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241 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Physiology
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the study of how the body functions is pysiology
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Patholoygy
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the study of disease
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Study of an antatomist
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would be like the structure of the stomach
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A disease called Retina
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this disease would be best studied in Pathology
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Structure of the inner ear
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The field of study best suited for this is Anatomy
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The levels of organization in the body from simplest to most complex
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cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
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Circulatory system
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the system that transport blood to and from the cell
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Skeletal system
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the system comprised of the bones and the joints
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Metabolism
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a term for all the reactions that sustain life
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anabolic reaction
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a reaction in which simple compounds are assemsbled into more complex compounds (is most accurately descibed as asbolic reaction.
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catabolic reacion
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the breakdown of complex glycogen molecules into simple glucose molecules
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Example of positve feedback
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a rise in estrogen levels stimulates the production of a hormone that stimulates estrogen production
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positive feedback
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a given action promotes more of the same.
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lateral
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a term that means Farther from the midline of the body
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inferior
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while the feet are referred to as the inferior end (Latin inferior: "below").
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medial
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a term that descibes the position of the hypogastric region of the abdomen with respect to the iliac region
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Proximal
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The term that best describes the position of the elbow with respect to the hand. The term proximal (Latin proximus; nearest) is used to describe where the appendage joins the body, and the term distal (Latin distare; to stand away from) is used for the point furthest from the point of attachment to the body.
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Cranial
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A directinal tern that means nearer to the head
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Transversal Plane or Horizontal Plane
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A Plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts
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Frontal Plane
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A plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
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Dorsal Cavity
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Contains the brain and the spinal cord.
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Abdominopelvic Cavity
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A cavity in the body that contains the small intestine, stomach, and liver.
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Pelvic Cavity
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This is where the bladder is located
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Hypogastric Region
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is the most inferior medial region of the abdomen
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Iliac region
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The iliac region of the body is also called the inguninal region
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1000 (ml)
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the number of milliliter in a liter
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gram
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is the basic unit of weight in the metric system
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Quart
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the volume is US measurments that is closest to a liter
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0.25 (ml)
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is equal to 250 milligrams
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1250 (ml)
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125 centimeters is equivalent to how many millimeters.
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The metric prefix that means 1000 is:
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Kilo
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Homeo
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is best defined as (same)
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tissue
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A specialized group of cells
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Respitory System
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The system that takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide.
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Intergentary system
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the skin and associated structures.
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Nervous system
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the system that includes the spinal cord and the brain
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Metabolism
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refers to all of the catabolic and anabolic reactions that go on within the body.
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Intercellular Fluid
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fluid within the cells
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Extercellurlar fluid
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Blood and Lymph are exmaples
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Homeostasis
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a term describing a state of interal balance.
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Distal
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A term that means farther from the orgin of a structure
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Sagittal Plane
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A plane that divides the body into left and right parts.
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Coranol Plane
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Is another term for the frontal plane, a cut down the middle of the body, giving you an anterior, or ventral (front) section and a posterior or ventral (back) section.
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Diaphram
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the muscle separation the thoratic cavity from the abdomial cavity
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Liter
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The basic unit of volume in the metric system
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Celcius c*
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the temperature scale used for scentific measurment.
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The suffix -logy
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Means Study Of
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Define Metabolism and explain the differences between the 2 types of reactions involved
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Metabolism is all life substaining reactions. Catabolism: is the complex substances are broken down into simpler compounds, Anabolism is the building phase of metabolism.
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Feedback
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Used in the endrocrine system to maintain proper levels of hormones. Feedback is the main method for maintaining homeostasis, a control system bases on information returning to the source.
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Negative Feedback
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When actions are reversed this is usually the form of negative feedback. Most feedback systems keep the body conditions within a set normal range by reversing any upward or downward shift. Ex. The thermostat in the house. When the house tempature falls, the thermostat triggers the furnace to turn on and increase the temp. when the house temp. reaches an upper limit, the furnance will shut off.
