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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_____ the process of introducing air into the foam solution.
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Aeration
pg 299 pump ops |
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A ___ ____ depicts the elements needed fo produce finished foam.
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Foam Tetrahedron
pg 299 pump ops |
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The foam tetrahedron includes what parts? (4)
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1. Water
2. Foam Concentrate 3. Air 4. Mechanical Agiation pg 299 pump ops |
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Foams come in two basic types:
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1. Chemical Foams
2. Mechanical Foams pg 299 pump ops |
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_____ ___ ___ ____ is the time required for a foam blanket to spread out across a fuel surface.
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Knockdown Speed and Flow
pg 300 pump ops |
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___ ___-___ is the absorption of the burning fuel into the foam itself.
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Fuel pick-up
pg 301 pump ops |
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_____ is the ability to shed hydrocarbons.
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Aleophobic
pg 301 pump ops |
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Firefighting foam is classified as either _____ or _____.
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Class A or Class B
pg 301 pump ops |
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______ foams are used on ordinary combustible materials such as wood, textiles, and paper.
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Class A foam
pg 301 pump ops |
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Class A foam manufacturers state that these wetting agents can extinguish fire in Class A materials as much as ___ times faster than water.
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20 times faster
pg 301 pump ops |
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_____ foams are used on hydrocarbon, combustible fuels, or polar solvent fires.
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Class B Foams
pg 302 pump ops |
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Class B foams are divided into the following categories: (3)
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1. Protein Foams
2. Fluoroprotein Foams 3. Alcohol-resistant film-forming fluoroprotein Foam (AR-FFFP) pg 302 pump ops |
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_____-______ foams are highly effective in confined space firefighting operations and in areas where access is limited or entry is dangerous to fire fighters, such as basements, shipboard compartments, warehouses, aircraft hangers, adn mine shafts.
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High-Expansion Foam
pg 304 pump ops |
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Foam concentrate ratios vary from __ to __%. The amount of concentrate varis depending on the manufacturer, the type of application, and the the type of fuel.
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1 to 6 %
pg 305 pump ops |
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The ___ ___ ___ is the ratio of finished foam to foam solution after the concentrate is mixed with water, agitated, and aspirated through a foam making appliance.
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Foam Expansion Rate
pg 305 pump ops |
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Which NFPA classifies foam concentrate into three expansion ranges?
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NFPA 11
pg 305 pump ops |
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What are the three expansion ranges for foam concentrate?
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1. Low expansion
2. Medium expansion 3. High expansion pg 305 pump ops |
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_____-_____ foam has a foam expansion ratio of up to 20:1. This type of foam is primarily for use on flammable and combustible liquids.
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Low-Expansion
pg 305 pump ops |
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Foams with expansion ratios between ___ and ___ have been found to produce the optimal foam blanket for vapor mitigation of highly reactive chemicals and low-boiling-point organics.
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30:1 to 55:1
pg 305 pump ops |
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_____-_____ foam has a foam expansion ratio in the range of 200:1 to 1000:1. This type of foam is designed for confined space firefighting.
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High-Expansion Foam
pg 305 pump ops |
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A ____ _____ is the device that mixes the foam concentrate into fire streams in the proper percentage.
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Foam Proportioner
pg 306 pump ops |
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____ ____ is the process of pouring foam concentrate directly into the fire apparatus water tank, thereby mixing a large amount of foam at one time.
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Batch mixing
pg 306 pump ops |
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What are the problems associated with batch mixing: (4)
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1. The foam solution is corrosive to the apparatus pipes, pump, and water tank
2. Ir is difficult to adjust and maintain the correct application rate. 3. The addition of foam solution may cause the gauges to become inaccurate and overflow the water tank with foam when the pump is recirculating the mixture 4. Class A foam concetrates that are batch mixed must be used with in 24 hours to be effictive. pg 306 pump ops |
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_____ involves the use of an eductor to introduce the appropriate amount of foam concentrate into a stream of water flowing from a discharge.
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Induction
pg 308 pump ops |
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An _____ is an appliance that uses the Venturi principle to induce foam concentrate into the water stream.
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An Eductor
pg 308 pump ops |
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There are two types of eductors used in the fire service today, they are:
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1. In-line eductors
2. Bypass eductors pg 308 pump ops |
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Most eductors are calibrated to flow the rated capacity at ___ pounds per squar inche inlet pressure.
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200 psi inlet pressure
pg 308 pump ops |
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Eductors are avalable for delivering flow rates of __,__,__,___,and___GPMs. The nozzle used with the ststem must match the flow rating of the eductor.
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30,60,95,125,and 250
pg 308 pump ops |
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The ____ ____ controls the flow of concentrate into the eductor.
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Metering Device.
pg 308 pump ops |
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Metering valves have adjustable settings that range from ___ to ___%.
