Final Review For Pharm

Front 1

Digoxin MOA

Back 1

Calcium channel blocker

Increases intracellular Ca2+, increasing heart contractility indirectly by inhibiting Na/K pump, which disables Na/Ca pump, keeping calcium in myocardial cells

Quinidine, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia-increase digoxin toxicity

Digoxin improves contractility of heart, it does not improve survival in CHF

Front 2

What drug causes a prolonged PR (>200ms) aka 1st degree heart block?

Back 2

Digoxin

Front 3

Drugs that improve survival in CHF

Back 3

ACE inhibitors
Spironolactone
Metoprolol

Front 4

What type of drug slows cardiac remodeling and decreases risk of CHF in post-MI patients

Back 4

Captopril (ACE inhibitors)

Front 5

Which cardiac enzyme is the most sensitive for MI

Back 5

Troponin

Front 6

Nitroglycerin MOA

Back 6

Decreases preload

Nitrates cause the formation of NO, causing venous dilation. Dilated veins store more blood, thus increase preload. Vasodilation will also reduce afterload, reducing cardiac work and oxygen demand

Front 7

Class IA antiarrhythmics

Back 7

Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide

Front 8

Class IA MOA

Back 8

1. Reduce slope of phase 0 depolarization (slows AP starting) of fast response tissue (atrial & ventricular cells)

2. Increases AP duration

Front 9

Class IB Drug

Back 9

Lidocaine

Front 10

Class IB MOA

Back 10

1. Reduce slope of phase 0 depolarization
(slows AP starting)

2. Decreases AP duration

3. Preferentially affects ischemic tissue

Front 11

Toxicity of ALL class I antiarrhythmics are increased by

Back 11

HyperK+

Front 12

Toxicity of Quinidine (3)

Back 12

Cinchonism (tinnitus, headache)
Torsades de pointes
Thrombocytopenia

Front 13

Antiarrhythmic that increases toxicity of digoxin

Back 13

Quinidine

Front 14

Toxicity of Procainamide

Back 14

SLE-like syndrome (anti-histone ABs)

Front 15

DOC for POST-MI ventricular arrhythmia

Back 15

Lidocaine

Front 16

DOC for Digitalis toxicity

Back 16

Lidocaine

Front 17

Toxicity of Lidocaine

Back 17

CNS stimulation (seizures)

Front 18

Why do you use class IC antiarrhythmics as a LAST RESORT?

Back 18

Proarrhythmic (especially contraindicated post-MI)

Front 19

Class II antiarrhythmics

Back 19

B blockers

Front 20

Class II MOA

Back 20

1. Inhibit sympathetics, slowing rate of discharge of abnormal cardiac pacemakers (AV node esp sensitive)

2. Decrease slope of phase 4

Front 21

Shortest acting B blocker

Back 21

Esmolol

Front 22

Class III antiarrhythmics

Back 22

K+ channel blockers:
Amiodarone
Sotalol

Front 23

Class III antiarrhythmic mostly a K+ channel blocker;
Has class I, II, III and IV effects

Back 23

Amiodarone

Front 24

Class III antiarrhythmic mostly a K+ channel blocker;
also a B blocker

Back 24

Soltalol

Front 25

Class III MOA

Back 25

Increases AP duration by prolonging repolarization

Front 26

Toxicity of amiodarone (5)

Back 26

Pulmonary fibrosis
Hypo or hyperthyroidism
Skin deposits (smurf skin)
corneal deposits
Hepatotoxicity

Front 27

Class IV antiarrhythmics

Back 27

Calcium channel blockers:
Verapamil
Diltiazem

Front 28

Toxicity of Class IV

Back 28

Constipation
Edema
Flush
Cardiac depression

Front 29

DOC for supraventricular tachycardia; very short 1/2 life (15 sec)

Back 29

Adenosine

Front 30

Lipid-Lowering Drugs

Back 30

Lipid-Lowering Drugs

Front 31

Statins MOA

Back 31

Inhibit HMG-CoA Reductase

Lower LDL

Front 32

Toxicity of Statins

Back 32

Rhabdomyolysis
Liver Toxicity

Front 33

Niacin MOA

Back 33

Inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue
Reduces VLDL secretion from liver

Increases HDL

Front 34

Toxicity of Niacin

Back 34

Flushed face (reduce w/ aspirin)
Ancanthosis nigricans (hyperglycemia)
Hyperuricemia

Front 35

Bile acid resins (Cholestyramine) MOA

Back 35

Prevent intestinal reab of bile acids
Liver must use more cholesterol to replace bile acids

