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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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STATE THE THREE OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID |
SAVE LIFE, PREVENT FURTHER INJURY, AND PREVENT INFECTION |
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STATE THE METHODS OF CONTROLLING BLEEDING |
DIRECT PRESSURE, ELEVATION, PRESSURE POINTS, AND AS A LAST RESORT TOURNIQUET |
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IDENTIFY AN EXAMPLE OF A PRESSURE POINT |
A PLACE WHERE A MAIN ARTERY TO THE INJURED PART LIES NEAR THE SKIN SURFACE AND OVER A BONE. APPLY PRESURE TO THIS POINT WITH THE FINGERS OR WITH THE HEEL OF THE HAND |
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WHERE ARE THE 11 PRINCIPAL POINTS ON EACH SIDE OF THE BODY (PRESSURE POINTS) |
SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY TEMPLE, FACIAL ARTERY JAW, COMMON CAROTID ARTERY NECK, SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY COLLAR BONE, BRACHIAL ARTERY INNER UPPER ARM, BRACHIAL ARTERY INNER ELBOW, RADIAL/ULNAR ARTERY WRIST, FEMORAL ARTERY UPPER THIGH, ILIAC ARTERY GROIN, POPLITEAL ARTERY KNEE AND ANTERIOR/ POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY ANKLE |
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WHAT IS SHOCK? |
A DISRUPTION OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. |
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DESCRIBE THE SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK. |
VACANT OR LACKLUSTER EYES, SHALLOW OR IRREGULAR BREATHING, COLD, PALE SKIN, NAUSEA, AND WEAK OR ABSENT PULSE. INDIVIDUALS USUALLY FAINT DO TO THE POOR SUPPLY OF OXYGEN TO THE BRAIN. |
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WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS FOR SHOCK? |
TO LAY THE VICTIM FOWN WITH THE FEET ELEVATED 6-12 INCHES. COVER THEM TO MAINTAIN BODY HEAT. REASSURE THE VICTIM IF CONSCIOUS |
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WHAT ARE THE THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF BURNS? |
FIRST DEGREE, SECOND DEGREE AND THIRD DEGREE |
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WHAT IS A FIRST DEGREE BURN? |
MILDEST, PRODUCING REDNESS, INCREASED WARMNESS, TENDERNESS AND MILD PAIN |
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WHAT IS A SECOND DEGREE BURN? |
RED AND BLISTERED SKIN; SEVERE PAIN |
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WHAT IS A THIRD DEGREE BURN? |
DESTROYED TISSUE, SKIN AND BONE IN SEVERE CASES. SEVERE PAIN MAY BE ABSENT DUE TO NERVE ENDINGS BEING DESTROYED |
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DESCRIBETHE SYMPTOMS OF HEAT EXHAUSTION |
SERIOUS DISTURBANCE OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE BRAIN, HEART AND LUNGS. THE SKIN IS COOL, MOIST AND CLAMMY AND THE PUPILS DILATED AND NORMAL OR SUBNORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE. USUALLY THE VICTIM IS SWEATING PROFUSELY. |
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WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS FOR HEAT EXHAUSTION? |
MOVE THE VICTIM TO A COOL OR AIR CONDITIONED AREA; LOOSEN CLOTHING; APPLY COOL WET CLOTHS TO THE HEAD, GROIN AND ANKLES; FAN THE VICTIM; DO NOT ALLOW THE VICTIM TO BECOME CHILLED; IF THE VICTIM IS CONCIOUS, GIVE A SOLUTION OF ONE TEASPOON SALT DISSOLVED IN A LITER OF COOL WATER AND TRANSPORT TO A MEDICAL FACILITY |
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DESCRIBE THE SYMPTOMS OF HEAT STROKE. |
HOT AND/OR DRY SKIN. UNEVEN PUPIL DIALATION, AND A WEAK, RAPID PULSE. |
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WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS OF A HEAT STROKE? |
REDUCE THE HEAT IMMEDIATELY BY DOUSIN THE BODY WITH COLD WATER. APPLY WET, COLD TOWELS TO THE BODY AND MOVE THE VICTIM TO THE COOLEST POSSIBLE PLACE. MAINTAIN AN OPEN AIRWAY. PLACE THE VICTIM ON HIS/HER BACK WITH SHOULDERS RAISED SLIGHTLY. PLACE COLD PACKS OR TOWELS AROUND THE VICTIMS SHOULDERS AND NECK. PLACE ADDITIONAL COLD PACKS ON THE ANKLES AND GROIN AREA. USE FAN IF AVAILABLE. A COLD WATER BATH IS VERY HELPFUL. |
