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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Patterns of inheritance |
Define the system of passing on dominant and recessive genetic traits |
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Gene |
Section of DNA which codes for protein |
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Allele |
Alternate forms of gene found on the same part of chromosomes |
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Homologous chromosomes |
Maternal and paternal chromosomes which have paired up during meiosis |
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Dominant |
If one has dominant and recessive alleles, the dominant gene will express |
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Recessive |
A gene which requires both alleles to have this recessive trait to express |
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Principle of segregation |
Law which states that two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so offspring inherit one factor from each parent |
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Genotype |
Genetic makeup which determines specific traits |
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Phenotype |
An individual's observable characteristics resulting from interaction between genotypes and the environment |
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Homozygous |
Matching alleles |
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Heterozygous |
Mismatched alleles |
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Principle of independent assortment |
Describes how genes seperate when reproductive cells develop |
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Incomplete dominance |
When one alleles ones not fully dominate the other, resulting in a new phenotype |
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Codominance |
The relationship between two alleles |
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Multiple alleles |
An allele having three (or more?) allelic forms of the genes |
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Polygenic inheritance |
Inheritance of a genetic trait which is attributable to multiple genes |
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Linked genes |
Two genes which are close together on a chromosome and assort codependently |
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X-linked genes |
Agnew causing the trait is located on an x chromosome |
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Nondisjunction |
the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division |
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Multi factorial/quantitative traits |
Phenotypes, products of one or two genes and the environment |
