Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
178 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
75% of leukemia found in kids
|
ALL
|
|
|
75% of leukemia found in kids
|
ALL
|
|
|
Leukemia that peaks in ages 2-5
|
ALL
|
|
|
Leukemia that peaks in ages 2-5
|
ALL
|
|
|
Leukemia found highest in neonatal period
|
AML
|
|
|
Leukemia found highest in neonatal period
|
AML
|
|
|
Common site for extra-medullary ALL
|
testes
|
|
|
Common site for extra-medullary ALL
|
testes
|
|
|
Chloromas can be found in
|
AML
|
|
|
Chloromas can be found in
|
AML
|
|
|
The likely dx of a particular type of leukemia is based upon:
|
immature blast cells on peripheral blood smear or bone marrow aspiration
|
|
|
The likely dx of a particular type of leukemia is based upon:
|
immature blast cells on peripheral blood smear or bone marrow aspiration
|
|
|
T/F WBCs can be low normal or elevated in leukemia
|
true
|
|
|
T/F WBCs can be low normal or elevated in leukemia
|
true
|
|
|
Anterior mediastinal masses can be seen in what leukemia
|
ALL
|
|
|
Anterior mediastinal masses can be seen in what leukemia
|
ALL
|
|
|
What viral infections can mimic leukemia?
|
Epstein Barr
|
|
|
What viral infections can mimic leukemia?
|
Epstein Barr
|
|
|
Down's syndrome pts may get what condition that mimics leukemia?
|
myeloproliferative disorder that increase WBC on peripheral blood smear and increase peripheral blast cells
|
|
|
Down's syndrome pts may get what condition that mimics leukemia?
|
myeloproliferative disorder that increase WBC on peripheral blood smear and increase peripheral blast cells
|
|
|
T/F Down's syndrome patients have a 50% increased risk of getting ALL or AML after having myeloproliferative do
|
F- 30%
|
|
|
T/F Down's syndrome patients have a 50% increased risk of getting ALL or AML after having myeloproliferative do
|
F- 30%
|
|
|
Overall cure rate for ALL is:
|
80%
|
|
|
Overall cure rate for ALL is:
|
80%
|
|
|
if ALL relapses, usually occurs where (3)
|
Bone marrow
CNS Testes |
|
|
if ALL relapses, usually occurs where (3)
|
Bone marrow
CNS Testes |
|
|
Cure rate for AML
|
50%
|
|
|
Cure rate for AML
|
50%
|
|
|
if relapse of AML, what is prognosis?
|
Poor
|
|
|
if relapse of AML, what is prognosis?
|
Poor
|
|
|
what is third MC malignancy of childhood?
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
what is third MC malignancy of childhood?
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
T/F Non-Hodgkins has 5 subtypes all mildly malignant
|
F -3, highly malignant
|
|
|
T/F Non-Hodgkins has 5 subtypes all mildly malignant
|
F -3, highly malignant
|
|
|
what is the peak of Hodgkins
|
adolscents & young adults & again after age 50
|
|
|
what is the peak of Hodgkins
|
adolscents & young adults & again after age 50
|
|
|
T/F Hodgkins is rare in children under 5
|
True
|
|
|
T/F Hodgkins is rare in children under 5
|
True
|
|
|
non-hodgkins risk increase with:
|
age
|
|
|
non-hodgkins risk increase with:
|
age
|
|
|
Painless, firm lymphadenopathy (supraclavicular, mediastinal or cervical node), cough, SOB, fever, drenching night sweats, possible weight loss - think...
|
Hodgkin's disease
|
|
|
Painless, firm lymphadenopathy (supraclavicular, mediastinal or cervical node), cough, SOB, fever, drenching night sweats, possible weight loss - think...
|
Hodgkin's disease
|
|
|
What is the pathological hallmark of Hodgkin's disease?
|
Reed Sternberg
|
|
|
What is the pathological hallmark of Hodgkin's disease?