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WHAT IS A OPEN FRACTURE? |
AKA COMPUND; WHEN THERE IS AN OPEN WOUND IN THE TISSUE OR SKIN. THE BONE MAY BE PROTRUDING THROUGH THE SKIN |
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WHAT IS A CLOSED FRACTURE? |
AKA SIMPLE; INTERNAL, WHEN BONE IS BROKEN, BUT THERE IS NO BREAK IN THE SKIN |
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WHAT SHOULD YOU NOT DO WHEN TREATING A VICTIM WITH ELECTRIC SHOCK? |
YOU MUST NOT TOUCH THE VICTIMS BODY, WIRE OR ANY OTHER OBJECT THAT MAY BE CONDUCTING ELECTRICTY |
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WHAT ARE THE PROCEDURES FOR STOPPING ELECTRIC SHOCK. |
1. LOOK FOR THE SWITCH AND TURN OF THE CURRENT IMMEDIATELY *IF YOU CANNOT FIND THE SWITCH, TRY TO REMOVE THE WIRE FROM THE VICTIM WITH A DRY BROOM, HANDLE, BRANCH, POLE, OAR, BOARD OR OTHER NON-CONDUCTING OBJECT. (IT MAY BE POSSIBLE TO USE A DRY ROPE OR DRY CLOTHING TO PULL THE WIRE AWAY FROM THE VICTIM |
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WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS TO ELECTRIC SHOCK? |
ADMINISTER ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER FREEING THE PERSON FROM THE WIRE IF THE ELECTRIC SHOCK CAUSED BREATHING TO STOP. CHECK THE PULSE SINCE ELECTRIC SHOCK MAY CAUSE THE HEART TO STOP IF YOU FEEL NO PULSE, START CPR IMMEDIATELY AND GET THE VICTIM TOA MEDICAL FACILITY IMMEDIATELY. |
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DESCRIBE THE METHODS FOR CLEARING AN OBSTRUCTED AIRWAY. |
1. CLEAR THE MOUTH OF ANY FOOD PARTICLES, FOREIGN OBJECTS OR LOOSE DENTURES. *IF NOT EFFECTIVE USE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING METHODS A. GRASP YOUR WRIST AND PLACE THE THUMB SIDE OF YOUR FIST AGAINST THE VICTIMS ABDOMEN ABOVE THE NAVEL AND JUST BELOW THE RIB CAGE. GIVE 4 QUICK THRUST TO THE VICTIM. B. RECLINING ABDOMINAL THRUSTS ARE USED IF THE VICTIM IS LYING DOWN. POSITION YOURSELF FOR THE THRUST BY EITHER STRADDLING THE VICTIM AT THE HIPS, STRADDLING ONE LEG, OR KNEELING AT THE HIPS. PLACE YOUR HANDS ONE ON TOP OF THE OTHER IN THE AREA BETWEEN THE LOWER END OF THE STERNUM AND THE NAVEL AND GIVE 4 QUIK UPWARD THRUSTS INTO THE ABDOMEN |
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HOW MANY THRUSTS ARE RECOMMENDED BY AMERICAN RED CROSS? |
5 THRUSTS |
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HOW MANY THRUSTS ARE RECOMMENDED BY AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION? |
4 THRUSTS |
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DESCRIBE THE SYMPTOMS OF HYPOTHERMIA. |
THE VICTIM MAY APPEAR PALE AND UNCONSCIOUS, AND EVEN BE TAKEN FOR DEAD. BREATHING IS SLOW AND SHALLOW, PULSE FAINT OR EVEN UNDECTABLE. THE BODY TISSUES FEEL SEMI-RIGID AND THE AREMS AND LEGS MAY FEEL STUFF |
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WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS TO HYPOTHERMIA? |
BRING THE BODY TEMPERATURE BACK TO NORMAL; THE PATIENT SHOULD BE WRAAPED IN WARM BLANKETS IN A WARM ROOM. DO NOT GIVE HIM HOT DRINKS OR OTHER STIMULANTS UNTIL HE HAS REGAINED CONSCIOUSNESS |
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DESCRIBE SYMPTOMS OF SUPERFICIAL FROSTBITE. |
ICE CRYSTALS FORMING IN THE UPPER SKIN LAYERS AFTER EXPOSURE TO A TEMPERATURE OF 32 DEGREES OR LOWER |
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DESCRIBE SYMPTOMS OF DEEP FROSTBITE. |
ICE CRYSTALS FORMING IN THE DEEPER TISSUES AFTER EXPOSURE TO A TEMPERATURE OF 32 DEGREES OR LOWER. |
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WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS OF DEEP FROSTBITE? |
GET VICTIM INDOORS, REWARM THE AREA BY PLACING THEM IN WARM WATER OR WITH HOT WATER BOTTLES. OTHER METHODS INCLUDE THEM UNDER THE ARMPITS, AGAINST THE ABDOMEN OR BETWEEN THE LEGS OF A FRIEND. NEVER RUB THE FROSTBITE AREA. |
