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40 Cards in this Set
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Civil Rights
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the rights of personal liberty guaranteed to United States citizens by the 13th and 14th amendments to the Constitution and by acts of Congress |
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Somalia
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in December of 1992 Bush sent twenty-five thousand American troops on a humanitarian mission. troops were sent to help manage the food supplies and workers relief. in October of 1993 18 american soldiers died in a botched attempt to capture a local warlord in Mogadishu. after seeing a naked U.S pilots dead body being dragged through the streets of the capital congress demanded they leave Somalia. |
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Fair Deal
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January 5, 1949 recommended that all Americans have health insurance, that the minimum wage (the lowest amount of money per hour that someone can be paid) be increased, and that, by law, all Americans be guaranteed equal rights. trumans reform |
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George H.W. Bush
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41st president, brought the cold war to an end with triumphant conclusion and peacefully, launched america toward the 21st century era, the gulf war against Saddam Hussein |
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NASA
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Sputnik (Russian) beat U.S. intellectually. National Defense Education Act- improves education; focus on math and science; focus on needy population. NASA was created out of the Soviet success with Sputnik: True. ;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return> |
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Bosnia
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the Serbs used weapons to seize more than 70 percent of the Bosnian territory. the Muslim and Croatian forces weren't able to prevent the bombardment of their capital Sarajevo. they rejected a proposal to divide Bosnia into ten provinces and still kept on slaughtering the Serbs. |
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1964 Civil Rights Act
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signed on July 2 made illegal the segregation of African Americans in public facilities, established and equal employment opportunity commission to lessen racial discrimination in employment, and protected the voting rights of African Americans |
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Kosovo
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The Kosovo War was an armed conflict inKosovo that lasted from 28 February 1998 until 11 June 1999. |
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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khrushchev in charge, United States and Soviet Union came close to a nuclear war when President JFK told Nikita to remove his 42 missiles from Cuba. |
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NAFTA
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initiated and nearly completed by Bush, was a free-trade plan that united the United States, Mexico, and Canada into a common market without tariff barriers. |
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Office of Economic Opportunity
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set up a wide variety of programs, ranging from Head Start for preschoolers to the job corps for high school dropouts in need of vocational training. |
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George W. Bush
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43 president from 2001-2008, first thing was a large tax cut, education reform on |
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
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banned literacy tests for voting rights and provided for federal registrars to assure the franchises to minority voters |
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9/11 Attacks
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when two plans got hijacked by islamic militant and sent the two plans into the World Trade Center. one at 9 a.m and the second 20 min later. |
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Bay of Pigs
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Field Castro in charge, when a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the CIA landed on the southern coast of Cuba in efforts to overthrow Castro. but ended in failure and President Kennedy took full responsibility |
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Hispanics
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largest minority group, lack education, fewer hispanics graduated, illegal immigrants from mexico |
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Baker v. Carr
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Tennessee had to redistribute its legislative seats to give citizens in Memphis equal representation. |
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War on Terrorism
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initiated by President George W. Bush after the attacks on 9/11/01, the broadly defined war on terror aimed to weed out terrorist operatives and their supporters throughout the world |
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Engle v. Vitale
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the banning of school prayer, |
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Timothy Leary
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Former Harvard psychology professor that encouraged youth to join him trying out the drug scene. Millions accepted his invitation to "tune in, turn on, drop out" literally, as they experimented with marijuana and with LSD, a new and dangerous chemical hallucinogen. ;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return> |
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Student Revolt
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1964, was to protect the students right to free speech, that was the birth of the SDS Students for a Democratic Society, |
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Cesar Chavez
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was a civil rights activist for the Mexican Americans working in america, he managed to boycott the grape owners for poor paying and managed to raise the pay to 3.53 |
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Watergate
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a break in at the DNC office in the Watergate complex in Washington was carried out under the direction of White House employees. Richard Nixon resigned. |
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Gerald Ford
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38th president,A political leader of the twentieth century who served as president from 1974 to 1977. A prominent Republican in Congress, Ford was named vice president in 1973, after the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He succeeded to the presidency in 1974, when President Richard Nixon was forced to resign. |
