Final Exam Earth Science

Front 1

Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun

Back 1

D.) speed increases the closer Earth is to the sun and decreases the farther it is from the sun

Front 2

If it is summer in the Northern hemisphere, which statement is true

Back 2

B.) It is winter in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis

Front 3

How does a straight alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth

Back 3

A.) it produces the greatest change in high and low tides

Front 4

Which describes the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion

Back 4

B.) Nuclear fission splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei, and nuclear fusion is the process that produces the rad

Front 5

How does heat from the sun get to Earth

Back 5

A.) by radiation, using electromagnetic waves to transfer the heat

Front 6

Why do green plants require solar energy

Back 6

A.) to produce their own food

Front 7

Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary

Back 7

D.) an ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates

Front 8

Which would produce the MOST severe earthquakes damage along the surface of Earth

Back 8

C.) an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5

Front 9

Scientists are studying in a graph showing the time differences between the seismic P-waves and the seismic S-waves they travel through Earth. Which information can they learn from the graph

Back 9

A.) the magnitude of an earthquake

Front 10

Which agent of erosion leads to the formation of sand dunes

Back 10

B.) wind

Front 11

How can water be an agent for physical weathering

Back 11

D.) by seeping into the crakes of rocks and freezing

Front 12

Which is MOST LIKELY a prevention strategy for flooding

Back 12

A.) building arterial levees

Front 13

How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact an environment

Back 13

D.) by increasing erosion

Front 14

Large quantities of sand can be added to the beach to stabilize the shoreline. Which describes a disadvantage of this process

Back 14

B.) it is a short-term solution

Front 15

Which is an advantage of safely using uranium as an energy source rather than using coal

Back 15

A.) Uranium produces energy without polluting the atmosphere, while burning coal can increase the CO2 in the atmosphere

Front 16

Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth

Back 16

D. changes in ocean current patterns

Front 17

Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions

Back 17

B.) They can warm or cool the air temperatures along coastal regions

Front 18

Which is formed when a section of impermeable rock forces groundwater to move laterally and emerge onto the surface of Earth

Back 18

A.) a spring

Front 19

How could a long-term decrease in precipitation impact an area

Back 19

C.) It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the area

Front 20

Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have on drinkable water

Back 20

C.) It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases

Front 21

A local government is considering whether to build a dam. Which is an advantage of building this structure

Back 21

D.) It can create a storage place for water

Front 22

The drilling for freshwater increases along a coastal area. What is a likely consequence of this action

Back 22

A.) and intrusion of salt water into aquifers

Front 23

In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur

Back 23

D.) troposphere

Front 24

Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth's atmosphere

Back 24

C.) nitrogen (N2)

Front 25

Which statement describes the general movement of air masses

Back 25

A.) They move form areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure

Front 26

Which MOST LIKELY occurs when a fast-moving cold air mass moves into a region of warmer, moist air

Back 26

D.) it causes heavy precipitation for a short period of time

Front 27

Which contributes to the formation of hurricanes during the late summer

Back 27

C.) the interaction between ocean water temperatures and warm air masses

Front 28

Which is a major source of air pollution created by humans

Back 28

B.) industrial factories

Front 29

Which can lead to depletion of the ozone layer of Earth

Back 29

D.) aerosols

Front 30

How climate different from weather

Back 30

D.) Climate is based on observations made for a region over several years, whereas weather is based on day-to-day observations made for a region

Front 31

A local government voted against the largest-scale development of buildings and roads in the areas. What could have been the motive behind their decision

Back 31

B.) It could lead to the formation of heat islands, which may impact microclimate in the areas

Front 32

A company has several factories around the world and has decided to transition from burning fossil fuel to using alternative energy resources. How could a decrease in burning fossil fuel impact the atmosphere

Back 32

C.) It could decrease the carbon dioxide levels of the atmosphere

Front 33

Some factories can increase the amount of thermal pollution by dumping heated water into takes and rivers. How can this type of pollution affect aquatic environments

Back 33

A.) It can reduce the number of aquatic species in the environment

Front 34

Since 1901, global surface temperatures have risen at an average rate of 0.13 F every ten years. In which way could the average increase in global temperature influence Earth

Back 34

A.) by decreasing erosion within coastal ecosystems

Front 35

Which example describes an abiotic factor that could impact the diversity of an ecosystem

Back 35

C.) An increase in the amount of acid rain can change the pH of the soil in an ecosystem

Front 36

Kudzu, a vine covering many acres of North Carolina, was introduced to the United States in 1876 to control erosion. Over the years, scientists found that Kudzu creates problems by growing rapidly and preventing other plants from getting sunlight. Which is the BEST describes Kudzu

Back 36

B.) an invasive, nonnative species

Front 37

Which could MOST LIKELY have a lasting negative impact on the biodiversity of an area

Back 37

A.) clear-cutting

Front 38

How could the exponential growth of the human population impact regions throughout the world

Back 38

A.) It could lead to decreases in the amount of pollution in the regions

Front 39

Which BEST describes the relationship between carrying capacity and Earth's resources

Back 39

D.) A population that is above the carrying capacity will experience an increase in plant production