Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What organ functions as a storage depot for bile?
a) liver b) pancreas c) gallbladder d) duodenum c) gallbladder |
c) gallbladder
|
|
|
____ can result if the flow of bile is impeded and bilirubin does not enter the intestine.
|
Jaundice
|
|
|
Which hormone is the major stimulus for increased bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas?
|
Secretin
|
|
|
Gallbladder inflammation is termed:
a) cholecystitis b) cholelithiasis c) lithocystitis d) coleyectomitis |
a) cholecystitis
|
|
|
Gallstones are otherwise termed:
a) cholecystitis b) cholelithiasis c) lithocystitis d) coleyectomitis |
b) cholelithiasis
|
|
|
A patient presenting with pain, tenderness, and rigidity of the upper right abdomen that may radiate to the midsternal area or right shoulder and is associated with nausea, vomiting, and the usual signs of an acute inflammation is most likely suffering from ____?
|
cholecystitis
|
|
|
What stone composition account for 75% of cases of gallbladder disease?
a) fat b) cholesterol c) pigment d) calcium |
b) cholesterol
|
|
|
An obese woman with diabetes mellitus who weight is frequently changing would be at risk for ___.
a) cholecystitis b) cholelithiasis c) renal failure d) ingrown toe nails |
b) cholelithiasis
|
|
|
The patient with cholelithiasis may experience distress following which of the following meals?
a) chicken noodle soup with crackers b) baked chicken with rice pilaf c) cheese burger and fries d) turkey meatloaf with green beans |
c) cheese burger and fries: ie a meal rich in fried or fatty foods
|
|
|
What would the poo look like of a person with jaundice?
a) brown b) green c) red d) tan |
d) tan: because the feces, no longer colored with bile pigments, are grayish, like putty and usually described as clay-colored
|
|
|
Why might a person with gallbladder disease have an increased bleeding potential?
|
Because of a vitamin K deficiency: obstructed flow of bile interferes with absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. Patients may exhibit deficiencies of these vitamins if biliary obstruction has been prolonged.
|
|
|
What test involve the injection of dye directly into the biliary tract and is useful in distinguishing jaundice caused by liver disease from gallbladder disease?
a) MRI b) CT Scan c) Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography d) Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) |
c) Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
|
|
|
Which two medications have been used to dissolve small, radiloucent gallstones composed primarily of cholesterol?
a) clindomycin and vancomycin b) UDCA and CDCA c) chenodiol and clindomycin d) clindomycin and duomycin |
b) UDCA and CDCA
|
|
|
Which of the following statements made by the patient shows the correct understanding of treatment with UDCA and CDCA to dissolve gallstones?
a) I will need to take this medication for 6-12 months b) I will not drink cranberry juice with this medication c) I will limit strenuous activity for 3-4 months d) I will take this medication with no more than 12-16 grams of carbohydrates. |
a) I will take this medication for 6-12 months: it takes this long to dissolve the stones!
|
|
|
Why is carbon dioxide administered during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
a) to decrease bile secretion b) to aid in visualization c) to neutralize gastric pH d) to minimize bleeding |
b) to aid in visualization the abdominal structure
|
|
|
What is an advantage of laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
a) it decreases recovery time to 3-4 weeks b) it allows you to go back to work in 1-2 days c) it does not cause a paralytic ileus d) it is covered by Medicare |
c) it does not cause a paralytic ileus
|
|
|
Which of the following statement made by a patient following a cholecystectomy or choledochostomy reflect adequate understanding?
a) I will not longer be able to eat foods with fat b) I will have to restrict high fat foods for 1-2 weeks following the surgery c) Fat restriction can be lifted in 4-6 weeks d) I will have fatty stools for life |
c) Fat restriction usually is lifted in 4-6 weeks, when the biliary ducts dilate to accommodate the volume of bile once held by the gallbladder. After this time, when the patient eats fat, adequate bile will be released into the digestive tract to emulsify the fats and allow for their digestion
|
|
|
Which of the following is a common complaint following removal or repair to your gallbladder?
a) pain in your lower back b) pain in your left shoulder c) pain in your right shoulder d) pain in your right hip |
c) pain in your right shoulder: due to gas used to inflate your abdominal area during surgery collection in the right shoulder area.
|
|
|
What might you advise a patient to do in order to ease discomfort related to collected gas in their shoulder?
|
Sit upright, walk or use a heating pad.
|
|
|
Long-term use of ____ is commonly associated with acute episodes of pancreatitis?
a) illegal drugs b) cigarettes c) chewing tobacco d) alcohol |
d) alcohol
|
|
|
Use of what 3 common medications have been associated with an increased incidence of pancreatitis?
