First Aid Micro, Dt, Important Stuff

Front 1

no cell wall

Back 1

mycoplasma

Front 2

2 gram + coccus

Back 2

staph/ strep

Front 3

gram + rods (5)

Back 3

clostridium
corynebacterium
bacillus
listeria
mycobact.

Front 4

gram + branching filamentous (2)

Back 4

nocardia (weakly acid fast)
actinomyces

Front 5

gram - pleomorphic

Back 5

ricketssiae
chlamydia (giemsa stain)

Front 6

spiral, gram -

Back 6

spirochetes (leptospira, borrelia, treponema)

Front 7

everything else ?

Back 7

gram - enteric

Front 8

Gram stain limitations -- "These Rascals May Microscopically Lack Color "

Back 8

T- treponema - dark field
R- rickettsia - intracellular parasite
M- mycobacteria- acid fast
M - mycoplasma - no cell wall
L- legionella - silver stain
C - chalmydia - no muramic acid in cell wall

Front 9

obligate aerobes - Nagging Pests Must Breathe

Back 9

N- nocardia
P- pseudomonas
M- mycobacteria tb
B- bacillus

Front 10

P. AERuginosa is an AERobe

Back 10

seen in burn wounds, nosocomial pneumonia also in c.f. patients

Front 11

Obligate anaerobes --> Anaerobes - "Cant Breathe Air"

Back 11

C- clostridium
B- bacteroides
A- actinomyces
- foul smelling, and produce gas in tissue

Front 12

what drugs are ineffective against anaerobes?

Back 12

aminglycosides --> require 02 dependt transporter to enter the cell

Front 13

Intracellular bugs - Obligate inctracellular
--> Stay inside cells when its "Really Cold"

Back 13

R- rickettsia
C- chlamydia
--> stay inside b/c cannot make own atp

Front 14

Facultative intracellular - "Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY"

Back 14

S- salmonella
N- neisseria
B- brucella
M- mycobacerium
L- listeria
F- francisella
L- legionella
Y- yersinia

Front 15

Quellung = ?

Back 15

Quellung = "Swellung"

Front 16

which bugs have capsules? "Some Nasties Have Kapsules"

Back 16

S- strep. pneumo
N- neisseria meng.
H- haemophilus
K- Klebsiella
"Some Nasties Have Kapsules"

Front 17

Urease positive bugs..."Particular Kinds Have Urease"

Back 17

P- proteus
K- klebsiella
H- H.pylori
U- ureaplasma
--> "Particular Kinds Have Urease"

Front 18

staph. aureus pigment ? Aureus means what in latin?

Back 18

Aureus = gold in latin
--> yellow pigment

Front 19

how do superantigens work?

Back 19

bind drctly to mhc2 and t-cell receptor simultaneously --> activating large amounts of t-cells --> causing massive release of IFN-gamma y IL-2

Front 20

S. aureus exotoxin?

Back 20

tsst-1 superantigen --> toxic shock syndrome
- exfoliatin --> staph. scaled skin syndrome

Front 21

c.diptheriae toxin ?

Back 21

inactivates elongation factor 2 --> pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in throat

Front 22

lsogeny --> genes that are encoded in a lysogenic package
--> ABCDE

Back 22

A- shigA-like toxin
B- botulinum toxin
C- cholera toxin
D- diptheria
E- erythrogenic toxin of S. pyogenes

Front 23

Gram + --> Cooci --> Catalase + in clusters --> coagulase + ?

Back 23

S. aureus

Front 24

Gram + --> cocci --> Catalase + in clusters (Staphylococcus) --> coagulase (-) --> novobiocin sensitive (?) ; novobiocin resistant (?)

Back 24

novobiocin sensitive --> S. epidermidis
novobiocin resistant --> S. saprophyticus

Front 25

Gram + --> Cocci ---> Catalase (-) in chains ?

Back 25

Streptococcus

Front 26

Gram + --> cocci --> Catalase (-) --> partial hemolysis (=alpha hemolytic, green) --> Capsule (+ quellung) ?

Back 26

Strep Pneumoniae
- optochin sensitive, bile soluble

Front 27

Gram + --> cocci --> Catalase ((-) strep) --> partial hemolysis (alpha hemolytic, green) --> negative quellung (no capsule), optochin resistant?

Back 27

strep. viridans

Front 28

gram + cocci, Catalase (-), Beta hemolytic (clear hemolysis) , bacitracin sensitive --> ?

Back 28

Group A strep --> Strep Pyogenes

Front 29

gram + cocci, catalase (-), Beta hemolytic (clear hemolysis) , bacitracin resistant --?

Back 29

Group B. Strep --> S. agalactiae

Front 30

Gram + cocci, catalase (-), Gamma hemolytic (no hemolysis) ?

Back 30

Enterococcus (E. faecalis)
Peptostreptococcus (anaerobe)

Front 31

Streptococci stain id? "B-BRAS"

Back 31

B- Bacitracin
B- group B strep are
R- resistant
A- group A strep are
S- sensitive

Front 32

why does staph make catalase?

Back 32

b/c staph have more STAFF --> make more catalase
-catalase --> degrades h202 and is product of pmns

Front 33

Staph. aureus

Back 33

-protein A virulence factor, binds Fc-IgG
- tsst superantigen binds MCH2/Tcell receptor
- inflammatory disease
- toxin disease (tsst-1 toxin)
- rapid food poisoning from entertoxins
- mrsa

Front 34

staph. aureus

Back 34

acute bacterial endocarditis, osteomyelitis

Front 35

Staph. epidermidis

Back 35

- infects prosthetic devices/ catheters
- normal skin flora
- contaminates blood cultures

Front 36

Strep. Pneumo --> "S.Penumoniae MOPS are Most OPtochin Sensitive"

Back 36

M-meningitis
O- otitis media in kids
P- pneumonia
S- sinusitis
--> rusty sputum, sepsis in sickle cell anemia, splenectomy

Front 37

Viridans group strep

Back 37

-alpha hemolytic
- mutans = dental caries
- S. Sanguis (blood) --> subacute bacterial endocarditis (lots of blood in the heart)

Front 38

Viridans lives in the mouth b/c?

Back 38

Viridans lives in the mouth b/c its not afraid OF-THE-CHIN (optochin resistant)