|
Reed Sternberg
|
|
|
Prognosis for Hodgkins
|
90% over 5 y
|
|
|
Prognosis for Hodgkins
|
90% over 5 y
|
|
|
Prognosis for non-Hodgkins
|
70-90% over 3 y
|
|
|
Prognosis for non-Hodgkins
|
70-90% over 3 y
|
|
|
What is the MC tumor of childhood
|
CNS tumor
|
|
|
What is the MC tumor of childhood
|
CNS tumor
|
|
|
When do CNS tumors peak?
|
before age 10
|
|
|
When do CNS tumors peak?
|
before age 10
|
|
|
5 year prognosis for CNS tumors =
|
50-60%
|
|
|
5 year prognosis for CNS tumors =
|
50-60%
|
|
|
Brainstem gliomas are T/F 50% fatal
|
F - nearly universally fatal
|
|
|
Brainstem gliomas are T/F 50% fatal
|
F - nearly universally fatal
|
|
|
MC extracranial solid tumor =
|
neuroblastoma
|
|
|
MC extracranial solid tumor =
|
neuroblastoma
|
|
|
What is the MC malignancy of infancy
|
neuroblastoma
|
|
|
What is the MC malignancy of infancy
|
neuroblastoma
|
|
|
what is the medium age for neuroblastomas?
|
20 months
|
|
|
what is the medium age for neuroblastomas?
|
20 months
|
|
|
What is the most common presentation of a neuroblastoma
|
abdominal pain and mass
|
|
|
What is the most common presentation of a neuroblastoma
|
abdominal pain and mass
|
|
|
45% of neuroblastomas arise from where?
|
adrenal glands
|
|
|
45% of neuroblastomas arise from where?
|
adrenal glands
|
|
|
T/F about 25% of neuroblastomas come from intraperitoneal sympathetic ganglia
|
F - retroperitoneal sympathetic ganglia
|
|
|
T/F about 25% of neuroblastomas come from intraperitoneal sympathetic ganglia
|
F - retroperitoneal sympathetic ganglia
|
|
|
A neuroblastoma is a tumor that comes from what type of cell lineage?
|
neural crest cells
|
|
|
A neuroblastoma is a tumor that comes from what type of cell lineage?
|
neural crest cells
|
|
|
What percent of neuroblastomas produce catecholamines?
|
90%
|
|
|
What percent of neuroblastomas produce catecholamines?
|
90%
|
|
|
Neuroblatomas account for ___% of childhood cancers but ___% of deaths
|
8, 15
|
|
|
Neuroblatomas account for ___% of childhood cancers but ___% of deaths
|
8, 15
|
|
|
What is the MC malignant renal tumor of childhood
|
Wilms
|
|
|
What is the MC malignant renal tumor of childhood
|
Wilms
|
|
|
Wilm's tumors are associated with what type of abnormalities
|
congenital genital urinary tract abnormalties
|
|
|
Wilm's tumors are associated with what type of abnormalities
|
congenital genital urinary tract abnormalties
|
|
|
what syndrome has an increased risk of Wilm's tumor
|
Sato
|
|
|
what syndrome has an increased risk of Wilm's tumor
|
Sato
|
|
|
a localized wilms tumor has a cure rate of:
|
~ >85%
|
|
|
a localized wilms tumor has a cure rate of:
|
~ >85%
|
|
|
sarcomas can be either:
|
soft tissue or bone
|
|
|
sarcomas can be either:
|
soft tissue or bone
|
|
|
what is the MC soft tissue sarcoma in kids
|
Rhabdomyosarcoma
|
|
|
what is the MC soft tissue sarcoma in kids
|
Rhabdomyosarcoma
|
|
|
where does a rhabdomyosarcoma arise
|
skeletal muscle
|
|
|
where does a rhabdomyosarcoma arise
|
skeletal muscle
|
|
|
what is the MC malignant none CA in kids (2)
|
osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma
|
|
|
what is the MC malignant none CA in kids (2)
|
osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma
|
|
|
what cells give rise to a Ewing's sarcoma?