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Gay Liberation Movement
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was a movement by gays and lesbians for being treated badly, so they rioted and for mistreatment of homosexuals, was forgotten when aids appeared. |
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Feminine Mystique
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is a 1963 book by Betty Friedan which is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States. |
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Jimmy Carter
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39th president, portrayed himself as a regular Joe, who had no experience in Washington, won the election |
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Equal Rights Amendment
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a proposed constitutional amendment passed by congress in 1972 to guarantee women equal treatment under the law. failed to ratify in 1982 |
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Roe v. Wade
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1973 Supreme Court decision that women have a constitutional right to abortion during the early stages of pregnancy |
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Grenada
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only objective ever meet during RR presidency, US and regional forces land after military coup oct. 1983; elections held dec. 1984 |
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Lebanon
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terrorist bomb kills 239 marines, oct. 1983; shiite extremists hold American Hostages, 1984-1990 |
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Iran-Contra Affair
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involved officials in the Reagan administration secretly and illegally selling arms to Iran and using the proceeds to finance the Contra rebels in Nicaragua. |
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Operation Desert Storm
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was the code name used the United States and its coalition partners used in the war against Iraq in 1991 to liberate Kuwait |
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Bakke v. Regents of the University of California
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was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. It upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy. |
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Bill Clinton
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42nd president, had a scandel in the white house, him and the world |
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Discuss Nixon’s presidency. (include his becoming president, détente, the economy, civil rights, and Watergate)
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President Nixon took office in 1969. Nixon was known for his tall, imposing figure, and as an introverted intellectual who loved foreign policy. At home Nixon was successful in shifting responsibility for social problems from Washington to state and local authorities. During his term Nixon dealt with the inflation, unemployment and decline in economic growth brought by the oil shocks. He also improved U.S. relations with China as the first step towards achieving détente and due to this approach the Soviet Union agreed to SALT I. Nixon also pushed for the end of the Vietnam War by making a truce with Hanoi in which American POWs were released and U.S. troops were removed from South Vietnam. Wanting to guarantee reelection Nixon authorized wiretaps to avoid information leaks and also created an enemies list which "plumbers" spied on. Five of the so called plumbers were arrested during a break in at the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office complex in Washington. Nixon personally ordered a cover up which lasted long enough to ensure his reelection but months after the election the cover up began to unravel. James McCord was the first to break the silence in what became known as the Watergate scandal and a Senate committee later discovered the existence of tape recordings implicating Nixon. In the decision of the United States v. Nixon the Supreme Court ruled that the Nixon had to be turned over the tapes. Faced with the release of tapes that directly implicated him in the cover up, the president chose to resign in August of 1974. Nixon was granted a full pardoned as soon as President Ford took office. ;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return>
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JFK loved foreign affairs, discuss the variety of places that JFK got the U.S. involved in. Were they successes or failures, make sure to support your answer.
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John F. Kennedy was young, charismatic, and dynamic; these characteristics brought something different to the American people who were looking for a change. He was elected as the 35th president in 1961 and his reform program was known as the New Frontier. Foreign policy was his love and the first issue that Kennedy dealt with was the Berlin Wall, an issue to which he felt it was best no to be deeply involved to avoid further conflict with the Soviets. During his term Kennedy increases economic and technical assistance to South Vietnam and later approves a coup to overthrow the South Vietnamese government led by Diem. One of JFK's took responsibility for one of the biggest failures during his term which was the failed CIA sponsored military invasion by a Cuban paramilitary group that took place in the Bay of Pigs. The invasion was aimed at overthrowing the new Communist government led by Fidel Castro which had strong ties to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Kennedy would later redeem himself with successful negotiations that would bring the Cuban missile crisis to an end. In this crisis the Soviet Union had placed missiles in Cuba within striking distance of the United States. In this negotiation the Soviets agreed to dismantle all missiles if the United States agreed not to invade Cuba. Kennedy also dealt with civil right issues which for the most part he downplayed because he was worried that it would affect is reelection. He assigns his brother Robert to do most of the legwork. Kennedy does increase the number of voting rights to African Americans and appoints a number of African Americans to high government positions. In November 22, 1963, President Kennedy is assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Texas. Oswald would never see trial as he is also assassinated. ;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return>
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Discuss Ronald Reagan’s presidency; include his economic strategies, foreign affairs, scandals, and social issues. Make sure to give provide detail or your answers.