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Postive Feedback
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In which a given action promotes more of the same. The process of childbirth illustrates positive feedback. As the contractions of labor begin, the muscles of the uterus are stretched. In postive feedback, activities continue until the stimulus is removed or some outside force interrupts the activity
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body cavities
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Internally the body is divided into a few large cavities which contain organs. The two main cavities in are the dorsal carvity and the ventral cavity.
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Dorsal Cavity
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The dorsal cavity has 2 subdivisons, containing the brain and the spinal cavity (canal) enclosing the spinal cord. These two areas form one continuous space.
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Ventral Cavity
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The ventral cavity is much larger than the dorsal cavity. It has 2 Main subdivsions that are separated by the diaphram, the Thoracic cavity and the Abdominalpelvic Cavity.
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Thoracic Cavity
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is located superior (above) to the diaphram. Its contents include the heart, and the lungs, and the large blood vessels that join the heart.
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Mediatinum
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is the space between the lungs, including the organs and vessels contained in that space.
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abdominopelvic Cavity
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Is located inferior (below) the diaphram. This space is divided by 2 subdivided regions. The abdomial cavity and the pelvic cavity.
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ABDOMINAL CAVITY
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This cavity is a subdivision on the abdominpelivic cavity. This cavity contains the stomach, most of the intestines, the liver, gallbladder, the pancreas, and the spleen.
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PELVIC CAVITY
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This is considered to be an imaginary line cut off across the top of the hip bones. This cavity contains the urinary bladder, the rectum and the internal parts of the repoductive system.
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EPIGASTRIC REGION
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located just inferior (below) to the breastbone
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UMBILICAL REGION
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around the umblicus , commonly called the navel
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HYPOGASTRIC REGION
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The most inferior (below) of all the midline regiions
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RIGHT AND LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGIONS
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just inferior (below) to the ribs.
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LUMBAR REGION, BOTH RIGHT AND LEFT
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which are level with the lumbar regions of the spine.
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ILIAC REGION OR INGUNIAL REGIONS
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names for the upper chest of the hipbone and the groin region, respectively.
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(RUQ), (LUQ), (RLQ), (LLQ)
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right upper quandrant, left upper quandrant, right lower quandrant, left lower quandrant.
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Hygrogen
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the element that is combined in with oxygen in water
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Protons
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In chemistry and physics, the atomic number (also known as the proton number) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.
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Electron
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a negatively charged particle obriting the nucleus of an atom
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Neutron
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an uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom
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Molecule
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a unit formed by the union of two or more atoms
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suspension
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a mixture in which the components separate unless shaken
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Solvent
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a substance in which another substance is dissolved
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Water
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the universal solvent
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Ion
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a charged atom or group of atoms
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Covelent Bond
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a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between elements
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Anion
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a negatively charged Ion
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Electrolytes
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Compounds that release ions in solution
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Hydrogen
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Hydrogen is the most abundant of the chemical elements, constituting roughly 75% of the universe's elemental mass
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The PH of a solution
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is based on its concentration of the element hydrogen
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A substance with a PH of 8.5 is
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Base
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chemistry
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the science that deals with the composition and properties of matter
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Matter
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Is anything that takes up space, the materials from which all the of the universe is made.
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Elements
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are the substances that make up all matter. The food you eat, the atmosphere, water, everythiing you can see and touch. There are 92 natually occuring elements. Twenty additional elements have been created in the lab.
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Examples of elements
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various gases, such as hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, liquids,such as mercury used in barometers and other scientfic instrruments. Many solids such as gold, silver, and zinc, diamonds. etc.
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all Enzymes
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are proteins
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hypophobic substance
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repels water
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Radioisotopes
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are uses for cancer (radiation) treatment. They are also used for diagnosis. Xrays use radioiotopes, Also, radioisotopes can be taken into the body and used to diagnose tissue abnormalities
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Organ Compounds
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1) contain carbon, 2) form large, complex molecules, and 3) found in living things
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Monosaccharides
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are simple sugars consisting of a single sugar residue. An example is glucose.
