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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What did the Fertile Crescent have and where was it?
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Between the Persian Gulf anf the Mediterranian Sea, and it had the best farming land in that area.
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Where was the best place to build a village in southeast asia and why?
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The north, because it had streams for water.
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Where was Mesopotamia?
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Between the Tigres and Euphrates rivers.
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Where was Sumer and how were the people in it arranged?
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Sumer was a small group of cities in Southern Mesopotamia with common interests and ways.
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Sumerians fought all the time, but...
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...still managed to build the first civilization.
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Civilization is...
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...a more complex form of culture.
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Sumerians set themselves apart from...
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...neighboring cities.
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First Key Trait: Growth of Cities
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By 3000BC, Sumerians had fair-sized cities. Other places were too small to be considered cities. Cities are not only population but centres of trade. People rely on trade to live.
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Second Key Trait: Specialized Workers
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- Did things that nobody else did.
- Raising food became less work, so specialization became more popular. - Traded their work for other goods. |
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Third Key Trait: Writing
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- Sumer was the first place to have it.
- They wrote in “ceuniform”. - The scribes used styluses to write on wet clay. - The first written symbols were commonly traded objects. - These were called pictographs. - Earliest tablets used 2,000 symbols. - Writing became more efficient; 600 symbols. |
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Fourth Key Trait: Advanced Technology
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- Sumerians invented basic sciences used today.
- Mestopotamians used copper 3000 years before Sumerians. - Sumerians increased copper usage. - Mixed copper and tin to make bronze. - Bronze was stronger; more useful. - After 2800BC in sumer was the "Bronze Age" |
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Fifth Key Trait: Complex Institutions
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- Government was a complex institution.
- Religion gained temples and Priests to manage them. |
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Sumer's Geographical Problems
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- Unpredictable floods and droughts.
- Flat land. - Advantage: Good soil. |
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> The Water Problem <
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- Rain flooded sumer once or more per year.
- Droughts were common. |
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> The Defense Problem <
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- Sumer was small and flat.
- Huts clustered together. - No natural defense. - Thieves struck often. |
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> The Resource Problem <
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- Limited natural resources.
- Invasive plants near water soutces. - Metal, wood, and stone was not common. |
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> T H E S O L U T I O N ! ! ! <
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- Irrigation to water crops.
- Walls made of mud bricks (mud was abundant). - Traded cloth, grain, tools to village people for wood, metal, stone. |