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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ancien Regime
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(Old Regime) France prior to the French Revolution
(French Revolution) |
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Banalities
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Fees that the peasants were obligated to pay to landlords for the use of the village mill, bakeshop, and wine press
(French Revolution) |
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Bastille
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the political prison and armory stormed on July 14, 1789, by Parisian city workers alarmed by the king's concentration of troops in Versailles
(French Revolution) |
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Cahier de Doleances
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list of grievances that each estate drew up in preparation for the summoning of the Estates-General in 1789
(French Revolution) |
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Code Napoleon
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the codification and condensation of laws assuring legal equality and uniformity in France
(French Revolution) |
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Committee of Public Safety
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the leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France, conducted foreign policy, and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795
(French Revolution) |
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Concordat of 1801
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Napoleon's arrangement with Pope Pius VII to heal religious division in France with a united Catholic church under bishops appointed by the French government
(French Revolution) |
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Continental System
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Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods into Europe
(French Revolution) |
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Corvees
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roadworks; an obligation of peasants to landowners
(French Revolution) |
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Coup d'etat
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overthrow of those in power
(French Revolution) |
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Declaration of Pillnitz
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1791
Austria and Russia agreed to intervene in France to end the revolution with the unanimous agreement of the great powers (French Revolution) |
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Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
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August 27, 1789
document that embodied the liberal revolutionary ideals and general principles of the philosophes' writings (French Revolution) |
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Directory
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1795-1799
the five-man executive committee that ruled France in its own interests as a "republic" after Robespierre's execution and prior to Napoleon's coming to power (French Revolution) |
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Estates General
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the French national assembly summoned in 1789 to remedy the financial crisis and correct abuses of the ancien regime
(French Revolution) |
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Great Fear
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the panic and insecurity that struck French peasants in the summer of 1789 and led to their widespread destruction of manor houses and archives
(French Revolution) |
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Jacobins
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the dominant group, headed by Robespierre, in the National Convention in 1793 who replaced the Girondists
(French Revolution) |
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Law of the Maximum
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the fixing of prices on bread and other essentials under Robespierre's rule
(French Revolution) |
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Levee en Masse
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the creation, under the Jacobins, of a citizen army with support from young and old, heralding the emergence of modern warfare
(French Revolution) |
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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1769-1821
Consul and later emperor of France (1799-1815) who established several reforms of the French Revolution during his dictatorial rule (French Revolution) |
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Night of August 4, 1789
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date of the declaration, by liberal noblemen of the National Assembly at a secret meeting, to abolish the feudal regime in France
(French Revolution) |
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Parlement
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law court, staffed by nobles, that could register or refuse a king's edict
(French Revolution) |
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Peninsular War
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1808-1813
Napoleon's long, drawn-out war with Spain (French Revolution) |
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Maximilien Robespierre
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1758-1794
Jacobin leader during the REign of Terror (1793-1794) (French Revolution) |
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Sans-Culottes
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a reference to Parisian workers who wore loose-fitting trousers, rather than the tight-fitting breeches worn by aristocratic men
(French Revolution) |
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Taille
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a direct tax from which most French nobles were exempt
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Tennis Court Oath
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June 20, 1789
declaration, mainly by members of the Third Estate, not to disband until they had drafted a new constitution for France (French Revolution) |
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Treaty of Tilsit
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1807
an agreement between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I (Russia), in which Russia became an ally of France and Napoleon took over the lands of Prussia west of the Elbe, as well as the Polish provinces (French Revolution) |
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First Coalition
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Austria and Prussia
had some leads, but was pushed back in July 1794 when France was under Robespierre's rule (French Revolution) |
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Second Coalition
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Britain and Austria
(French Revolution) |
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Third Coalition
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Bitain, Austria, Russia, and Sweden; formed before Battle of Trafalgar; collapsed with French victory at Austerlitz (December 1805)
(French Revolution) |
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Fourth Coalition
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Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia, cemented by the Quadruple Alliance of the Treaty of Chaumant (1814); defeated Napoleon and exiled him to Elba
(French Revolution) |
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Gracchus Babeuf
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a forerunner of Marxism
(French Revolution) |
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Law of Suspects
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legislation that empowered local revolutionary committees to incarcerate suspected citizens
(French Revolution) |
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Mountain
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the radical Jacobins in the National Convention; led by Robespierre, Marat, and Danton
(French Revolution) |
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Girondists
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the more conservative faction of the National Convention; led by Jacques Brissot
(French Revolution) |
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Hundred Days
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the time in 1815 between Napoleon's return to France and his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo (June)
(French Revolution) |
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Congress of Vienna
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1814-1815
meeting of European statesmen (Castlereagh of England, Alexander I of Russia, Metternich of Austria, Hardenberg of Prussia, and Talleyrand of France) to restore stability in Europe (French Revolution) |
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Edmund Burke
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1729-1797
member of British Parliament who wrote "Reflections on the Revolution in France" (1790), criticizing the underlying principles of the French Revolution and arguing conservatism (French Revolution) |
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Prince Clemens von Metternich
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1773-1873
Austrian member of the nobility and chief architect of conservative policy at the Congress of Vienna (French Revolution) |
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Prince Clemens von Metternich
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1773-1873
Austrian member of the nobility and chief architect of conservative policy at the Congress of Vienna (French Revolution) |
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Quadruple Alliance
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organization of Austria, Britain, Prussia, and Russia to preserve the peace settlement of 1815; France joined in 1818
(French Revolution) |
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Classical Liberalism
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Middle class doctrine based on the Enlightenment, Revolutions, & Scientific Revolution. It aimed for self-government (general will), a written constitution, natural rights, limited suffrage, and laissez-faire
(French Revolution) |
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Abbe Sieyes
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wrote "What is the Third Estate?", criticizing nobles and their priviileges; he later advocated a strong dictatorship, supporting Napoleon
(French Revolution) |
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Abbe Sieyes
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wrote "What is the Third Estate?", criticizing nobles and their priviileges; he later advocated a strong dictatorship, supporting Napoleon
(French Revolution) |
