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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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molars
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for grinding
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canines
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daggar like teeth
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how did elephant tusk evolve
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tusks from incisors and canines disappeared
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what was moeritherium and where did it live
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the first elephant
from n. africa in egypt |
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what happened during the miocene with regard to grazing browsing animals
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grass became abundant, increase in grazing types
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when did the pleistocene end and how abruptly
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approx 10 thousand years ago
very fast 10-30 years |
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what traits did mammoths acquire as they adapted to the pleistocene grasslands
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12. Mammoths grew long hair, small ears, got fatty deposits like camels, big feet, odd shaped tusks for snow plows, large hearts, tip of tongue projection
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why are grasses so well adapted to grazing fire and drought
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their roots are very good and their meristems are under the ground
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how did humans and climate change conspire to cause mammoths to become extinct
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climate change was too rapid and mammoths couldnt adapt. also humans had improved hunting abilities
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what is the difference between mammoths and mastodons
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16. Mastodons in forest and eat tender vegetation. Mammoths live in grasslands and eat grass. Mastodons have weak molars.
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what is meant by megafauna? what happened to them
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big animals
changing climate and human hunting killed them. |
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whats a sigmoid curve and what does it imply
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S shaped curve, and it shows the rapid increase of something
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who was thomas malthus and what is meant by mathusian limits
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4. When you run out of food. No matter what happens, the living lifestyle will get worse as time goes on. There will be more and more people. Population tends to increase faster than the means of subsistence resulting in an inadequate supply of food and necessary goods.
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where is easter island and who settled there?
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In the south pacific, Polynesians (lapita people) off coast of Chile
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the early polynesians were talented navigators, storytellers, and artisans, but what prompted these skills?
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7. Overpopulation. They had to be good navigators because people had to leave. Storytellers told stories like cannibalisms, artisans thought that if you made big statues and beautiful artwork the gods would treat them well
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what is pollen dating? obsidian dating? what is involved
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8. What vegetation lived. Each plant made diff kind of pollen. Fossilized pollen says what plants lived
Obsidian is volcanic glass. Water seeps into it when it is cut. It is datable to when it is cut |
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why were the easter island statues mutilated and who did it
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9. Things were getting desperate, easter island sucked, polynesians did it to themselves. (the creators)
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what was the birdman cult
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just another cult that the people could partake in
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were there trees on easter island and if so what happened to them
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yes, they got cut down
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compare and contrast the situation in ancient easter island and current day haiti
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13. Haiti is overpopulated, they are cutting down a lot forest like the eastern islanders did. the easter islanders were more desperate because they were trapped. Haiti people can trade for food from other nations
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who were the classic maya and where did they live
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Lived in central america. Collapsed when they were overpopulated. They grew corn. The rulers became overthrown
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when did the classic maya and olmec civilizations collapse and did violence ensue
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when they became overpopulated. violence did ensue
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what did the maya have
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a hieroglyphic script and an accurate calendar.
the script means they have a recorded history |
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what are mexico's problems and what does the government encourage
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Deforestation, biggest city, overpopulation, poverty, encouragement to go out into jungles
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what is meant by fallow and crop rotation and why is this so important in relation to agricultural sustainability
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let the land alone
grow different crops if you put the same thing in years after year the diseases and insects build up |
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where is the fertile crescent
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Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Baghdad. First agriculture. Main crop is wheat
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where did wheat evolve
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in the fertile crescent
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where is mesoptamia and sumer? what rivers are there
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between the tigris and euphrates rivers, southern iraq
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what is the impetus behind civilization
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high population, the farmer sustains others along with his own family while others can do different skills
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where is the garden of eden and what is it like there today
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in s iraq, now it is a desert thats infertile
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is slavery more likely to be practiced by civilizations or nomads
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civilized people, nomads didnt want an extra person to feed
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what caused the demise of the most ancient mesopotamian cities
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irrigation. salt was introduced into the fields.
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why were so many irrigation canals being built in sumeria every 10-20 years?
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lots of salt. the canals were not sustainable
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what are some benefits, drawbacks of civilization
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12. Disease, warfare. There was poor health due to buildup of poop in cities. Wanderers left the poop behind in their travels so they didn’t get sick from their poop.
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what did the greco romans know about disease? science in general?
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1. Nothing really. Pretty good knowledge of macroscience, no microbiology
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when did the roman empire come into being and when did it fall? who was cypriam
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300 BC 476 AD (400) cyprian was describing what was going on during that time, he was a historian
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where did most of romes wheat come from
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north africa, carthage. also egypt and sicily.
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where was carthage and why was it so important to rome
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modern day tunis. across med from rome. where they got their wheat from
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what plant disease caused so much trouble there
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rust
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what is the significance of the east winds
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7. Rust became bad when moisture became high. Whenever the moisture got high you had disease
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who was robigus
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the god of rust. the east wind was also mentioned centuries in biblical times
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about when did islam come into being, how did it expand.
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600 AD, arab tribed carried the faith when they expanded and took over roman territories
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when and where was the alexandria built
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300 BC, 480 AD is when it was destroyed
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who was the first librarian and what did he learn about the earth
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eratosthenes
he learned how big the earth was and that it was round |
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when was the alex alib destroyed and who destroyed it
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480 AD by the christians
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as rome weakened what groups of nomads infiltrated the empire
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germanic celtic mongols huns arabs
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where did romes energy come from mostly
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human labor and wind.
human labor requires food, if there is no food you cannot have slaves |
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what adv and disadv did sailing ships have as a means of transporting goods.
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disadv you have to sail when the winds are good and you dont have as much control over a boat as an indoor motor. you also need a lot of wood
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what were the two so called little ice ages and when did they occur
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200-300 AD
1200-1300 AD |
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what was the silk road and the spice route, where were they located
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n route from china to the fertile crescent and europe. s route through china and indonesia burma and india
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where was the ancient city of petra located and why was it abandoned
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in modern day jordan, a crossroads where people became right. another climate change caused its abandoning. they ran out of water due to the lil ice age 1. trade also stopped
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who were the vikings and what far flung lands did they est colonies
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sailors from scandanavia, they est. greenland during the warming period (1000AD. they also discovered america
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what caused the viking's travels to end and about when.
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the ice age returned 1200-1300 AD. it got colder and colder until there was ice. the greenland colonists became trapped and froze to death
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what factors contributed to the b plague
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rat mortality.
b plague likes cold weather. there were moldy grains, the rats died, and the fleas fed on humans. |
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what is feudalism and what happened to it after the b plague epidemics
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where the king rules supremely. people are stuck to the land they were born in.
once pop declined, labor was expensive again and craftsmens skills were needed |
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what are the components of the disease triangle
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pathogen host environment
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what ethnic group was primarily responsible for salvaging roman documents during the dark and middle ages
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arab scholors
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