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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens at about 113 degrees fahrenheit? |
Skin death and injury occur as the applied heat exceeds the body ability to disperse the heat. |
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How to evaluate a thermal burn |
1. Determine the degree of the burn. 2. Determine the extent of of burn, how much body surface the burn covers. 3. Determine which parts of the body are burned 4. Determine respiratory involvement 5. Determine if other injuries or preexisting medical conditions exist or if person is older than 55 or under 5 5. Determine severity |
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B.S.A. |
Total Body Surface Area. The entire head is 9%, one complete arm is 9%, the front torso is 18%, the complete back is 18%, and each leg is 18%. Children the head is 18% and each leg is 14% |
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The rule of the palm |
Indicates that a persons palm surface represents 1% of the BSA |
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Determining respiratory involvement with burn |
1. Burns around nose/mouth 2. Breathing difficulty 3. Hoarseness, Wheezing, Coughing 4. Coughing that expels sooty substance 5. Swollen nostrils or throat |
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Respiratory damage |
May be present even with no burn to the skin. Swelling occurs in 2 to 24 hours, restricting or completely shutting the airways. |
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What to do for burns |
1. Immerse in cool or cold water 2. Give ibuprofen (antibacterial ointment if blistering, or aloe vera is not blistering) |
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Minor burns |
1. First degree and covering less than 50% 2. Second degree covering less than 10% |
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Moderate Burns |
1. 1st degree covering more than 50% 2. 2nd degree covering 15% to 30% in adults 3. 2nd degree cover 10% to 20% in children and older adults 4. 3rd degree covering up to 10% in adults |
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Critical Burns |
1. 2nd covering more than 30% in adults 2. 2nd covering more than 20% children/older adults 3. 3rd degree covering more than 10% in adults 4. 3rd degree covering more than 2% in child/older adult 5. 3rd degree of hands, face, eyes, feet, or genitalia |
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For burns DO NOT |
1. Remove stuck clothes, cut around 2. Apply cold over large burn for prolonged time 3. Use icepack or ice water (only 10 to 15 min if only source of cold) 4. Apply grease, butter, cream 5. Cover a first degree burn |
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Scald Burns |
Result of contact with hot liquids |
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Immersion burns |
an area of body is fully immersed in a hot liquid |
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Spill Burn |
when a liquid pulls, drops, or is thrown on a person |
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Most common burn |
Sunburn, reaction begins 2 to 8 hours after UV exposure |
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What to do for sunburn |
Cool compresses for up to 45 minute, cool showers, aloe vera and lotions containing benzocaine. |
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If a chemical burn happens in workplace what should you do |
send someone to check the safety data sheet for the hazards material, and the first aid procedures. |
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What to do for chemical burns |
1. Brush of dry or powder chemical (remove clothing if liquid) 2. Flush burn immediately with large amounts of cool water for at least 20 min 3. call 9111 4. for eyes, tilt head back and rinse with warm water |
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Three types of electrical burn |
thermal burn (flame), arc burn (flash), and truce electricity burn (contact) |
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A thermal burn |
will result when clothing or objects in direct contact with skin are ignited by an electric current. |
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An arc burn |
occurs when electricity jumps from one spot to another |
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A true electricity current |
happens when an electric current passes directly through the body. Characterized by an entrance wound and exit wound. |
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Contact with outdoor power line |
The power must be turned off before first aid approaches if power line is across vehicle, tell person to stay in car until power off unless car is on fire. |
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If you feel tingling sensation in legs when approaching |
then turn around, you are on energized ground. |
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Contact inside building |
1. Turn off electricity at the fuse box 2. check breathing (cpr if none) 3. cover burns with dressing is 3rd degree |
