First Aid Autonomics Pharm

Front 1

Bethanecol (class and application)

Back 1

direct cholinomimetic, postop and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention;

Front 2

Bethanecol (class and action)

Back 2

direct cholinomimetic; Activates Bowel and Bladder smooth muscle; resistant to AChE

Front 3

Carbachol (class and application)

Back 3

direct cholinomimetic, glaucoma,

Front 4

Carbachol (class and action)

Back 4

direct cholinomimetic, activates ciliary muscle of the eye (open angle glaucoma), pupillary sphincter (narrow angle); resistant to ACHE

Front 5

pilocarpine (class, application)

Back 5

direct cholinomimetic, glaucoma,

Front 6

pilocarpine (class, action)

Back 6

direct cholinomimetic, activates ciliary muscle of the eye (open angle glaucoma), pupillary sphincter (narrow angle); resistant to ACHE

Front 7

Neostigmine (class, application)

Back 7

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); postop and nuerogenic ileus and urinary retention, myesthenia gravis, reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade (postop)

Front 8

Neostigmine (class, action)

Back 8

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); increased endogenous Ach

Front 9

Pyridostigmine (class, application)

Back 9

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); myesthenia gravis

Front 10

Pyridostigmine (class, action)

Back 10

indirect chlinomimetic (anticholinesterase); increased endogenous Ach; increased strength

Front 11

Edrophonium (class, application)

Back 11

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); dx of myesthenia gravis (very short acting)

Front 12

Edrophonium (class, action)

Back 12

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); increased endogenous Ach

Front 13

Physostigmine (class, application)

Back 13

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); glaucoma (crosses BBB) and atropine overdose

Front 14

Physostigmine (class, action)

Back 14

indirect cholinomimetic (anitcholinesterase); increased endogenous Ach

Front 15

Echothiophate (class, application)

Back 15

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); glaucoma

Front 16

Echothiophate (class, action)

Back 16

indirect cholinomimetic (anticholinesterase); increased endogenous Ach

Front 17

Symptoms of Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

Back 17

DUMB BELSS - Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, Lacrimation, Sweating and Salivation (also abdominal cramping)

Front 18

What are parathion and organophosphates?

Back 18

cholinesterase inhibitors that are likely to poison you

Front 19

What is the antidote to cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning?

Back 19

atropine (muscarinic antag) plus pralidoxime (chem antagonist used to regenerate active cholinesterase)

Front 20

Atropine (class, site of action, application)

Back 20

Cholinoreceptor blocker (muscarinic antag); Eye, produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

Front 21

tropicamide (class, site of action, application)

Back 21

Cholinoreceptor blocker; Eye, produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

Hint 21

None

Front 22

Benztropine (class, site of action, application)

Back 22

cholinoreceptor blocker; CNS; Parkinson's

Front 23

Scopolamine (class, site of action, application)

Back 23

Cholinoreceptor blocker; CNS; Motion Sickness

Front 24

Ipratropium (class, site of action, application)

Back 24

Cholinoreceptor blocker; Respiratory; Asthma, COPD

Front 25

Methscopolamine (class, site of action, application)

Back 25

Cholinoreceptor blocker; Genitourinary; Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms

Front 26

oxbutin (class, site of action, application)

Back 26

Cholinoreceptor blocker; Genitourinary; Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms

Front 27

Glycopyrrolate (class, site of action, application)

Back 27

Cholinoreceptor blocker; Genitourinary; Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms

Front 28

Actions of Atropine

Back 28

Blocks SLUD (Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation) also pupil dilation and cycloplegia

Front 29

ADR of Atropine

Back 29

hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter. Also rapid pulse, constipation. Can cause glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in BPH pts, and hyperthermia in infants

Front 30

Hexamethonium (MOA and application)

Back 30

Nicotinic Ach receptor antagonist; ganglionic blocker, prevents vagal reflex responses to changes in BP (for experimental models)

Front 31

Epinephrine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 31

catecholamine, direct general agonist (a1, a2, b1, b2), anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle), asthma, hypotension

Front 32

NE (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 32

catecholamine, a1, a2, b1; hypotension (but decreased renal perfusion)

Front 33

Isoproterenol (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 33

catecholamine, b1 = b2; AV block (rare)