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Disaccharides
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Consists of two simple surgars, and example would be maltose
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Polysaccharides
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Consists of many simple sugars linked together. Examples are starch and glycogen.
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Enzymes are proteins
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They are often inactivated by extreme heat.
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Mono=, sacchar/o=, and -ase=
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Mono means one, saccahar/o means sugar, and -ase signifies an enzyme. Monosacharidase would thus be an enzme that acts on simple sugars.
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MICROMETER
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the metric unit used to for microscopic measurements
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TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
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the miscrosope with the highest mignifaication
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SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE
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the plasma membrane best decribed.
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PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND CHOLESTEROL
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the major lipids in the plasma membrane
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TRANSPORTER
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a membrane protein that changes shape to move substances across the plasma membrane
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LINKER
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a membrane protein that attaches cells to other cells.
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MITOCHONDRION
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an organelle that produces energy for the cell
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NUCEOLI
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small bodies involved in the manufacturing of proteins.
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IF A CELL LACKED CENTRIOLES, IT WOULD NOT BE ABLE TOO:
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divide
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Peroxisome
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A particular cell type specializies in breaking down harmful by products of metabolism, this cell would contain very high levels of?
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Mitochondria
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In cell biology, a mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed organelle that is found in most eukaryotic cells.[1] Mitochondria are sometimes described as "cellular power plants," because they generate most of the cell's supply of ATP, used as a source of chemical energy.
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NUCLEOTIDE CONTAINS
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a nitogen base, a sugar unit and a phosphate unit.
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NUCLEOLUS
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a small body in the nucleus, composed of RNA, DNA and protein, their function is to make Ribosomes.
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PLASMA MEMBRANE
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is the outer layer of the cell composed mainly of lipids and proteins, their function is to enclose the cell contents, regulate what enters and leaves the cell, pariticpate in many activities, such as growth, repuduction, and interactions between cells.
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CYTOPLASM
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Colloidal suspension that fills the cell from the nuclear membrane to the plasma membrane, their function is to site of many cellular activities, consists of cytosol and organelles.
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NUCLEUS
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large, dark staining organelle near the center of the cell, composed of DNA and proteins, they contain the chromosomes, the hereditary units that direct ALL cellular activities.
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VESICLES
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small membrane bound bubbles in the cytoplasm, they store materials and move materials into or out of the cell in bulk.
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PINOCYTOSIS (CELL DRINKING)
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droplets of fluid that are taken in by the cell.
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PROPHASE (MITOSIS)
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first part of the cell division, the phase in mitosis during which the chromosomes are condense (visble).
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ANAPHASE (MITOSIS)
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third order in the stage of mitosis. The phase of mitosis when the chomosomes pull apart, separate, and go in different directions.
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DIFFUSION
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is the constant movement of particles from a region of relatively higher concentration to one of lower concentration.
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SIMPLE DIFFUSION
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a process moves a substance that can freely pass throught the plasma membrane
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THE EFFECT OF OSMOSIS ON CELLS, WATER MOVES THROUGH A RED BLOOD CELL MEMBRANE IN SOLUTIONS WITH 3 DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF SOLUTE?
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Isonic - has the same concentration of dissolved substances as the fluid in the cell, (0.9% salt (normal saline) 5% dextrose (glucose), There is no effect on the cell, the cell is in equilibrium with its enviroment.
Hypotonic - has a lower conventration of dissolved substances than the fluid in the cell, (less than 0.9% salt, or 5% dextrose) The effect on the cell would be, the cell takes in the water, swells, and may burst; red blood cells undergoes hemolysis. Hypertonic - Has a higher concentration of the dissolved substances than in the fluid of the cell (higher than 0.9% salt, or 5% dextrose), the cell will lose water and shrink, cell undergoes crenation. |
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A RISK FACTOR FOR CANCER?
