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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the ability to pay principal?
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it claims that fairness requires that taxes be allocated according to the incomes and or wealth of taxpayers, regardless of how much or how little the benefit
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what did adam smith create?
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the wealth of nations
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what is the wealth of nations?
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the concept that the nation/state is a collegection of people bound together in a shared responsibility for one another's mutual well-bring
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what is article 51 of the un caharter?
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it provides an exception to the rule that all members must refrain from threat or force, it says that when one is being attacked, they have the right to fight back
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what is a black box?
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it is a mechanism where we can see the outcome though its internal workings are not completly know, it is a metaphor for public policy
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what is the blue cross?
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it was a government program that offered hospital insurance based on a community rating, meaning everyone was charged the same rate based on the communities rate
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What is the brady bill?
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it was a ban on assault weapons in response to presidential press secretary james brady being wounded in the attempted assasination of ronald reagan. it called for a background check on all people who wanted to buy a gun and required a 5 day cooling off period that was later take off
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what is a caucus?
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a series of party meetings at every level of party organization.
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what is the cia? what do they do?
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government agency created by the national security act of 1947 to advise and make recommendations to the departments of government about issues and situations related to national security policy making.
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what is the class conflict model?
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a claim that employers use education to screen workers because more educated workers are more willing to accept the traditional corporate values
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what is classic liberalism?
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the idea that there should be free markets at home and in international trade with little state interference
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what is conservatism?
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the views that the role of the government in the economy be reduced and want greater government intervention in regulation of social issues, such as gays in the military
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what is the relationship between the constitution and criminal law?
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the founding fathers left criminal law up to the states because they felt it was a matter that should refelct community standards and wanted enforcement to be localized
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what is the culture of poverty?
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the poor develop low class culturs values in order to survive being poor
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what is cyclical unemployment?
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when there is unemployment due to the lack of jobs in the economy due to economic downturn. a major problem
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what is deductive reasoning?
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when the conclusion follows the evidence
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when is inductive reasoning?
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when the conclusiong goes beyond the evidence
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what does the director of central intelligence do?
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he and the chairman of the joint cheifs of staff are the advisary members of the national security council
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what does the director of national intellicenge do?
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they are responsible for determining the annual budgets for all national intelligence agencies and direct how those funds are spent
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what is the relationship between education and lifetime earnings
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there is a positive relationship, those with a highschool diploma make more than those without one, and those with a college diploma make more than those without one
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what is inflation?
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the increase in the average price of goods and services
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what are interest groups?
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a collection of individuals with intensly held preferences who attempt to influence government policies to benefit their own members
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what is the iron triangle
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the bonds that evolve between congressional committees and their staffs, special interest groups, and bureaucratic agencies in the executive branch
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what did john maynard keynes do?
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came up with the theory that represents the effort to deal with chaotic conditions produced by the great depression. said that the business and government should act together in running economy
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what did karl marx do?
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disgreed that politics and economics should be separate
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what is liberalism?
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the theory that the government should control the economy in the interest of the state
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what is flat tax?
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tax that stays the same through all levels of income
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what is fiscal policy?
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the use of government taxing and spending to stimulate or slow the economy
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what is frictional unemployment?
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unemployment cause by new entrants to the workforce leaving their jobs to look for better ones
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what was the outcome of gideon v wainwright?
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supreme court extended the right to council at the state expense to all felony cases
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what is hard power?
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the ability to make others want the outcome that you do using coercion
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what is human capitol theory?
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expenditures on education, medical care and training make individuals more inherently more productive and therefore more highly valued employees
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what is ideology?
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the values and believes about the role of the government
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what is stagflation?
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when unemployment and inflation rise at the same time
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what is the theory of governmental checks and balances?
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that through this, one branch of the government cannot take over the whole government
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what did thomas malthus do?
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he was the first to suggest a resolution within a market economy framework. he said that the problem of poverty was more in nature and could not be fixed by the government
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what is unanimity rule?
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it ensures that no one is misused because every voter must approve a proposition, gives every voter veto power
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what was the outcome of us v leon?
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if a seach warrant was obtained illegally but the police acted in good faith, then the evidence could be use in a court of law
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what was the outcome of miranda v arizona?
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all policemen must make the suspect aware of the constitutional rights upon arrest
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what is monetary policy?
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the control of the money supply centered on the federal reserve banking system. they can encourage or discourage lending by changing the reserve requirements that the banks have to maintain on their deposites
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what is murder?
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when someone kills someone intentionally, and he knows he killed them, and he did somthing clearly dangerous to do so
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what is nato
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north atlantic trade organization
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what is natural price?
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the price of production for a good or service with a little left over for profit
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what is negligent homicide?
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death caused by criminal negligence
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what is manslaughter?
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when a person recklassly causes the death of another person
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what is marginal costs?
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the increase in total cost from taking an action and doing it once more
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what was the outcome in mapp v ohio?
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illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in a court of law
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what is market price?
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the price a good or service actually brings in the marketplace
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what is medicare?
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a federal/state program to provide medical insurance for the poor and disabled designed to treat the threat of finacial ruin caused by medical expenses
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what are open primaries?
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when anyone can vote for either party, but not both
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what are closed primaries
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only those voters who have declared affiliation to a party may vote for that party
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what is opportunity cost?
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the cost that equals the value of the most desirable good or service forgone
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what are patronage policies?
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government actons that provide incentives for individuals or corporations to undertake activities they would only reluctantly understake without the promise of an award
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what is goal of a political party
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to get their member elected to office
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what is progressive tax?
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tax that rises as income level rises
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what is proportional tax?
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taxes stay the same through all levels of income
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what is the main source of revenue for the state and local governments
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property tax
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what is public policy
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the study of government decisions and actions designed to deal with a matter of public concern
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how do you qualify for medicaid
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you become eligable for welfare in your state
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what is satisficing
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adopting the policy acceptable from all perspectives rather than seeking the best possible outcome
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what is sin tax?
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a tax on alcohol and tobacco because use of those products poses negative externalities on nonusers
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what is soft power
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the ability to make others want your outcome through cooperation
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what is structural unemployment?
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unemployment due to a mismatch betweek the skill of the labor force and the jobs available
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what does the epa do?
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they regulate and monitor air and water pollution
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what does an exploratory committee do?
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they help determine whether or not a potential candidate should run for office
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what are the facotrs of production?
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lan, labor, capitol
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what did eht fun control act do?
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restricted the availability and distribution of guns
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