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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cranial Nerves
How many? Where? |
12 Pairs
Arise from underside of brain |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Olfactory
I Smell Sensory Anosmia -loss of smell |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Optic
II Vision Sensory Anopsias - blindness in eye |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Oculomotor
III Motor (Voluntary) - moves eyeball and eyelid Double vision, ptosis (upper eyeliddroop) if III damaged |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Trochlear
IV Motor - Moves eye downward and laterally SMALLES CRANIAL NERVE Doublevision; decreased ability to rotate if IV damaged |
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What?
What number? What is function? (3 devisions) |
Trigeminal
V Opthamalic Division -sensory, anterior scalp, nose eyelid sensation; crying Maxillary Division - sensory, pain & tough of palate, upper teeth, skin of cheek, upper lip, lower eyelid Mandibular Division - sensory & motor; chewing, sensations from lower teeth, gum and lip LARGES CRANIAL NERVE Eye cannot be moved laterally if VIdamaged |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Abducens
VI Motor - Extrinsic eye muscles, abducts eyeball Bell’s palsy if damaged |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Facial
VII Motor - expression Sensory - taste large nerve |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Vestibulocochlear
VIII Vestibular branch - balance Cochlear branch - hearing |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Glossopharynegeal
IX Motor - swallowing Swallowing and taste impaired if IXdamaged |
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What? What number? What is function?
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Vagus
X -only cranial nerve to extend beyond head and neck - sensory & motor automatic |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Accessory
XI Motor - muscles of soft palate, pharynx and larynx, swallowing shrugging shoulders and turning head difficult if damaged |
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What?
What number? What is function? |
Hypoglossal
XII Motor - movement of tongue, chewing, swallowing if damaged, difficulty speaking and swallowing |
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What three layers does the eyeball contain?
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Fibrous
Vascular Sensory |
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internal cavity is filled with fluids
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humors
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Fibrous Layer
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outermost layer
two regions sclera and cornea |
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sclera
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opaque posterior region
protects and shapes eyeball anchors extrinsic eye muscles |
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Cornea
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Transparent anterior 1/6 fibrous layer
bends light as it enters the eye numerous pain receptors contribute to blinking and tearing reflexes |
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Vascular layer
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middle pigmented layer
three regions: choroid ciliary body iris |
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choroid region
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posterior portion of the uvea
supplies blood to all layers of the eyeball brown pigment absorbs light to prevent visual confusion |
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Ciliary Body
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ring of tissue surrounding the lens
controls lens shape and holds lens in position |
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Iris
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colored part of the eye
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Retina
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sensory layer
two-layered membrane Pigmented layer (outer): absorbs light and prevents its scattering stores vitamin A Neural layer (inner) photoreceptor cells that transmit and process signals |
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external ear is composed of?
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Auricle: helix (rim)lobule (earlobe) External acoustic meatus: short, curved tube like with skin bearing hairs tympanic membrane eardrum |
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middle ear
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a small, air-filled, muscosa-lined cavity in the temporal bone
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what is the epitymanic recess?
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superior portion of the middle ear
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what is the pharngotmpanic tube?
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connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx
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what are the three ear bones?
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malleus
incus stapes |
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What are the three biggest overview of spinal nerves?
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1. send info from sensory receptors to spinal cord
2. carry info from spinal cord to effectors 3. spinal nerves are mixed nerves because they contain both sensory and motor axons |
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Spinal nerve division
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31 pairs
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal |
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Spinal nerve plexuses
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groups of nerves that work together
1. cervical plexus 2. brachial plexus 3. lumbar plexus 4. sacral plexus |
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cervical plexus
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anterior rami - branches of the spinal nerve
phrenic nerve - diaphragm, breathing |
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Brachial plexus
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serves shoulders and upper limbs
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Lumbar Plexus
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skin and muscles of abdominal wall
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sacral plexus
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gluts, most of lower limbs
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whatis a reflex?
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quick, automatic, subconscious, involuntary response to stimuli
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What is the functional unit of nervous system?
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nerve pathway
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What are the reflex arc components?
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receptor
sensory neurons integration center motor neuron effector |
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Stretch Reflexes
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Knee jerk reflex
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Deep tendon Reflex
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Biceps, triceps
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Flexor Reflex
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hamstring (steping on a nail)
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Superficial Reflex
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Pantar reflex (stroking foor)
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