Front 36

Toxicity of Bile acid resins

Back 36

Tastes bad
Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Cholesterol gallstones

Front 37

Fibrates (gemfibrozil) MOA

Back 37

Upregulate LPL to increase TG clearance

Lowers TG

Front 38

Toxicity of fibrates

Back 38

Myositis
Hepatoxicity
Cholesterol gallstones

Front 39

Psychiatry Pharm

Back 39

Psychiatry Pharm

Front 40

DOC for bulimia

Back 40

SSRIs

Front 41

DOC for ADHD

Back 41

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Amphetamines

Front 42

DOC for depression with insomnia

Back 42

Mirtazapine

Front 43

DOC for OCD

Back 43

SSRIs
Clomipramine

Front 44

DOC for PTSD

Back 44

SSRIs

Front 45

MOA of Typical antipsychotics

Back 45

Block D2 receptors

Front 46

Haloperidol

Back 46

Typical antipsychotic (high-potency)

Front 47

Trifluoperazine

Back 47

Typical antipsychotic (high-potency)

Front 48

Fluphenazine

Back 48

Typical antipsychotic (high-potency)

Front 49

Thioridazine

Back 49

Typical antipsychotic (Low potency)

Front 50

Chlorpromazine

Back 50

Typical antipsychotic (Low potency)

Front 51

Difference between high-potency vs low-potency Typical antipsychotics

Back 51

High potency=Extrapyramidal symptoms

Low potency=anticholinergic, antihistamine (sedation), alpha blockade (hypotension)

Front 52

Chlorpromazine SE

Back 52

Corneal deposits

Front 53

Thioridazine SE

Back 53

Retinal deposits

Front 54

Difference between Typical vs Atypical Antipsychotics

Back 54

Atypical antipsychotics have fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic SE.

They also treat BOTH positive and negative symptoms (Typical antipsychotics treat positive symptoms)

Front 55

Olanzapine

Back 55

Atypical antipsychotic

Front 56

Clozapine

Back 56

Atypical antipsychotic

Front 57

Quetiapine

Back 57

Atypical antipsychotic

Front 58

Risperidone

Back 58

Atypical antipsychotic

Front 59

Aripiprazole

Back 59

Atypical antipsychotic

Front 60

Ziprasidone

Back 60

Atypical antipsychotic

Front 61

2 Atypical antipsychotics that cause significant weight gain

Back 61

Clozapine
Olanzapine

Front 62

Atypical antipsychotic that causes agranulocytosis (monitor WBCs)

Back 62

Clozapine

Front 63

Atypical antipsychotic that prolongs QT interval

Back 63

Ziprasidone

Front 64

Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline

Back 64

TCA

Front 65

Clomipramine
Imipramine
Desipramine

Back 65

TCA

Front 66

Doxepin

Back 66

TCA

Front 67

Amoxapine

Back 67

TCA

Front 68

TCA MOA

Back 68

Block reuptake of NE and serotonin

Front 69

Which TCA is used for bedwetting

Back 69

Imipramine

Front 70

Which TCA is used for OCD

Back 70

Clomipramine

Front 71

Which antidepressant class side effects include:
Sedation, alpha-blocking (orthostatic hypotension), atropine-like effects

Back 71

TCA

Front 72

Toxicity of TCAs and antidote

Back 72

Convulsions
Coma
Cardiotoxicity

Sodium Bicarbonate

Front 73

Fluoxetine

Back 73

SSRI

Front 74

Paroxetine

Back 74

SSRI

Front 75

Setraline

Back 75

SSRI

Front 76

Citalopram

Back 76

SSRI

Front 77

Which antidepressant class has toxicities that include: sexual dysfunction

Back 77

SSRIs

Front 78

Treatment for serotonin syndrome

Back 78

Cyproheptadine (serotonin blocker)

Front 79

Tranycypromine

Back 79

MAOI

Front 80

Phenelzine

Back 80

MAOI

Front 81

Isocarboxazid

Back 81

MAOI

Front 82

Selegiline

Back 82

MAO-B Inhibitior

Front 83

MAOI increase levels of which NTs?

Back 83

NE, serotonin, dopamine

Front 84

Bupropion

Back 84

Atypical antidepressant, increases NE and dopamine; Used for smoking cessation

Front 85

Bupropion SE

Back 85

Stimulant effects (tachycardia)
NO sexual side effects

Front 86

Buspirone

Back 86

Serotonin agonist
Used for generalized anxiety disorder