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eating a high fat diet.
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NAME A CELL POPULATION THAT WOULD BE CONSIDERED A CANCER?
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a cell population that reproduces excessively and migrates
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PINO-
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To Drink
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DEFINITION OF THE WORD ENDOSOME?
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a body within
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MEMBRANE PROTEIN
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membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle. More than half of all proteins interact with membranes. Membrane proteins can be classified into two groups, based on the strength of their association with the membrane.
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NAME A MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?
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Channels - Pores in the membrane that allow passage of specific substances, such as ions.
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NAME A MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?
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Transporters - Shuttle substances, such as glucose, across the membrane
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NAME A MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?
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Receptors - allow for the attachment of substances, such as hormones, to the membrane
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NAME A MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?
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Enzymes - participate in reactions at the surface of the membrane
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NAME A MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?
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Linkers - Give structure to the membrane and attach cells to other cells
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NAME A MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND ITS FUNCTION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?
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Cell Identity Markers - Proteins unique to a persons cells; important in the immune system and in transplantation of tissue from one person to another.
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COMPARE AND CONTRAST SIMPLE DIFFUSION AND FACILITATED DIFFUSION. LIST ONE SIMILARITY AND ONE DIFFERENCE?
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Both simple and facilitated diffusion move a substance down its concentration gradient. Facilitated diffusion uses transporters, simple diffusion does not. Facilitated diffusion moves substances at a faster rate than simple diffusion.
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ANOTHER NAME FOR OSSEOUS TISSUE?
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Bone
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Columnar, squamous, cuboidal (square), Transitional epithelium, stratified, pseudostratified, simple epithelial, Simple squamous epithelium, stratifed squamous epithelial.
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Epithelial cells
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COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
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a term that decribes long, narrow epithelial cells
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SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE
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A term for flat, irregular epithelial cells.
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MUCUS
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A sticky protective fluid secreted by some epithelial cells.
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MYELIN
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Myelin is an electrically insulating phospholipid layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons
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HISTOLOGY
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The study of tissue.
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ADIPOSE TISSUE
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A type of connective tissue that stores fat
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COLLAGEN
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A flexible white protein that makes up many of the fibers in connective tissue
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MEMBRANES
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Are thin sheets of tissue. Their properties vary: some are fragile, others tough, some are transparent, other opaque (they cannot be seen though). They may cover a surface, may serve as a dividing partition, may line a hollow organ or body cavity, or may anchor an organ. They may contain cells that secrete lubricants to ease the movement of organs, such as the heart and lung, and the movement of joints.
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PERITONEUM (LARGEST SEROUS MEMBRANE)
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It lines the walls of the abdominal cavity, covers organs of the abdomen, and forms supporting and protective structures within the abdomen.
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SEROUS MEMBRANE
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line the closed ventral body cavities and do not connect with the outside body. They secrete a thin, watery lubricant known as serous fluid, that allows organs to move with a minimum friction.
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GLANDS
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A gland is an organ specialized to produce a substance that is sent out to other parts of the body. The gland manufactures these secretions from materials removed from the blood. Glands are divided into 2 categories, based on how they release their secretions.
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DEEP FASIA
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a connective tissue membrane that covers and protects skeletal muscles
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SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES
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are thin connective tissue membranes that line the joint cavities. They secrete a lubricating fluid that reduces friction between the ends of the bones, thus permitting free movement of the joints. Synovial membranes also line small cushioning sacs near the joints called BURSAE.
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CAPSULES
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a layer of dense connective tissue around an organ such as the liver or kidney.
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TENDONS
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a cord of connective tissue that joins a muscle to a bone.
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PERICHONDRIUM
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is the membrane around cartliage.
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MALIGNANT TUMOR
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A tumor that speads to other tissues. The general term for any type of malignant tumor is CANCER.