|
diuretics, oral contraceptives and corticosteroids
|
|
|
What major symptoms of pancreatitis causes most patients to seek medical attention?
a) bleeding b) lethargy c) confusion d) abdominal pain |
d) abdominal pain
|
|
|
Acute pancreatitis is sometimes manifested by:
a) hypovolemia b) confusion c) hypertension d) polyuria c) |
a) hypovolemia: usually accompanied by hypotension and shock related to the loss of large amounts of protein-rich fluid into the tissues and peritoneal cavity
|
|
|
What happens to the serum amylase and lipase levels in acute pancreatitis?
a) they fall b) they rise c) they are unaffected |
b) they rise: typically 3 times their normal upper limit within 24 hours
|
|
|
What type of medications are Tagament and Zantac and how do they work to treat pancreatitis?
|
They are H2 antagonists and they decrease pancreatic activity by inhibiting secretion of hydrogen chloride.
|
|
|
What is the draw back of using opiods to treat pain associated with pancreatitis?
a) they cause CNS depression b) they stimulate the sphincter of Oddi c) they stop the pancreas from secreting bile d) they have no clinical evidence of relieving pancreas related discomfort |
b) they stimulate the sphincter of Oddi
|
|
|
What type of unit will the patient with acute pancreatitis be admitted to?
a) surgical b) orthopedic c) hospice d) intensive care |
d) intensive care
|
|
|
Which of the following is a symptom of chronic pancreatitis?
a) frequent hard stools b) intense headache not relieved by analgesics c) steatorrhea d) carbohydrate intolerance |
c) steatorrhea: digestion of proteins and fats is impaired so stools become frequent, frothy, and foul-smelling with a high fat content
|
|
|
What do anticholinergic medications do?
a) reduce nausea b) reduce pain c) reduce gastric secretions d) inhibit protease secretion |
c) reduce gastric secretions
|
|
|
What activity level would me recommended for the patient with pancreatitis?
a) bed rest b) BRP c) up to chair only d) ambulate in hallway |
a) bed rest: it decreases body metabolism and thus reduces pancreatic and gastric secretions
|
|
|
Impairment of endocrine function of the pancreas leads to an _____(increase or decrease) in serum glucose levels.
|
increase: since the pancreas doesn't secrete the insulin it needs to to lower serum glucose
|
|
|
True or False: For a patient with pancreatitis, the administration of fluid/electrolytes/nutrients can be done via parenteral or enteral route.
|
True! This is substituted for oral intake.
|
|
|
What type of diet would the patient with pancreatitis be on? Check all that apply:
a) low-protein b) low-carb c) high-carb d) low-fat |
a) low-protein
c) high-carb d) low-fat |
|
|
The patient with pancreatitis is counseled to avoid the excessive use of ___ and ___.
a) vegetables and milk products b) coffee and spicy foods c) spicy foods and liver d) fat-free products and yogurt |
b) coffee and spicy foods
|
|
|
What may be prescribed to prevent or treat tetany?
a) potassium b) magnesium c) calcium d) chloride |
c) calcium
|
|
|
What is the most useful study in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis?
|
ERCP
|
|
|
Cigarette smoking, exposure to industrial chemicals or toxins in the environment, and a diet high in fat, meat, or both are associated with ____ ____.
|
Pancreatic cancer :(
|
|
|
Where do most pancreatic cancers originate in?
a) body of the pancreas b) head of the pancreas c) edge of the pancreas d) cleft of the pancreas |
b) head of the pancreas
|
|
|
What location of tumors is responsible for hyperinsulinism?
a) head of pancreas b) body of pancreas c) islet cells d) myotic cells |
c) islet cells
|
|
|
What may be an early sign of carcinoma of the pancreas?
a) diabetes b) edema in the lower legs c) edema in the upper extremities d) lymph node blockage of the thoracic cavity |
a) diabetes
|
|
|
Which of the following symptoms will a nurse observe as the most common complaint of patients with pancreatitis?
a) increased and painful urination b) increased appetite and weight gain c) black, tarry stools and dark urine d) severe, radiating abdominal pain |
d) severe, radiating abdominal pain
|
|
|
Which of the following terms most precisely refers to the incision of the common bile duct for removal of stone?
a) choledochotomy b) cholecystostomy c) choledochoduodenostomy d) choledocholithotomy |
d) choledocholithotomy
|
|
|
Why should TPN be used cautiously in clients with pancreatitis?
a) such patients are at risk for hepatic encephalopathy b) such patients cannot tolerate high glucose concentration c) such patients can digest fat foods d) such patients are at risk for gallbladder contraction |
b) such patients cannot tolerate high glucose concentration
|
