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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Incident Action Plan |
The objectives reflecting the overall strategy, tactics, risk management, and member safety that are developed by The Incident Commander. Incident Action plans are updated throughout the incident |
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Base |
The location at which the primary Logistics functions are coordinated and administered. The incident command post may be located with the base. There's only one base per incident |
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Defensive operation |
Conduct of suppression operations Outside the Fire structure - these operations feature the use of large-capacity fire streams placed between the fire and the exposures to prevent fire extension |
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Flow path |
The volume between an inlet and an exhaust that allows the movement of heat and smoke from a higher pressure area within the fire area toward lower pressure areas accessible via doors, windows, and other openings |
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Fuel Limited |
Fire in a compartment or building that has adequate Air Supply. Without intervention, all of the fuel will be consumed by the fire |
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Initial rapid intervention crew |
Two members from the initial attack crew who are assigned for Rapid deployment to rescue lost or trapped members |
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Legacy dwellings |
Single family dwellings constructed before 1980 |
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Lobby control officer |
The Fire officer who controls the entry and exit of both civilians and firefighters in the lobby at a high-rise fire incident - this officer also oversees the use of the elevators, operates the local building communication system, and assists in the control of the Heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems |
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Modern dwellings |
Single-family dwellings constructed since 1980 - they are typically larger structures with an open house geometry, lightweight construction materials, and exceptionally increased fuel load |
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Offensive operation |
An advance Into the Fire building by firefighters with hose lines or other extinguishing agents to overpower the fire |
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Personnel accountability report |
A systematic method of accounting for all Personnel at an emergency incident |
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Rapid intervention crew |
A dedicated crew of four firefighters who are assigned for Rapid deployment to rescue lost or trapped members |
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Service branch |
A major division within the logistics section of the ICS - it oversees the communications, medical, and food units |
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Size up |
A systematic process of gathering and processing information to evaluate the situation and then Translating that information into a plan to deal with the situation |
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Stairwell support group |
A group of firefighters who moved equipment and water supply hose lines up and down the stairwells at a high-rise fire incident. The stairwell support unit leader reports to the support Branch director or Logistics section chief |
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Support branch |
A major division within the logistics section of the ICS - it oversees the supply, facilities, and ground support units |
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Transitional operation |
A situation in which an operation is changing or preparing to change |
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Ventilation Limited |
Fire in a compartment or building that has inadequate Air Supply. It will flare up when air is introduced into the compartment |
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Recent full-size fire experiments have shown what about modern fires |
They are ventilation limited, resulting in a different time temperature curve than had been used for 100 years |
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Why does operations conducted in the flow path Place firefighters at significant risk |
Due to increased flow of fire, heat, and smoke toward their position |
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What is a fire company considered |
A basic Tactical Unit for Emergency Operations, with the Fire officer in the role of a working supervisor |
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How must emergency incident operations be conducted |
In a structured and consistent manner |
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Command Staff assignments include |
The safety officer, liaison officer, and Pio |
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The initial size up for an incident begins with what or who |
Dispatch. The name, location, and reported nature of the incident all help the fire officer anticipate what might be happening at the scene |
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The ability to size up a fire situation quickly requires both |
A systematic approach and a solid foundation of reference information |
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Chief Lloyd Layman's five-step process for analyzing emergency situations |
Facts - probabilities - situation - decision - plan of operation |
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The National Fire Academy has developed a size up system that includes three phases |
Pre-incident information - initial size-up of an ongoing cycle |
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What is a key factor of size Up When selecting the appropriate strategic mode |
Risk-benefit analysis |
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What is needed to extinguish the fire |
The volume of Applied water must be sufficient to absorb the heat that is being released. The estimated fire flow is an approximation of the rate of water application that would be required to control a fire in a particular building or section of a building |
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After size up, The Incident Commander develops an incident Action plan based on |
Incident priorities |
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The three basic priorities for an incident Action Plan are |
Life Safety, incident stabilization, and property conservation |
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What is used to develop the incident Action Plan |
Tactical priorities provide a list and an order of priority for dealing with these priorities. The tactical priorities and the information obtained at the size of are used to develop the incident Action Plan |
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The standard term Mayday is used to indicate what |
That a firefighter is lost, missing, or in life-threatening Danger |
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What happens when the Incident Commander requests a par |
Each Fire officer physically verifies that all assigned members are present and confirms this information to The Incident Commander |
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When operating as incident Commander, the Fire officer has an even greater level of responsibility because The Incident Commander is responsible for |
Every company on the scene and for management of the overall operation |
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Tactical priorities are subdivided into tasks and assigned to companies. Tasks are what |
Specific assignments that are typically performed by one company or a small number of companies working together |
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The resources assigned to an incident vary greatly and are influenced by what |
History, tradition, and budgets |
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Where do most civilian fire deaths occur |
One and two family dwellings |
