Finals

Front 1

May 7th 1954

Back 1

Brown vs. Board of education. "Separate but equal." (Segregation) is banned in schools.

Front 2

August 1955

Back 2

Emmett Till is killed. Receiving national attention.

Front 3

December 1955

Back 3

Rosa Parks is arrested. Begins Montgomery bus boycott.

Front 4

December 1956

Back 4

Gayle vs. Browder. End bud segregation & hire black drivers.

Front 5

Early 1957

Back 5

MLK begans southern Christian leadership conference.

Front 6

September 1957

Back 6

Little Rock, school segregation is opposed.

Front 7

Late 1950's

Back 7

Nation of Islam has Malcolm X as their spokesperson. They're decided, grass-roots org.

Front 8

Feb 1 1960

Back 8

4 NC A&T students organize a sit in at Woolworth counter. Desegregation tactic.

Front 9

April 1960

Back 9

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee is created.

Front 10

Spring 1961

Back 10

James Farmer creates freedom ride. Three days later it failed, as well as the second attempt they started later.

Front 11

October 1961

Back 11

The Albany Movement was instituted for over a year.

Front 12

Fall 1962

Back 12

James Meridith, an air force veteran, utilizes his G.I bill to register to the University of Mississippi.

Front 13

June 1963

Back 13

March on Washington.

Front 14

September 15, 1963

Back 14

A church bombing in Birmingham kills four little girls, bringing national attention.

Front 15

1964

Back 15

Malcolm X breaks w/ the main of Islam and forms, Organization of Afro-American Unity.

Front 16

July 2, 1964

Back 16

Civil rights act of 1964 is enacted.

Front 17

February 21, 1965

Back 17

Malcolm X is murdered.

Front 18

August 1965

Back 18

A tougher civil rights measure was enacted, The Voting Rights act of 1965.

Front 19

By 1967-1968

Back 19

Protest invited more black youth, more violence & riots.

Front 20

April 1968

Back 20

MLK is murdered. Civil rights movement changed into Black Power Movement.

Front 21

Jim Crow

Back 21

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.

Front 22

Imperialism

Back 22

a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Front 23

Debt Peonage

Back 23

White tells slave he owes him, and he works the debt off. (Economic slavery.)

Front 24

Red Summer

Back 24

String of anti-black violence.

Front 25

Pentacostalism

Back 25

Pentecostalism is a renewal movement within Protestant Christianity that places special emphasis on a direct personal experience of God through the baptism with the Holy Spirit

Front 26

National Negro Congress

Back 26

The National Negro Congress (NNC) was formed in 1935 at Howard University as a broadly based organization with the goal of fighting for Black liberation; it was the successor to the League of Struggle for Negro Rights, both affiliated with the Communist Party.

Front 27

The Great Depression

Back 27

the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world. In the United States, the Great Depression began soon after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors.

Front 28

Double V Campaign

Back 28

Segregation and discrimination had reached a point that was no longer tolerable, and according to the Pittsburgh Courier, it was time for a campaign.

Front 29

Atlantic Charter

Back 29

The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration released by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on August 14, 1941 following a meeting of the two heads of state in Newfoundland.

Front 30

Morgan vs. Virginia

Back 30

Irene Morgan (April 9, 1917 – August 10, 2007), later known as Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, was an African-American woman who was arrested in Middlesex County, Virginia, in 1944 for refusing to give up her seat on an interstate bus according to a state law on segregation.

Front 31

Executive order of 8802

Back 31

Executive Order 8802 was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 25, 1941, to prohibit racial discrimination in the national defense industry. It was the first federal action, though not a law, to promote equal opportunity and prohibit employment discrimination in the United States.

Front 32

G.I Bill

Back 32

A law passed in 1944 that provided educational and other benefits for people who had served in the armed forces in World War II. Benefits are still available to persons honorably discharged from the armed forces.

Front 33

Griggs vs. Duke power

Back 33

Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424 (1971), was a court case argued before the Supreme Court of the United States on December 14, 1970. It concerned employment discrimination and the adverse impact theory and was decided on March 8, 1971.

Front 34

Poor People’s Campaign

Back 34

The Poor People's Campaign was a 1968 effort to gain economic justice for poor people in the United States. It was organized by Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and carried out under the leadership of Ralph Abernathy in the wake of King's assassination.

Front 35

Plessy V. Ferguson

Back 35

Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal"

Front 36

Scientific Racism

Back 36

Scientific racism is the use of pseudo-scientific techniques and hypotheses to support or justify the belief in racism, racial inferiority, or racial superiority, or alternatively the practice of classifying individuals of different phenotypes into discrete races.

Front 37

Niagara Movement

Back 37

The Niagara Movement was a black civil rights organization founded in 1905 by a group led by W. E. B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter. It was named for the "mighty current" of change the group wanted to effect and Niagara Falls, near Fort Erie, Ontario, was where the first meeting took place in July 1905.

Front 38

Chain Migration

Back 38

Migratory pattern.

Front 39

Silent March

Back 39

The Silent Parade (or Silent protest) was a march of between 8,000 and 10,000 African Americans on July 28, 1917, in New York City. The purpose of the parade was to protest lynching and anti-black violence.

Front 40

Harlem Renaissance

Back 40

Literary movement.