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METASTASIS
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the process of tumor cell spread.
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LIPOMA TUMOR
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a benign tumor in the adipose tissue.
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STAGING
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the medical process of classifying a tumor based on its size and extent of invasion.
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THE TMN SYSTEM
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is commonly used for staging. These letters stand for primary tumor (T), regional lymph nodes (N), and distant metastases (M). TNM system.
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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)
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is the use of X-rays to produce a cross section picture of the body parts, such as the brain.
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IMMUNOOTHERAPY
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The cancer treatment method that uses substances to stimulate the immune system.
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THE PREFIX PSEUDO MEANS?
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False
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THE SUFFIX -ITIS MEANS?
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inflammation
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OSTEOCYTES ARE TO THE BONE AS CHONDROCYTES ARE TO?
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Cartliage
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A SINGLE LAYER OF CLOSELY PACKED CELLS THAT ARE LONG AND NARROW IN STRUCTURE?
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Simple Columnar Epithelium
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A MUSCLE TYPE THAT IS UNDER VOLUNTARY CONTROL?
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Skeletal
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NEUROGLIA
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The support cells of the nervous system.Glial cells, commonly called neuroglia or simply glia (greek for "glue"), are non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system. In the human brain, glia are estimated to outnumber neurons by about 10 to 1.
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AXONS AND DENDRITES
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are fibers of a Neuron
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ATROPHY
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Tissue wastind due to a decrease in cell number.
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DENDRITES
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The fibers that conduct a nerve impulse towards a Neuron cell body.
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FIBROBLAST, COLLAGEN, AND MATRIX
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Are all what connective tissues would contain.
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FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
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most connective tissue contain some fibers, but this type is densely packed with them. Cells called (fibroblast) produce the fibers in connective tissue. Ex. of structures composed of fibrous connective tissue are ligaments, tendons, and capsules (coverings) around certain organs.
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are several laers of membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
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MENINGES
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THE ENDOCHRINE GLANDS SECRETE
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Hormones
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A BAND OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONNECTING 2 BONES IS CALLED?
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Ligament
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VISCERA MUSCLE
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The stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and the urinary bladder, together these organs are known as Visera. So smooth muscle is sometimes referred to as Visceral Muscle.
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Cutaneous Membrane
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THE SKIN IS ALSO CALLED THE?
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TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
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Is tissue that can stretch to accomplish its function. Ex, as in the bladder, when the bladder is empty, the epithelium goes back to its regular shape.
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AREOLAR, A TERM REFERRING TO LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE.
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Areolar connective tissue (or loose connective tissue) is the most widely distributed connective tissue type in vertebrates.
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PLURAE ARE EXAMPLES OF WHICH TYPE OF MEMBRANE?
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They are apart of the Serous membrane, The lungs are surrounded by two membranes, the pleurae. The outer pleura is attached to the chest wall and is known as the parietal pleura; the inner one is attached to the lung and other visceral tissues and is known as the visceral pleura. In between the two is an actual thin space known as the pleural cavity or pleural space.
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PERITONITIS
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Inflammation of the serous membrane within the abdominal cavity.
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THE TISSUE ENCLOSING THE HEART, PART OF A SAC THAT ENCLOSES THE HEART, WHICH IS LOCATED IN THE CHEST BETWEEN THE LUNGS.
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Pericardium, or Serous Pericardium.
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A LUMP IN YOUR ARM THAT HAS BEEN DETERMINED THE LUMP HAS NOT SPREAD AND IS DERIVED FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE, WOULD BEST BE DESCRIBED AS?
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Benign Lipoma
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A NEOPLASM IS ALSO CALLED?
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A Tumor
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CARCINOMA TUMOR
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This type of cancer originates in the epithelium and is by far the most common form of cancer. Usual sites of Carcinoma are skin, mouth, breast, stomach, colon, prostate, and uterus. Carcinomas are usually spread by the lymphatic system.