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Low-rise multifamily dwellings that have been built since the 1980s are often what type of construction |
Type 5 - wood frame - Construction , with lightweight wood truss components in the floors and roof |
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A high-rise structure fire requires what |
More firefighters and an expanded incident command system |
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Two companies involved in full-scale structure fire experiments |
National Institute of Standards and technology and Underwriters Laboratories |
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Who came up with standard time temperature curve |
American Society for testing and materials |
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What does the standard time temperature curve test |
Testing a building partitions and floors for fire resistance |
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What is fuel Limited |
Without intervention the fire will consume all of the fuel inside a room |
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What is ventilation Limited |
Resulting in a different time temperature curve ventilation limited fires are modern fires where oxygen is a factor. as oxygen level within the structure is deleted, the fire and heat release from the fire decreases, with the heat released from the fire decreases and as a result the temperature decreases,. |
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What happens when a vent is open in a ventilation limited fire |
Oxygen is introduced - oxygen mixes with the heated gases in the structure in the energy level begins to increase. This change in ventilation can result in a rapid increase in fire growth potentially leading to flashover |
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Stephen Kerber distinguishes four factors in modern dwellings |
Larger homes - open house geometries - increased fuel load - new construction materials |
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What is open Geometry modern homes |
Reduces compartmentalization it allows more air to support rapid fire propagation. The rate of heat released by burning contents is exponentially higher. |
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How to go from a ventilation limited fire to a fuel limited fire |
Application of water |
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How delay flash over in a ventilation limited fire |
Control the access door to restrict the introduction of air into the fire room |
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What is softening the target |
Applying 30-90 seconds of water into the compartment dramatically reduces the fire development and improve conditions |
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How big of a hole need to be cut reduce the temperature in ventilation limited structure fires |
You cannot make it big enough ventilation hole to localize fire growth or reduce temperatures in ventilation limited structure fires |
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Why are operations conducted in flowpath bad |
Places firefighters at a significant risk due to the increased flow of fire, heat, and smoke toward their position. Limiting flow path of fire until suppression water is ready to be applied is an important factor in limiting heat released and temperatures |
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Basic Tactical Unit for an emergency operation |
Fire company. With the Fire officer in the role of a working supervisor continually evaluating the environment for hazards such as Backdraft, flash over, or structural collapse |
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What should the Fire officer be relaying back to the branch, group, or Incident Commander |
Relevant information such as companies assignment is completed, task is delayed, task cannot be accomplished |
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What else can the Fire officer relay back to The Incident Commander |
problems or hazards are encountered, such as signs of structural collapse. Which company officer serves as the eyes and ears of The Incident Commander |
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What is an inherent risk associated with emergency operation companies |
Firefighters who are assigned a specific task often concentrate on the task and ignore everything else |
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What does the company officer need to know about the crew when working in an idlh |
Where the crew members are located and what they are doing. He also needs to see and directly communicate with all of the members |
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What does adopting the in appropriate leadership style for specific situation do for the company |
Participative leadership approach can develop group cohesiveness and productivity |
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Does participative leadership always work |
No because time is often of the essence in an emergency incident. Some situations do not allow long discourse or conversation for group consensus. The officer must frequently make decisions with little or no input from the subordinates. |
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Officers who demonstrate sound knowledge of the technical aspects of firefighting and demonstrate trustworthiness are well prepared to lead firefighters into high-risk tasks |
On the contrary firefighters do not trust the Judgment of a fire officer who does not fully understand the job and has not made fire fighting safety a priority |
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Emergency is an operations must be conducted in a structured and consistent manner |
Sops provide a framework to allow activities to efficiently be completed through the efforts of everyone involved in the incident. Also Sops explain the standard approach that should be followed in a particular situation |
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Command Staff assignments include |
Public information officer, liaison officer, safety officer |
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The safety officer is responsible for |
Overseeing the incident from a safety perspective, keeping Incident Commander informed of safety concerns, taking preventative action when an immediate Hazard is identified. |
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A liaison officer |
They function as the link between The Incident Commander and representatives from various agencies |
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When does the size of begin |
Long before arrival and continues until the incident is stabilized |
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What is the end result of a good size up |
an incident Action Plan that considers all of the pertinent information, Define strategies and tactics, and assigns resources to complete those tactics |
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What does an experienced officer look at When developing an incident Action Plan |
Carefully and assess what can be seen, make reasonable assumptions about what cannot be seen, and anticipate what likely is that happened. They must be able to develop and adjust the plan accordingly. What is known, what is assumed and what is anticipated |
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When does the prearrival size up begin |
Begins with dispatch. The name, location, and Reporting nature of the incident all help the officer anticipate might be happening at the scene |
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On-scene observations |
Requires both a systematic approach and a solid foundation of reference. Sops list the essential factors which include building size and Arrangement, type of construction, occupancy, fire and smoke conditions, and other factors such as weather and time of day |
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What is needed to predict where the fire is burning and where it will spread |
An understanding of conduction, convection, and radiation |
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What is one of the most significant factors in size up |
Visualization |