|
neural crest
|
|
|
what cells give rise to a Ewing's sarcoma?
|
neural crest
|
|
|
where do osteosarcomas come from
|
mesenchymal stem cells
|
|
|
where do osteosarcomas come from
|
mesenchymal stem cells
|
|
|
Where do osteosarcomas form?
|
epiphysis of bones
metaphysis distal femur proximal humerus |
|
|
Where do osteosarcomas form?
|
epiphysis of bones
metaphysis distal femur proximal humerus |
|
|
T/F a rhabdomyosarcoma can have decreased EOM or CN involvement
|
T
|
|
|
T/F a rhabdomyosarcoma can have decreased EOM or CN involvement
|
T
|
|
|
In rhabdomyosarcomas are the masses or the mets painful?
|
mets painful
|
|
|
In rhabdomyosarcomas are the masses or the mets painful?
|
mets painful
|
|
|
75% of epiphyseal fractures are this type
|
Salter Harris 2
|
|
|
75% of epiphyseal fractures are this type
|
Salter Harris 2
|
|
|
when should ortalanis and Bartlow's be performed
|
before 2 months ideally
|
|
|
when should ortalanis and Bartlow's be performed
|
before 2 months ideally
|
|
|
what is galezzi sign
|
baby supine, flex knee and hip, look for one leg being shorter than the other
|
|
|
what is galezzi sign
|
baby supine, flex knee and hip, look for one leg being shorter than the other
|
|
|
what is human position?
|
hips flexed and abducted
|
|
|
what is human position?
|
hips flexed and abducted
|
|
|
transient monoarticular synovitis hurts worse with what movement?
|
abduction and internal rotation
|
|
|
transient monoarticular synovitis hurts worse with what movement?
|
abduction and internal rotation
|
|
|
What is cause of transient monoarticular synovitis?
|
viral 7-14 days after URI
|
|
|
What is cause of transient monoarticular synovitis?
|
viral 7-14 days after URI
|
|
|
how is a transient monoarticular synovitis treated?
|
rest, NSAIDs
|
|
|
how is a transient monoarticular synovitis treated?
|
rest, NSAIDs
|
|
|
Legg Cath Perthe =
|
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
|
|
|
Legg Cath Perthe =
|
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
|
|
|
what is the mean age for legg cathe perthe?
|
mean = 7
age range = 3-12, boys 5:1 |
|
|
what is the mean age for legg cathe perthe?
|
mean = 7
age range = 3-12, boys 5:1 |
|
|
what motion needs to be avoided in legg cath perthe?
|
abduction & internal rotation
|
|
|
what motion needs to be avoided in legg cath perthe?
|
abduction & internal rotation
|
|
|
If > 10 with leg cath perth, what is chance of OA?
|
100%
|
|
|
If > 10 with leg cath perth, what is chance of OA?
|
100%
|
|
|
if 6-9 w/legg cath perth, what is the chance of OA?
|
40%
|
|
|
if 6-9 w/legg cath perth, what is the chance of OA?
|
40%
|
|
|
what is the MC adolescent hip disorder?
|
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
|
|
|
what is the MC adolescent hip disorder?
|
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
|
|
|
what is chance of bilateral SCFE?
|
20%
20-40% progress to bilateral |
|
|
what is chance of bilateral SCFE?
|
20%
20-40% progress to bilateral |
|
|
what is the mean age for SCFE?
|
12 males
11 females |
|
|
what is the mean age for SCFE?
|
12 males
11 females |
|
|
patients with SCFE will try to hold the leg how?
|
in eternal rotation
|
|
|
patients with SCFE will try to hold the leg how?
|
in eternal rotation
|
|
|
what will be seen on xray with SCFE?
|
widened physis
|
|
|
what will be seen on xray with SCFE?
|
widened physis
|
|
|
is a 3 more severe than a 1 in SCFE?
|
yes
|
|
|
is a 3 more severe than a 1 in SCFE?
