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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clinical Features of Personality Disorders- Cluster A |
Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal |
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Clinical Features of Personality Disorders- Cluster B |
Histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, borderline |
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Clinical Features of Personality Disorders- Cluster C |
avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive |
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Paranoid |
high angry-hostility and low trust, straightforwardness, and modesty |
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antisocial |
high angry-hostility and excitement seeking and low straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, tender-mindedness, dutifulness, self-discipline, and deliberation |
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Cluster A: Paranoid Personality Disorder |
pervasive pattern of trust; suspicious of others; believes others motives to be malevolent |
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Cluster A: Schizoid Personality Disorder |
pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships; restricted emotions in interpersonal settings |
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Cluster A: Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior |
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Cluster A: Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
(Biological perspective)- "SPD" is a sub-threshold of schizophrenia |
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SPD Biological Perspective; Sub threshold version of schizophrenia |
One subtype of schizotypes is more likely topossess the genotype that makes them vulnerable to schizophrenia* |
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SPD Biological Perspective; Sub threshold version of schizophrenia |
Low doses of anti-psychotic medications havebeen shown to alleviate unusual thoughts and perceptions Anti-depressants for associated depression andanxiety may help |
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SPD Biological Perspective; Sub threshold version of schizophrenia |
Ventricles are larger than normal |
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SPD Biological Perspective; Sub threshold version of schizophrenia |
Deficits in ability to sustain attention andtrack a moving target visually (also seen in patients with schizophrenia) |
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Cluster B: Histrionic Personality Disorder |
Pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking |
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Neuro-cognition |
Neurocognition deficits found in people withschizophrenia Attentional and working memory deficitso Eye-tracking dysfunctions |
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Psychosocial & Cultural Factors of Schizophrenia |
Factors include: -do "bad families" cause schizophrenia? -families and relapse: "expressed emotion" -Urban living (low SES) -Immigration (why?) -Cannabis abuse |
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Schizophrenia Treatments and Outcomes |
-Prognosis before 1950s was bleak -Introduction of antipsychotic drugs in 1950s |
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Schizophrenia Treatments and Outcomes |
-15-25 year outcomes (38% “function well”; 14% ifmore stringent criteria used [e.g., remission of symptoms, good socialfunctioning]) -long-term institutionalization necessary for 12% |
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Schizophrenia Pharmacological Approaches--Neuroleptics |
-1st generation antipsychotic medications - Introduced in 1950s, revolutionized treatment - Work by blocking D2 receptors - Improve positive but not negative symptoms -Side effects include drowsiness, weight gain,dry mouth, and extrapyramidal side effects (e.g., muscle spasms, shaking) thatresemble Parkinson’s |
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Schizophrenia Pharmacological Approaches-- Second gen. antipsychotics |
- Antagonists of serotonin, nonrepinephrine,and/or dopamine -Side effects include drowsiness and significantweight gain, which can lead to other health problems (e.g., diabetes) andnoncompliance (however, fewer extrapyramidal symptoms) -Most recently, Abilify and Latuda have beenintroduced |
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Psychosocial Approaches to Schizophrenia |
-Family therapy - Case management - Social-skills training -Cognitive remediation -Cognitive-behavioral therapy |