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Ronald Reagan with his campaign slogan "Are you better off now than you were four years ago?" took office in 1981. With his supply-side economics concept he cut government spending and cut income taxes to stimulate the economy. During his two term presidency Regan confronted the problem of the mid 1980s budget deficit and also dealt with social problems such as drugs and the AIDS epidemic to which he responded by putting a lot of money into research, prevention, and treatment. Regan attempted to strengthen and restore America's defenses to recapture world supremacy from the Soviet Union and one of its measures was the development of the SDI antimissile system dubbed "star wars". Regan perceived the Soviet challenge as extending across the globe and tried to intervene to stop it but despite these efforts Grenada was the only place where the United States was able to successfully accomplish its goals. In Nicaragua, Sandinistas overthrew the repressive Somoza regime and to avoid forcing Nicaragua into the Cuban and Soviet hands Carter provided them aid. The Regan administration reversed this aid instead sought to oust the Sandinistas but Congress refused to provide the funds and later passed the Boland Amendment in 9184. Regan opted for covert action and began to train the Contras. In 1985, six Americans thought to be loyal to Iran's leader were held hostage in Lebanon. Robert McFarlane, NSA adviser, proposed trading American artillery in return for the hostages and the Iranians desperate for weapons due to the war with Iraq accepted. This action made the hostage crisis worse since the number of hostages would increase to nine by 1987. McFarlane was replaced with Poindexter and along with Oliver North and William Casey they orchestrated a ploy to sell weapons to Iran and with the profits finance the Contras in the Nicaragua conflict. Ultimately the secret got out but Regan was not directly implicated. Regan was given a lot of credit for pushing to the end of the Cold War. Regan in cooperation with the newly elected Soviet leader, Gorbachev, established the Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty and the Soviet Union moved to end the war in Afghanistan. ;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return>
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Discuss the Vietnam War starting with the United States first involvement in the area until it ended.
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American presence in this part of the world began in the 1950s with technical and advisory assistance to South Vietnam and only increased in the 1960s. President Lyndon B. Johnson inherited the policy of containment and had to deal with the issue in Vietnam where Diem was overthrown three weeks before JFK's assassination. Johnson continued JFK's policy of economic and technical assistance to South Vietnam forces and expanded American support of covert operations during the conflict. During this period the Gulf of Tonkin affair took place where the USS Maddox and the USS Turner Joy are allegedly attacked by North Vietnamese torpedo boats which triggered the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. This resolution gave Johnson the power to conduct military operation in Southeast Asia without declaring war. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution proved to be the only highlight of the Vietnam War for the United States Full scale American involvement in Vietnam began in 1965. The North Vietnamese responded in 1968 by launching a surprise attack known as the Tet Offensive where they suffered heavy losses but scored an impressive political victory due to the opposition to the war of the American public. The next three years would see a stalemate between the two sides. The Vietnam War continued but the United States begins to withdraw from the war with a three part plan. The three part plan called first for a gradual withdrawal of America troops and training of South Vietnamese forces to take over the combat role, then for renewed bombing, and finally for hard line negotiations with Hanoi (Vietnam). In January of 1973 a truce was reached between the United States and Hanoi which called for the release of all American POTWs and the United States agreed to remove its troops from South Vietnam within 60 days. After eight years of fighting the capture of Saigon by the North Vietnamese Army in May 1975 marked the end of the war, and North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year. ;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return>
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Discuss LBJ’s presidency, include both domestic and foreign policy issues.
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Lyndon B. Johnson became president in November of 1963 after the assassination of Kennedy. He was a tall, serious, stern man who was better at domestic affairs. At home, he first cut taxes and then he passes the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He had a liberal reform program called the Great Society. He launched a war against poverty. He established the OEO and passed reforms in healthcare and education. He also took off restrictions on voting with the Voting Rights Act. After all this, he couldn't win the love of the American people. Johnson inherited the policy of containment and continued Kennedy's policy of economic and technical assistance. He expanded American support for covert operations and lied to the Americans by saying the War in Vietnam was almost over and that victory was in sight. He ended up refusing to accept his party's nomination. Johnson became president in 1963 following the assassination of JFK and also wins reelection in 1964. Johnson was a person of tall stature with a powerful presence and a serious demeanor. Once he takes office with his Great Society reform program the first measure he passes is a tax cut followed by the Civil Rights Act. He launches a war against poverty for which he establishes the Office of Economic Opportunity and passes reforms in healthcare and education. He also passes the Voting Rights Act during his time in office which showed that he was better at domestic affairs than foreign, but despite all of these efforts Johnson failed to win the love/approval of the American people. LBJ inherited the policy of containment and had to deal with the issue in Vietnam where Diem was overthrown three weeks before JFK's assassination. Johnson continued JFK's policy of economic and technical assistance to South Vietnam forces and expanded American support of covert operations during the conflict. For LBJ the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution proved to be the only highlight of the Vietnam War and from here LBJ begins his downfall because he misled Congress and lies to the American people stating that the war was almost over and victory was in sight. Johnson concluded his term in office by refusing to accept his party's nomination to run in the 1968 election.;a++)for(c=>;++c)f=k[c],b[f]&&b[f].prototype&&r(d,b[f].prototype)}return>;)i[r]=e[t+r];return>;o++)r(n[o]);return>
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