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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name five of the leading causes of injury-related deaths.
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Work-related injuries, homicides, falls, motor-vehicle incidents, accidents with machinery, and electrocution.
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What is a bruise and how do you treat it?
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A bruise is a closed wound and can be treated with direct pressure, elevation, and an ice pack.
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Name the four types of open wounds and their symptoms.
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Abrasion - skin is rubbed or scraped away; victim should complain of pain.
Laceration - Cuts bleed freely; deeper cuts bleed severely. Avulsion - part of the body is torn away or torn off. Puncture - doesn't usually bleed a lot but can be severely infected; is something of a hole. |
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How do you care for an open wound? (detailed answer, please)
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Use gloves: put a sterile dressing on the wound. Apply direct pressure for a few minutes, wash thoroughly with clean running tap water for at least five minutes, apply ointment, and cover wound.
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Name three causes of burns.
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Heat, chemicals, and electricity.
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Name three types of burns and their symptoms.
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Superficial burns - skin is red and dry and may swell.
Partial thickness burns - skin is red and has blisters that may open up, maybe wet, mottled, and swollen. Full thickness burns - may be brown or black with tissue underneath appearing white. |
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How do you care for burns, in general?
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Call 911 (or your emergency line), check scene for safety, remove person from source of burn, check for life-threatening situations, cool burn with large amounts of COLD running water until pain is relieved, prevent infection, minimize shock, and comfort person.
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How do you treat an embedded object?
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Don't remove it, bandage "bulky dressings" around object to keep it from moving, bandage dressing in place and minimize shock.
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How do you treat a nose bleed?
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Have the victim sit leaning ford a little, pinch nostrils for ten minutes, and apply ice to the bride of the victim's nose.
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What are four types of injuries to muscles and bones?
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Fracture, dislocation, sprains, and strains.
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What does RICE stand for?
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Rest
Immobilize Cold Elevate |
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Describe the functions of RICE.
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Rest - don't move or straighten
Immobilize - stabilize injured area in position found. Cold - wrap ice or a plastic bag with a damp cloth and apply ice to injured area for twenty minutes. Elevate - elevate the injured area unless it causes more pain. |
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If you injure a joint, what do you immobilize?
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You immobilize the injured area, the joint in this case.
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If you injure a bone, what do you immobilize?
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You immobilize the injured area, the bone in this case.
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What are some symptoms of bone or muscle injury?
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Significant deformity, bruising, swelling, inability to use affected part normally, bone fragments sticking out of a wound, victim feels bones grating, heard snap or felt it at time of injury, injured area is cold and numb and/or cause of injury suggests severe injury.
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What are the three types of splints? Explain each.
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Anatomic Splint - keeps legs together.
Soft Splint - keeps injured area cushioned. Rigid Splint - gives support to injured area. |
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What are the five symptoms of a head, neck, or back injury?
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1. Severe pain in head, neck, or back.
2. Seizures 3. Nausea or vomiting 4. Loss of balance 5. Persistent Headache |
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Name six possible REASONS for sudden illness.
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Fainting, Stroke, Poisoning, Seizure, Diabetic Emergency, Allergic Reaction.
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Name six SIGNALS of sudden illness.
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Sweating, Diarrhea, Paralysis or Inability to move, Seizures, Blurred or Loss of vision, Numbness/Weakness.
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What does FAST stand for?
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Face
Arm Speech Time |
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How do you treat sudden illness in general?
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Call 911, check scene and person, monitor breathing and consciousness, help person into comfortable position, reassure the person, keep them at a moderate temperature, and give any specific care needed.
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How do you care for bites or stings?
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Remove stinger (if there even is a stinger), wash sites with soap and water, cover site and keep it clean, apply cold pack, and watch person for allergic reactions.
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What are the three heat-related emergencies and how do you treat them?
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Cramps -cool person down, call 911, check breathing and pulse.
Exhaustion -see note on cramps. Stroke - see note on cramps. |
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What are the two types of cold related emergencies and how do you treat them?
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Hypothermia - Move person to warm place, monitor airway, and dry person.
Frostbite - Get person out of cold, handle gently, warm gently, loosely bandage, place gauze between toes, don't break blisters, call 911, and prevent hypothermia. |
