Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the three different parts of the nervous system that affect the GI system?
|
Parasympathetic: Motility
Sympathetic: Decreases Motility Enteric Nervous: Increases Peristaltic Activity |
|
|
What does Peristaltic mean?
|
Peristalsis means involuntary contraction passing along the walls. Forces contents onward.
|
|
|
What is an Emetic?
|
An agent that induces vomiting.
|
|
|
When does an Emetic do and why do you use it?
|
Induces Vomiting
Animals that have ingested toxins. Removes about 80% of stomach. Don't give to animals that don't vomit. |
|
|
What are the two types of Emetics?
|
Centrally acting
and Locally acting |
|
|
What does the centrally acting emetic do?
|
Acts on CRTZ
|
|
|
What centrally acting emetic drug do you use on dogs commonly?
|
apomorphine
can counter with naloxone in overdose |
|
|
What centrally acting emetic drug do you use on cats commonly?
|
xylazine
Causes vomiting |
|
|
What are locally acting emetic drugs that will induce vomiting?
|
Hydrogen peroxide
Syrup of ipecac |
|
|
What is an Antiemetic?
|
It helps control vomiting. Stops vomiting but does not correct underlined problem.
|
|
|
If you are using an antiemetic how should you start?
|
Parenterally (Not Orally)
|
|
|
What are some centrally acting antiemetic drug?
|
Chlorpromazine
prochlorperazine antihistamines (Diphenhydramine) |
|
|
What is a centrally and locally acting antiemetic drug?
|
Metoclopramide
|
|
|
What are the reasons and signs of gastrointestinal ulcers?
|
Reasons:
Stress, Metabolic disease, Gastric hyperacidity, NSAIDs, and Corticosteroids Clinical Signs: Anorexia Hematemesis Melena |
|
|
Which receptors do antihistamines block when used to treat ulcers?
|
H2 receptors
|
|
Can you identify and treat?
|
Cestodes (Tapeworms)
Dipylidium caninum Treatment: Praziquantel |
|
Can you identify and treat?
|
Nematodes (Roundworms)
Toxocara canis Treatment: Pyrantel pamoate Fenbendazole |
|
Can you identify and treat?
|
Nematode (hookworm)
Ancylostoma caninum Treatment: Pyrantel pamoate Fenbendazole |
|
Can you identify and treat?
|
Nematodes (whipworms)
Trichuris vulpis Treatment: Febantel Fenbendazole |
|
Can you identify and treat?
|
Coccidia
a sporozoa (protozoa) Treatment: Sulfadimethoxine Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim Amprolium |
|
Can you identify and treat?
|
Giardia
Flagellate protozoa Treatment: Albendazole Metronidazole Fenbendazole |
|
|
What are the antidiarrheal drugs?
|
Narcotic analgesics (opiates)
Anticholingergics / Antispasmodics Pectants / Absorbents |
|
|
What are a few Narcotic analgesic (opiate) drugs used for antidiarrhea?
|
diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
loperamide (Imodium) |
|
|
What is an anticholinergics / antispasmodic drug used for antidiarrhea?
|
aminopentamide
|
|
|
What is an Pectants / Absorbents drug used for antidiarrhea?
|
Bismuth subsalcylate (Pepto-Bismol)
|
|
|
What are laxatives used for?
|
They are used to loosen bowel contents and encourage their evacuation!
|
|
|
What are some laxatives drugs and other remedies?
|
Magnesium Hydroxide
Metamucil Mineral Oils Docusate Sodium (DSS) |
|
|
What do Prokinetic stimulants do?
|
Increase motility of GI tract!
Examples: Dopaminergic antagonist (metoclopramide) ... |
|
What type of Parasite is this?
|
Demodex Mange
Treatment: Amitraz Ivermectin |
|
|
What is pancrezyme used for?
|
Replicates the enzymes created by the pancreas to aid in digestion of foods.
|
|
What type of parasite is this?
|
Sarcoptic Mange
Treatment: Ivermectin |
|
What type of parasites are these?
|
Ectoparasites: Fleas & Ticks
Treatments: Sprays, Dips, Shampoos, Dusts, Foggers Fipronil Imidacloprid Lufenuron Selamectin |
|
Can you identify this other parasite and how it is treated?
|
Nematode (Heartworms)
Dirofilaria immitis Treatment: Melarsomine Dihydrocholoride (Immiticide) Prevention: Ivermectin Milbemycin oxime Selamectin HW Test before Prevention |