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SARCOMA TUMOR
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These are cancers of the connective tissue of all kinds and hence may be found anywhere in the body. Their cells are usually spread by the blood system, and they often form secondary growths in the lungs.
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NEUROMA
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is a tumor that arises from a nerve.
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GLIOMA
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Usually a tumor of the nervous system originates in the support (neuroglial) tissue of the brain and spinal cord.
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LYMPHOMA
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A Malignant neoplasm of lymphatic tissue.
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LEUKEMIA
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cancer of white blood cells.
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NAMES OF MALIGNANT TUMORS
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Carcinoma, Sarcoma, Neuroma, Glioma, Lymphoma, Leukemia.
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BIOPSY
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the removal of living tissue from microscopic examination.
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ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
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are used in chemotherapy.
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THE PREFIX NEO- MEANS?
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New
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PERICARDITIS MEANS? BASED ON YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF WORD PARTS.
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Inflammation of the membrane around the heart.
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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The study of how disease affects the body function.
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ACUTE
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a disease that is relatively severe but of a short duration
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PREMENT
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A disease that is prevelant throughout the entire world.
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MORTALITY RATE
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The pertentage of the population that dies from a given disease within a period of time.
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IDIOPATHIC
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A disease without a known cause.
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PROGNOSIS
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A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease.
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DIAGNOSIS
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To treat a patient, a physician must first make a diagnosis. That is reach a conclusion as to the nature of the illness.
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SYMPTOMS
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Conditions of the disease noted by the patient.
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ENDEMIC
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The range of a disease according to geography or particular populations.
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OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION
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An infection that takes hold because the hose has been compromised (weakened) by disease.
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CHIROPRACTIC
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The field that stresses manipulation to correct misalignment for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.
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VECTOR
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An insect or animal that transmits a disease calling organism from one host to another.
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FUNGI
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Is a group that included yeasts and mold, they are examples of a type of microorganism. Mycology is the study of fungi.
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PARASITE
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Any organism that lives in or on a host at the hosts expense. This is an infectious disease commonly called microbe, or germ.
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STREPTOCOCCI (BACTERIA) THE SHAPE AND ARRANGEMENT.
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Spherical bacteria arranged in a chain.
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BACILLI (BACTERIA)
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These cells are straight, slender rods, although some are cigar shaped, with tapered ends. All endospore forming bacteria are Bacilli. Typical disease caused by Bacilli include tetanus, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typoid fever and legionnaires disease.
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SPIRILLA (BATERIA)
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Are long wavelike cells, resembling corkscrews. They cause Asiatic Cholera (is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.[1] Transmission to humans is by ingesting contaminated water or food).
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VIRUS (TREATMENT)
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Unlike these other organisms, however, viruses are not susceptable to antibacterial agents (antibiotics), and must be treated with antiviral agents.
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VIRUS (NAMES)
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Viruses are names according to wher they were isolated (Hanta, Ebola, West Nile), The sympoms they cause (Yellow fever virus, which causes Jaundice, Hepatitis virus, which causes inflammation of the liver), The host (Chickenpox, Human Immunodeficiency virus, swine influenza), or the Vector that carries them (Colorado Tick Fever).
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PROTOZOA (THE ONLY GROUP OF MICROBES THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS ANIMAL LIKE)
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Although Protozoa are also single cell organisms, they are much larger than bacteria. They are found all over the world, in soil and in almost any body of water from moist grass to mud puddles of the sea. There are 4 main division of Protozoa: Amebas, Cilates, Flagellates, and Sporozoa.
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FLATWORMS
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Some Flatworms resemble long ribbons, whereas others have a shape of a leaf.
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TAPEWORMS (ALSO KNOWN AS FLUKES)
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May grow in the intestinal tract to a length of 1.5 meters (5 to 50 feet). They are spead by infected, improperly cooked meats, including beef, pork, and fish.
