egg to egg, sexual contact is the principal means of transmission, entire families may become infected, attach eggs to the hair |
|
|
Pediculus humanus capitis
|
human head louse, control with permethrin products
|
|
|
Pediculus humanus corporus, Pediculus humanus humanus
|
human body louse, different from all other louse in that the female glues eggs to the fibers of clothing rather than the the hairs of the host, vector of three important diseases all by crushing infected lice on the site of a bite
|
|
|
Louse borne epidemic typhus
|
Rickettsia prowazeki, develop in the intestinal cells of the louse, excreted in the feces at days 3 to 5, infected lice only live 2 weeks after becoming infected, sudden onset of fever with flu like symptoms, 4-7 days later development of a rash, headache, rash and prostration worsen and may lead to delirium or coma, case fatality 10-20%, flying squirrels are also hosts for this disease
|
|
|
Rickettsia prowazeki
|
Louse borne epidemic typhus
|
|
|
Trench fever
|
Bartonella quintana, affected troops during the world wars, and homeless people in seattle, transmited by Pediculus humanus corporis, Pediculus humanus humanus
|
|
|
Bartonella quintana
|
Trench fever
|
|
|
Louse borne relapsing fever
|
Borrelia recurrentis, related to Borrelia burgdorferi, infected patient develops bouts of fever that can last days to a week, followed by several days to a week without fever
|
|
|
Borrelia recurrentis
|
Louse borne relapsing fever
|
|
|
Mallophaga
|
louse found on birds and mammals, head as wide as thorax, feed on skin detritus and parts of hair and feathers, some are vectors of filariid parasites, a few of these are blood feeders
|
|
|
Trichodectes canis
|
the canine chewing louse, may serve as an intermediate vector of the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum
|
|
|
Felicola subrostratus
|
only louse found on cats, characterized by the triangular shape of the anterior portion of the head
|
|
|
Hemiptera
|
Bugs, two pairs of wings, triangular shield between wing bases, 4 segmented
antennae and a 3 segmented beak, develop by simple metamorphosis, predacious reduviidae (assassin bugs) inflict painful bites, many reported to attack humans |
|
|
Triatomin bugs
|
parasitic, feed exclusively on the blood of vertebrates, attack at night, triatominae in the genera Triaoma, Rhodinius and Panstrongylus transmit trypanosomiasis or Chigas disease (Trypanosoma crusi), transmission is in the feces, T. sanguisuga may play a minor role in the transmission of equine encephalomyelitis
|
|
|
Triatoma infestans
|
one of 2 main vectors for Chigas disease in S America, T dimidiata is also an important vector
|
|
|
Rhodnius prolixus
|
another important vector for Chigas, lives in houses but also has a large population that lives out of houses, control is somewhat more difficult, found more so in central America, 5 nymphal stages, can only molt to next stage if take a blood meal, long lived, and cycle is long, 300 days from egg to adult
|
|
|
Cimicidae
|
bedbugs: vestigial wings, bloodsucking parasite of humans, chickens, bats, nesting birds, can endure starvation for several months, no known diseases, simple metamorphosis, females produce 5 eggs each week for 4 or 5 months, 10 days to hatch, develop through 5 nymphal instars, 1-3 months to reach adulthood, males impale the female and release sperm, they are nidicolous (hide in cracks and come out to feed), able to feed to completion in 3 to 10 minutes
|
|
|
Cimex lectularius
|
common bed bug
|
|
|
Cimex hemipterus
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tropical bed bug
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