|
yes
|
|
|
epiphysiolysis of proximal humeral physis =
|
little league elbow
|
|
|
epiphysiolysis of proximal humeral physis =
|
little league elbow
|
|
|
Nursemaid elbow causes what change to elbow?
|
slippage of the annular ligament from radial head causing a subluxation between 2 joint spaces
|
|
|
Nursemaid elbow causes what change to elbow?
|
slippage of the annular ligament from radial head causing a subluxation between 2 joint spaces
|
|
|
what is bow leged
|
genu varum
|
|
|
what is bow leged
|
genu varum
|
|
|
what is knock kneed
|
genu valgum
|
|
|
what is knock kneed
|
genu valgum
|
|
|
kids less than 1 have bowed legs from what?
|
normal external rotation of hips and internal tibial torsion. usually corrects itself by age 2
|
|
|
kids less than 1 have bowed legs from what?
|
normal external rotation of hips and internal tibial torsion. usually corrects itself by age 2
|
|
|
T/F knock knees corrects itself between ages 3-4 and resolves between ages 5-8
|
T
|
|
|
T/F knock knees corrects itself between ages 3-4 and resolves between ages 5-8
|
T
|
|
|
what is the MC cause of in-toeing in kids>2?
|
femoral anteversion
|
|
|
what is the MC cause of in-toeing in kids>2?
|
femoral anteversion
|
|
|
kids who in-toe should not sit in what position
|
W
|
|
|
kids who in-toe should not sit in what position
|
W
|
|
|
intoeing from what is the cuase in kids less than 2?
|
tibial torsion
(tibial torsion <2, femoral torsion >2) |
|
|
intoeing from what is the cuase in kids less than 2?
|
tibial torsion
(tibial torsion <2, femoral torsion >2) |
|
|
What is Blount's disease?
|
non-physiologic bow leggedness - pathological
|
|
|
What is Blount's disease?
|
non-physiologic bow leggedness - pathological
|
|
|
what causes Blount's diseas?
|
abnormal growth of medial aspect of proximal tibial epiphysis
|
|
|
what causes Blount's diseas?
|
abnormal growth of medial aspect of proximal tibial epiphysis
|
|
|
Blount's disease is most common in...
|
infants, especially black female obese child. 80% have bilaterally
|
|
|
Blount's disease is most common in...
|
infants, especially black female obese child. 80% have bilaterally
|
|
|
when is a popliteal cyst common?
|
middle childhood years
|
|
|
when is a popliteal cyst common?
|
middle childhood years
|
|
|
T/F osteochondritis dessicans usually happens in knee and medial aspect of femoral condyle and requires no tx most of the time
|
true
|
|
|
T/F osteochondritis dessicans usually happens in knee and medial aspect of femoral condyle and requires no tx most of the time
|
true
|
|
|
how long does the pain of osgood schlatter usually last?
|
12 -24 months
|
|
|
how long does the pain of osgood schlatter usually last?
|
12 -24 months
|
|
|
when does osgood schlatter usually onset?
|
11 females
13-14 males |
|
|
when does osgood schlatter usually onset?
|
11 females
13-14 males |
|
|
T/F patellar femoral syndrome is more common in boys
|
false - girls
|
|
|
T/F patellar femoral syndrome is more common in boys
|
false - girls
|
|
|
spondylolysis is a defect where?
|
pars interarticularis vertebrae
|
|
|
spondylolysis is a defect where?
|
pars interarticularis vertebrae
|
|
|
T/F there is a scottie dog fracture in spondylolysis
|
F - no fracture/slippage
|
|
|
T/F there is a scottie dog fracture in spondylolysis
|
F - no fracture/slippage
|
|
|
spondylolisthesis is:
|
slippage of one vertebra on vertebra below it - grade 1-4
|
|
|
spondylolisthesis is:
|
slippage of one vertebra on vertebra below it - grade 1-4
|
|
|
T/F spondylolisthesis shows a scottie dog deformity
|
T
|
|
|
T/F spondylolisthesis shows a scottie dog deformity
|
T
|