Flatworms reproductive system is highly developed, so each worm produces an enormous number of eggs, which may then contaminate food, water, and soil. |
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SEPSIS
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Poisioning due to pathogens.
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ASEPSIS
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A condition in which no pathogens are present.
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ASEPTIC METHODS
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Procedures that are designed to kill, remove, or prevent growth of microbes.
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STERILIZATION (AUTOCLAVE)
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To sterilize an object means to kill every living microorganism on it. The time and temp. required to ensure the destruction of all spore forming organisms in sterilization are much greater than those required to kill most pathogens.
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DISINFECTION (2 OTHER TERMS FOR BACTERIA KILLING AGENTS)
1) BACTERICIDE 2) GERMICIDE |
Refers to any measure that kills all pathogens (except spores) but does not necessarily kill all harmless microbes. Disinfection agents used, chlorine bleach, ammonia, and phenol.
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ANTISEPSIS
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This term refers to any process in which pathogens are not necessarily killed bu are prevented from multiplying, a state called (BACTERIOSTASIS). Agents are alcohol, organic iodine, solutions, and hydrogen peroxide.
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CDC IS THE ABBREVIATION FOR THE?
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Center for disease Control and Prevention. (CDC)
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ANTIBIOTICS (ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS)
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A Antibiotic is a substance produced by living cells that has the power to kill or arrest the growth of bacteria. Most Antibiotics are derived from fungi (molds) and soil bacteria.
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GRAM STAIN
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A common stain that turns positive microorganisms a bluish purple color. The bacteria are said to be (Gram Positive) and appear bluish purple under the microscope.
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ACID FAST POSITIVE CELLS RETAIN THE COLOR _ AFTER STAINING.
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Red
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THE WORD PART CHIR/O REFERS TO?
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Hand, Example would be:(CHIR/0PRACTIC) treatment involves the use of the hands for manipulation to correct misalignment of the body.
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SIGNS - (TREATMENT & PREVENTION OF DISEASE)
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The SIGNS, which are the evidence (objective manifestations) the Physician or other healthcare professional can observe.
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NAUSEA IS AN EXAMPLE OF A
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Symtom, conditions of disease noted by the patient.
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SUBACUTE
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A disease that is neither severe nor very long lasting.
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THERAPY
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Once a patients disorder is known, the physician precribes a course of treatment, known as (Therapy).
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NATUROPATHY
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a philosophy of helping people to heal themselves by developing heathly lifesyles.
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BIOFEEDBACK
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which teaches people to control involuntary responses, such as heart rate and B/P, by means of electronic devices that monitor changes and feed information back to a person.
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MICROORGANISMS
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The word (organisms) means anything having life, (Micro) means very small. Thus a Microorganism is a tiny living thing, too small to be seen by the naked eye. Other terms are Microbe, and more popular, Germ.
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IATROGENIC DISEASE
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Results from adverse effects of treatment, including drug therapy and surgery.
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IATRO-
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Relates to physician or to medicine.
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PATHOGENIC
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Although most microorganisms are harmless to humans, and many are beneficial, a few types cause illness, that is, they are pathogenic.
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PATHOGEN
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Any disease causing organism.
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INFECTION
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If the body is invaded by pathogens with adverse effects, the condition is an infection.
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LOCAL
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If the infection is restricted to a relatively small area of the body. It is local.
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SYSTEMIC
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A generlized, or sytemic infection is one in which the whole body is affected. They are usually spead by blood.
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LESION
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is any wound or local damage to tissue.
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Surface Lesion is called
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A Rash if raised or eruption.
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Macule
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is a spot that is neither raised nor depressed.
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Papule
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is a firm, raised area, as in some stages of chickenpox and in the second stage of syphilis. A pimple is a papule. A large firm papule is called a Nodule.
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Vesicle
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is a blister or small sac that is full of fluid, such as may be found in some of the eruptions of chickenpox or shingles, another term is Bulla.
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Pustule
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is a vesicle filled with pus
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