Front 34

Dopamine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 34

catecholamine, D1 = D2 > b > a, shock (increased renal perfusion), heart failure

Front 35

Dobutamine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 35

catecholamine, b1 > b2, shock, heart failure

Front 36

Amphetamine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 36

sympathomimetic, indirect general agonist (releases stored catecholamines); narcolepsy, obesity, ADD

Front 37

Ephedrine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 37

sympathomimetic, indirect general agonist (releases stored catecholamines); nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension

Front 38

Phenylephrine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 38

sympathomimetic, a1 > a2, pupil dilator, vasoconstriction, nasal decongestion

Front 39

Albuterol (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 39

sympathomimetic, b2 > b1, asthma

Front 40

Terbutaline (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 40

sympathomimetic, b2 > b1, asthma

Front 41

Cocaine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 41

sympathomimetic, indirect general agonist (uptake inhibitor), causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

Front 42

Clonidine (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 42

sympathomimetic, centrally acting a-agonist, decreased central adrenergic outflow; hypertension, especially with renal dz (no decreas in renal perfusion)

Front 43

a-methyldopa (class, selectivity, applications)

Back 43

sympathomimetic, centrally acting a-agonist, decreased central adrenergic outflow; hypertension, especially with renal dz (no decreas in renal perfusion)

Front 44

Phenoxybenzamine (class, application, toxicity)

Back 44

nonselective, irreversible a-blocker, pheochromocytoma; tox: orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Hint 44

None

Front 45

Phentolamine (class, application, toxicity)

Back 45

nonselective, reversible a-blocker; pheochromocytoma, tox: orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Front 46

Prazosin (class, application, toxicity)

Back 46

a1 blocker; HTN, urinary retention in BPH; tox: 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

Front 47

Terazosin (class, application, toxicity)

Back 47

a1 blocker; HTN, urinary retention in BPH; tox: 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

Front 48

Doxazosin (class, application, toxicity)

Back 48

a1 blocker; HTN, urinary retention in BPH; tox: 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

Front 49

Mirtazapine (class, application, toxicity)

Back 49

a2 blocker; Depression; tox: sedation, increased serum cholesterol, increased appetite

Front 50

How do beta blockers work to treat HTN?

Back 50

decreased cardiac output, decreased renin secretion

Front 51

How do beta blockers work to treat angina?

Back 51

decreased HR and CTY, resulting in decreased O2 consumption

Front 52

How do beta blockers work to treat MI?

Back 52

beta blockers decrease mortality

Front 53

How do beta blockers work to treat SVT? Which ones?

Back 53

decreased AV conduction velocity (propanolol, esmolol)

Front 54

How do beta blockers work to treat CHF?

Back 54

slows progression of chronic failure

Front 55

How do beta blockers work to treat glaucoma (which one)?

Back 55

decreased secretion of aqueous humor (timolol)

Front 56

What are the toxicities of beta blockers?

Back 56

impotence, exacerbation of asthma, CV (bradycardia, AV block, CHF), CNS (sedation, sleep alterations), use w/caution in DM

Front 57

Which beta blockers are partial agonsists?

Back 57

pindolol, labetolol

Front 58

Which beta blockers are b1 selective?

Back 58

A BEAM (Acebutolol Betaxolol Esmolol Atenolol Metoprolol

Front 59

MOA of Epi for glaucoma? Side effects?

Back 59

a-agonist, increased outflow of aqueous humor; ADR: mydriasis, stinging, NOT FOR CLOSED ANGLE

Front 60

MOA of Brimonidine for glaucoma? Side effects?

Back 60

a-agonist, decreased aqueous humor synth; no visual adr

Front 61

MOA of beta blockers in glaucoma? Side effects?

Back 61

decreased aqueous humor secretion; no visual adr

Front 62

MOA of acetazolamide for glaucoma? Adr?

Back 62

decreased aqueous humor secretion due to decreased HCO3- (via CA inhibition); no visual adr

Front 63

MOA of cholinomimetics for glaucoma? Adr? (name some)

Back 63

increased outflow of aqueous humor; contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular network; ADR: miosis, cyclospasm (pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate)

Front 64

MOA of latanoprost in glaucoma? Adr?

Back 64

PGF2alpha agonist, increases outflow of aqueous humor; ADR: darkens color of iris