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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
preparation steps of premolars
1. reduction of occlusal surface
2. functional cusp bevelling
3. reduction of buccal and lingual surfaces
4. reduction of mesial and distal surfaces
5. finish line
6. retention element
7. check up
8. smoothing surfaces and edges
preparation steps of molars
1. reduction of occlusal surface
2. functional cusp bevelling
3. reduction of vestibular and oral surfaces
4. reduction of mesial and distal surfaces
5. retention element
6. check up
7. smoothing surfaces and edges
preparation steps of frontal teeth
1. reduction of incisal edge
2. buccal surface preparation
3. reduction of oral surface (gingivally only)
4. preparation of proximal surfaces
5. preparation of oral concavity
6. check up
7. smoothing surface and round edges
classification of prosthesis
1. partial
a. fixed
i. crown
- partial veneer
- full veneer
ii. bridge (FPD)
iii. post and core (Dowel core)
iv. inlay / onlay

b. removable


2. total
a. total removable denture
define fixed prosthesis
Replace one or more missing teeth or just restore a damaged one with a special type of prosthesis that is cemented or bonded to the clinical crown of the teeth. Since it is cemented the patient can not remove this type of prosthesis from the mouth.
definition of the crown
The crown is a cemented extracoronal restoration that covers the outer surface of the clinical crown. It should reproduce the morphology and contours of the tooth while performing its function and also protect the remaining tooth structure from further damage.
Full veneer crown: covers all of the clinical crown
Partial veneer crown: covers only a portion of the clinical crown
definition of fixed partial denture (FPD) or bridge, parts of it and their function
Fixed partial denture or bridge: is a prosthetic appliance, permanently attached to remaining teeth, and replace the missing tooth.

Abutment; the tooth serving as an attachment
Retainer; the restoration cemented to the prepared abutment teeth
Pontic; the artificial tooth suspended from the abutment teeth
Connector; connect the pontic and the retainers
Edentulous ridge; the bone covered by the mucosa at the place of the missing teeth
indication of crowns
When the amount of destruction in the clinical crown is so much that the remaining tooth structure will not retain the amalgam or composite restoration under mastication or other function.
classify crowns according to function
1. Single crown for restoring a damaged or discolored tooth
2. Retainer in bridges
3. Clasp holder for one-piece cast framework prosthesis
4. Telescopic crown
5. Bite increasing
6. Splinting
classify crowns according to material
1. metal
2. ceramic
3. polymer
4. metal-ceramic
5. metal-polymer
define/explain what is the Dowel core or post or post and core.
Restore the damaged crown with a restoration that is cemented in the root canal by the dentist. The shape of the coronal part can duplicate the prepared tooth or the anatomical form
define inlay
Single tooth restoration for occlusal, proximo-occlusal or gingival lesions with minimal to moderate extension.

May be gold alloy (occlusal, proximo-occlusal) or ceramic material (MOD, MO, OD).
From proximal view NO cusp is replaced
define onlay
Modified inlay with occlusal veneer for restoring more extensively damaged posterior teeth, needing wide mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) restoration.

Moderately large lesions of molars and premolars.
From proximal view at least one cusp is replaced
define laminate or facial veneer
is used on an anterior tooth that is usually sound but has esthetic problems (dark). It consist of thin layer of ceramic that is bonded to the facial surface of the tooth with an appropriate resin
The aims of tooth preparation
1. Remove tooth hard tissues
2. The amount of this is depended on the technology used
3. This tooth tissue can be healthy or decayed
4. Define a visible preparation finish line
5. Must have knowledge of the different technologies
the principles / rules of tooth preparation
1. Save tooth hard tissues
2. Make retention and resistance
3. Durability
4. Good marginal closure
5. Protect the periodontal tissues
6. Proper reduction on all surfaces
7. 5-8º converged walls
8. Smooth edges
9. Determined and visible finish line
List the three factors that affect the durability
1. occlusal reduction
2. functional cusp bevelling
3. axial reduction
Advantages of chamfer preparation
1. The preparation is easier
2. Easy to clean
3. Help maintain the periodontal health
4. The finish line is clear for the technician
5. The crown better seat
knife edge preparation
- finish line below the gingiva -> can not clean it
+ esthetically is good
- technician must modify the model -> more time
- incorrect seating
what is the use of rotating instruments?
to form the used materials and tooth hard tissues to the required shape and size
what materials do we use for rotating instruments?
1. Diamonds
formed using electrolytic bonding or sintering

2. Tungsten carbide
not real cutting but scraping, blade angle: 90º

3. Steel
made from stainless steel using cutting machines, blade angle 45º, cutting mechanism

4. Ceramic abrasives
made for shaping ceramic and metal surfaces

5. Polishers
the goal is to reach a smooth shiny durable surface which provides good esthetics, healthy gingival situation and long lasting result