Finals

Front 1

The American revolution pt. 3: the dark days of war

Back 1

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Front 2

How were the early years of the war difficult for the Americans?

Back 2

-Americans were not yet free
-had to defeat the British
-Washington believed they would head for NYC

Front 3

Battle of Long island
1776

Back 3

British trap American at Brooklyn heights

Americans are ferried across to Manhattan and escape to Westchester

Front 4

Trenton
1776

Back 4

boost moral=needs victory

Cross Delaware river Christmas night

surprise hessian troops

Front 5

Princeton , 1777

Back 5

Cornwallis heads to capture GW

Americans surprise British from behind

Victories at Princeton and Trenton gave Americans hope to win the war

Front 6

Turning Point

Back 6

Gen john Burgoyne had planned to push towards Albany New York from three directions
-this would give them control of the Hudson

-"divide and conquer" cut new England from the rest of the colonies

Front 7

Burgoyne's plan

Back 7

Plan failed
-Howe's troops went to philidelphia instead
-Burgoyne's men were surrounded by American troops at Saratoga

Front 8

Battle of Saratoga

Back 8

-Turning point
-ended British threat to new England
-lifted patriot's spirits
-convinced the French, Americans could win

Front 9

Valley Forge

Back 9

Faced hardships
-little warm clothing
-almost no food
-BUT it gave plenty of time to train .

Front 10

European Voulenteers

Back 10

France=Marquis de Lafayette
-officer in Washington's army
Poland= Thaddeus Kosciusko
-military engineer
Poland=Casmir Pulaski
-Cavalry expert who trained men on horseback

Front 11

The American Revolution pt. 4: Winning the war

Back 11

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Front 12

How did the Americans win the war and make peace?

Back 12

British would head to the southern colonies.
-Southern colonies believed to have a large population of loyalists who could aid the army

Front 13

What other roles did people play during the revolution?

Back 13

African Americans- British offered them freedom to fight
-Americans first denied, then accepted
-about 7,000 African americans fought for the patriots

Woman-
-Took husbands responsibilities at home
-some followed husbands into battle to provide food, supplies, ect.
-Few fought or became spies

Front 14

Cowpens

Back 14

Charles Cornwallis(british commander) seemed unstoppable as he swept through Georgia and into the Carolinas
-he decided to head to the Virginia coast to get re-supplied

Front 15

Benedict Arnold

Back 15

-he was helping the british
-he was going to hand over West Point and control of the Hudson to the British
-TRAITOR!!!

Front 16

The Battle of Yorktown

Back 16

Marquis de Lafayette led American troops tp trap Cornwallis
-Washington and Comte led American troops from NY to meet Lafayette and trap him on the Yorktown Peninsula
-Admiral headed for Yorktown to stop the british navy from reaching Cornwallis.
-Cornwallis finally surrendered on October 19, 1781

Front 17

Treaty of Paris 1783

Back 17

*british recognized American Independence
*both sides agreed to new boundaries
CANADA ON NORTH
MISSISSIPPI RIVER ON WEST
FLORIDA ON SOUTH (RETURNED TO SPAIN)

Front 18

Unit 5 Creating a Republic pt. 1: Articles of Confederation

Back 18

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Front 19

What were the major successes and failures of the government under the articles of confederation?

Back 19

With independence came a new nation and new government.

Many feared the new government wasn't capable of fixing problems that quickly arose

Front 20

Congress

Back 20

All powers of the Nation were given to congress.
No Executive branch- to enforce laws
No Judicial branch- to solve problems

Front 21

Limited powers

Back 21

Too much power?
CONGRESS'S POWERS
-Deal with foreign countries
-make laws
-declare war
-coin/print money
POWERS NOT GIVEN TO CONGRESS
-regulate trade
-collect taxes
-raise an army

Front 22

Western land claims

Back 22

lands west of mountains were clamed by larger states.

Land given to congress.

land would be made into new states.

Front 23

Buying Land

Back 23

The Land Ordinance of 1785
-to divide the land into smaller tracts sold
Northwest ordinance of 1787
- To create new territories from the region, controlled by congress and rules for settlement and statehood.

Front 24

LAND ORDINANCE OF 1785

Back 24

6 miles by 6 miles

Township=36 sections
section=$640
1 dollar per acre

Front 25

NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787

Back 25

-created territorial governments controlled by congress
-required 60,000 settlers to become a state
-BANNED SLAVERY

Front 26

Shay's rebellion

Back 26

Economic depression
-Angry that gov was not doing anything about it.
-Daniel shays led a group and attacked courthouses.
-Shays rebellion failed, but it proved the articles needed to be revised.

Front 27

The constitutional convention

Back 27

55 delegated attended the meeting in Philadelphia.
-represented 12 of the states.
-NOT RHODE ISLAND
George Washington elected as president

Front 28

How will congress be set up?

Back 28

Virginia plan- Three separate branches
Executive, Legislative, Judicial.
Upper&lower house
representation= determined by state population
New jersey plan- same number of votes in congress.
One house& one vote

Front 29

The Great Comprimise

Back 29

Roger Sherman combined New jersey and Virginia plan together.
Congress= House of reps(435) and senate(100)

Front 30

Will slaves be counted?

Back 30

Southern delegates= yes
Northern delegates = no

Front 31

3/5 compromise

Back 31

3/5 of a states population would be counted for representation AND taxation purposes