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0 to 6%
pg 308 pump ops |
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The eductor is attached to the hose line no more than ___' from the nozzle----a placement that makes it easy to set up and take down.
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150' from the nozzle
pg 309 pump ops |
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If the eductor is operated at less than recommended inlet pressure, a lower flow of water will go through the eductor. This lower flow of water will, in turn, result i a _____ _______ of foam concentrate being introduced into the water stream.
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High percentage
pg 309 pump ops |
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If the inlet pressure to the eductor exceeds the pressure recommended by the manufacturer, A higher inlet pressure at teh eductor will cause the foam solution to have a _____ _____ of concentrate.
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Lower Percentage
pg 309 pump ops |
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An _____-___-____ _______ sytem operates on teh same principle as the in-line or bypass eductor system. It diverts a portion of the water pump's output from the discharge side of the pump and sends it through an eductor.
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An Around-the-Pump Proportioning system (AP system)
pg 309 pump ops |
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The AP system offers several advantages over other foam creation methodes: (5)
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1. The process used for engaging the pump is the same for water or foam operations
2. The variable flow discharge rate allows for adjustment of the foam depending on teh specific application 3. Variable pressure operation are possible, usually within a range of 125psi to 250 psi 4. There are no backpressure restrictions, because the system is not affected by hose length or elevation loss. 5. There are no nozzle restrictions because the system will operate with any size of fixed-gallon nozzles pg 309 pump ops |
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AP systems have certain limitaitons, such as, the maximum inlet pressure to the water pump cannot be more than ___ psi. Any pressure greater than this will affect the operation of the eductor.
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10 psi
pg 309 pump ops |
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______-______ systems are extremely versatile and accurate means to deliver foam. In fact it is the most common methode used for foam system application in today's fire service.
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Balanced-Pressure Systems
pg 311 pump ops |
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Balanced-Pressure systems uses a ______-_____ pressure control valve to sense and balance the pressure in the foam concentrate and water lines to the propertioner.
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Diaphragm-Type Pressure Control Valve
ph 311 pump ops |
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A _____ ______ is a device required for each foam out-let to proportion the correct amount of foam concentrate into the water stream over a wide range of flows and with minimal pressure loss in balanced-pressure systems.
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Ratio controller
pg 311 |
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A ____ ___ at the pump panel allows the driver operator to monitor the foam concentrate and water pressures. The pressures should be balanced---- a feat that is achieved automatically bu the balanced pressure system.
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Duplex Gauge
pg 313 pump ops |
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______ systems use an electrically operated, variable speed foam concentrate pump that directly injects foam concentrate into the discharge side of the pump manifold.
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Injection Systems
pg 313 pump ops |
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On injection systems, a control unit located at the pump panel allows driver operator to operate the foam system. It also allows the driver operator to monitor the following: (4)
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1. The water flow rate
2. Concentrate injection percentage 3. Total amount of water flowed 4. Total amount of concentrate used pg 313 pump ops |
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A _____-___ ___ system combines compressed air and a foam solution to create the finished foam.
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Compressed-air foam system
pg 314 pump ops |
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Nozzles are an important part of all foam operations. The proper nozzle is needed for fire fighters to be able to produce a good-quality foam blanket. The following types of nozzles are available: (5)
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1. Medium-and High-expansion generators
2. Master stream foam nozzles 3. Air-aspirating foam nozzles 4. Smooth-bore nozzles 5. Fog nozzles pg 317 pump ops |
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______ _______ operate similarly to a water-aspirating generator. The difference is that it is electrically powered by a fan.
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Mechanical Generator
pg 317 pump ops |
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__________ nozzles are the nozzle of choice when using CAFS.
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Smoth-Bore Nozzles
pg 317 pump ops |
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Fog nozzles can be used to produce finished foam. The problem with using these types of nozzle is that they do not ?
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Provide the best aeration of the foam solution
pg 317 pump ops |
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Typically, protien concentrate has a shelf life in the range of ___ to ___ years. Synthetic concentrates and high expansions concentrates have a shelf life of ___ to ___ years.
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Protein foam shelf life is 7 to 10 years
Synthetic and High Expansion shelf life is 20 to 25 pg 319 pump ops |
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The ______ ______ should be used only on a pool of flammable product that is on open ground. Foam is placed on the fuel surface by directing the foam stream on to the ground in front of the product involved. The foam will then be rolled onto the surface of the surface of the material involved.
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Sweep (Roll-on) Method
pg 319 pump ops |
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The _____ method is employed at fires where the fire fighter can use an object to deflect the foam stream and let it flow down the burning surface.
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Bankshot (bankdown) Method
pg 321 pump ops |
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The ____ _____ can be used when there is no vertical object to use for a bankshot and it would be too dangerous to get close and use the the roll-on method of foam application. The foam application technique consists of lofting the foaqm stream into the air above the material and letting it fall gently down onto the surface.
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Raindown Method
pg 322 pump ops |
