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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
MOA of action of penicillin and cephalosporins
inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking
Bacitracin and Vancomycin MOA
block peptidoglycan synthesis
What drugs block nucldeotide synthesis
Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim
MOA of fluroquinilones
DNA topisomerase inhibitor
MOA of Rifampin
inhibits mRNA synthesis
MOA of metronidazole
Damages DNA
50s ribosomal protein inhibitors
Chloramphenicol
Linezolid
Erythromycin (macrolides)
streptogramins(quinupristin)
Penicillin MOA, Use and ADRs
blocks transpeptidase cross linking of peptidoglycan

gram positives (strep pneumo and pyogenes, syphilis, actinomyces)

ADRs- hemolytic anemia, hypersensitivity
Why is nafcillin penicillinase resistant
bulkier R group
MOA of action of penicillin and cephalosporins
inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking
Bacitracin and Vancomycin MOA
block peptidoglycan synthesis
What drugs block nucldeotide synthesis
Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim
MOA of fluroquinilones
DNA topisomerase inhibitor
MOA of Rifampin
inhibits mRNA synthesis
MOA of metronidazole
Damages DNA
50s ribosomal protein inhibitors
Chloramphenicol
Linezolid
Erythromycin (macrolides)
streptogramins(quinupristin)
30s ribosomal protein synthesis inhibitors
Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides
Penicillin MOA, Use and ADRs
blocks transpeptidase cross linking of peptidoglycan

gram positives (strep pneumo and pyogenes, syphilis, actinomyces)

ADRs- hemolytic anemia, hypersensitivity
Why is nafcillin penicillinase resistant
bulkier R group
Main use for methicillin and nafcillin
Staph
ADRs for methicillin
interstitial nephritis
Clinical Use of Ampicillin/amoxicillin
HELPSS

H. influ
E. Coli
Listeria
Proteus
Salmonella
Shigella

HELPSS kill enterococci
What is use for ticarcillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin
pseudomonas

TCP- takes care of pseudomonas
What can you add to penicillins to make more resistant to penicillinase
CAST

Clavinulic Acid
Azobactam
Tazobactam
ADRs for ampicillin
ampicillin rash
What organisms are not covered by cephalosporins
Listeria, Atypicals (Chlamydia, Mycoplasma) MRSA, Entercocci
1st Generation cephalosporins
cefazolin
cephalexin
2nd Generation cephalosporins
Cefoxitin
Cefuroxine
Cefaclor
3rd generation cephalosporins
Ceftriaxone
cefotaxime
ceftazidime
4th generation cephalosporins
Cefepime
What is Cefepime used for?
increased activity against pseudomonas and gram-positive organisms
What is Ceftazidime used for?
Ceftriaxone?
Pseudomonas

Ceftriaxone-meningitis and gonorrhea

both are 3rd gen
Use for 2nd gen cephalosporins
H. influe
Enterbacter aerogenes
Neisseria
Proteus mirabilis
E. Coli
Klebsiella
Serratia
Use for 1st Gen Cephalosporins
Proteus mirabilis
E. Coli
Klebsiella
Toxicities with cephalosporins
nephrotoxicty esp with aminoglycosides
vitamin K defiency
disulfram reactions (cefamandole)
Monobactam MOA, use, toxicities (Aztreonam)
binds to PB3, resistnat to beta lactames, disrupts cell wall synthesis

Use: gram negative rods only
Useful in PENICILLIN ALLERGY PATIETNS, or those with renal failure or cannot take AMGS
Carbapenems
(impinem, meropenem)

impinem always given with cilastatin(inhibits renal dehydropeptidase I)

Use: life threatening gram positve cocci or gram negative rods

CNS toxicity, GI distress