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29 Cards in this Set
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Abstraction |
• Nonrepresentational art • Forms and colors are arranged without reference to the depiction of an object |
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Abstract Expressionism |
• First major American avant-garde movement • Emerged in New York City in the 1940s • Artists produced abstract paintings that expressed their state of mind + they hoped they would strike emotional chords in viewers • Developed along two lines: gestural abstraction + chromatic abstraction |
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American Exceptionalism |
• Belief that the United States differs qualitatively from other developed nations • National credo • Historical evolution • Distinctive political + religious institutions |
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Avant-garde |
• French, "advance guard" (in a platoon) • Late-19th-and 20th-century artists who emphasized innovation + challenged established convention in their work • Also used as an adjective |
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Bauhaus |
• School of architecture in Germany in the 1920s • Under the aegis of Walter Gropius • Emphasized the unity of art, architecture + design |
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Color-Field Painting |
• Variant of Post-Painterly Abstraction • Artists sought to reduce painting to its physical essence • Poured diluted paint onto unprimed canvas + let the pigments soak into the fabric • Exemplified by the work of Helen Frankenthaler and Morris Louis. |
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Conceptualism |
• a.k.a. Conceptual art • American avant-garde art movement of the 1960s • Premise was that the "artfulness" of art lay in the artist's idea rather than its final expression |
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Cubism |
• Early-20th-century art movement • Rejected naturalistic depictions • Preferred compositions of shapes + forms abstracted from the conventionally perceived world |
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Dadaism |
• Early-20th-century art movement • Prompted by a revulsion against the horror of WWI • Embraced political anarchy, the irrational + the intuitive • A disdain for convention, often enlivened by humor or whimsy, is characteristic of the art the Dadaists produced |
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Daguerreotype |
• Photograph made by an early method on a plate of chemically treated metal • Developed by Louis J. M. Daguerre |
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Futurism |
• Early-20th-century Italian art movement • Championed war as a cleansing agent • Celebrated the speed + dynamism of modern technology |
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German expressionism |
• Early-20th-century regional Expressionist movement • Valued emotionality over objectivity • Artists frequently used bold + non-naturalistic colors to communicate feelings • Sometimes bold, geometrically absurd + hard edged angles |
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Globalization |
• The accelerating interconnectivity of human activity and information across time and space • (spreading/commodification of art and culture?) |
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Impressionism |
• Late-19th-century art movement • Sought to capture a fleeting moment • Convey the elusiveness + impermanence of images + conditions |
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Japonisme |
•French fascination with all things Japanese • Emerged in the second half of the 19th century |
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Lithograph |
• Print produced through a printmaking technique: • Artist uses an oil-based crayon to draw directly on a stone plate • Wipes water onto the stone • Ink is rolled onto the plate + it adheres only to the drawing |
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Minimalism |
• Predominantly sculptural American trend of the 1960s • Characterized by works featuring a severe reduction of form, often to single + homogeneous units |
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Modernism |
• Movement in Western art that developed in the second half of the 19th century • Sought to capture the images and sensibilities of the age • Goes beyond simply dealing with the present • Involves the artist's critical examination of the premises of art itself |
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Neoclassicism |
• Style of art and architecture that emerged in the late 18th century • Part of a general revival of interest in classical cultures • Artists adopted themes + styles from ancient Greece + Rome |
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Performance Art |
• American avant-garde art trend of the 1960s • Made time an integral element of art • Produced works in which movements, gestures + sounds of persons communicating with an audience replace physical objects • Documentary photographs are generally the only evidence remaining after these events |
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Pop art |
• Term coined by British art critic Lawrence Alloway to refer to a type of art that first appeared in the 1950s • Incorporated elements from consumer culture, the mass media + popular culture, such as images from motion pictures and advertising |
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Postcolonialism |
• a.k.a. Postcolonial art • Art produced in response to the aftermath of colonial rule • Frequently addresses issues of national + cultural identity, race + ethnicity |
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Post-Impressionism |
• Term used to describe the stylistically heterogeneous work of the group of late-19th-century painters in France • Includes Van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat, and Cezanne • More systematically examined the properties + expressive qualities of line, pattern, form + color than the Impressionists did |
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Postmodernism |
• Reaction against modernist formalism, which was seen as elitist • Far more encompassing + accepting than the more rigid confines of modernist practice • Offers something for everyone by accommodating a wide range of styles, subjects + formats (from traditional easel painting to installation and from abstraction to illusionistic scenes) • Often includes irony or reveals a self-conscious awareness of the position of the artist in the history of art |
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Provincial |
Art with/that: • Local or restricted interests or outlook • Lacking urban polish or refinement • Of or relating to a decorative style (as in furniture) marked by simplicity, informality, and relative plainness • Noting or pertaining to the styles of architecture, furniture, etc., found in the provinces, especially when imitating styles currently or formerly in fashion in or around the capital |
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Realism |
• Movement that emerged in mid-19th-century France • Artists represented the subject matter of everyday life (especially subjects that previously had been considered inappropriate for depiction) in a relatively naturalistic mode |
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Romanticism |
• Western cultural phenomenon, beginning around 1750 + ending about 1850 • Gave precedence to feeling + imagination over reason + thought • More narrowly, the art movement that flourished from about 1800 to 1840 |
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Surrealism |
• Successor to Dada • Incorporated the improvisational nature of its predecessor into its exploration of the ways to express in art the world of dreams + the unconscious • Biomorphic Surrealists, such as Joan Miro, produced largely abstract compositions • Naturalistic Surrealists, notably Salvador Dali, presented recognizable scenes transformed into a dream or nightmare image |
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Synesthesia |
• Refers to a wide variety of artists' experiments that have explored the co-operation, mixing, + crossing of the senses • Genres of visual music, music visualization, audiovisual art, abstract film, + intermedia |
