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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cartesian |
soul impacts brain but brain doesn't impact soul
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dualism |
soul impacts brain and brain impacts soul |
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Identity theory |
mind = brain brain = mind |
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functionalism |
inputs and outputs brain = hardware mind = software |
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epiphenomenalism |
mind is "A" casual by product of brain |
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eliminate materialism |
eliminate "folk psychology" for scientific description |
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existence of numbers, values, laws of logic |
materialism is false inmaterial values |
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hard determination |
"puppet" No free will genetic make-up 5 senses |
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hard presupposition |
no soul completely |
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soft determinism compatibilist free will |
what you do, you can't do otherwise |
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soft presuppositions |
soul with limited powers mostly |
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Libertarian free will |
free to choose |
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libertarian presupposition |
soul with power |
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utilitarianism optimific |
want to perform the action (greatest ration good VS bad) supreme rule of ethics |
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actions |
consequences or results |
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intentions |
expected outcome |
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attractions |
impartiality ( no one person preferred) settle moral conflict |
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marginal cases |
1. Immoral to kill animals 2. Almost always immoral to kill people 3. Almost always immoral to kill animals |
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Kant's Good Will
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Knowing what your duty is For goodness sake |
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eudaimonia |
perfect happiness/peace |
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Golden Mean |
virtue of courage vice VS virtue Phronesis between 2 extremes |
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Contractarianism |
group would agree too objectively right and objectively wrong |
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Divine Nature |
the very nature of God is good |
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monism |
one supreme rule serves as basis of morallity |
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pluralism |
more than one fundamental rule |
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disaster prevention |
1. rules never permitted to be broke 2. prevent catastrophe 3. No absolute rules #2 justifies why permissible |
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doctrine of double effect DDE |
action can cause harm but might be right action |
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Argument Of Contradictions |
conflict contradictions absolute rule false |
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Argument of Irrationality |
1. Rule is irrational 2. frustrated underlying purpose 3. absolute rule irrational |
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Doctrine of Doing and Allowing DDA |
Worse to do harm than allow harm to occur |
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Skepticism |
can't have knowledge of what rules are Justify moral rule cite another rule generates infinite regress |
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Coherentist |
receive support to our beliefs |
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Wolff Power Authority |
political authority - mere power power - coerce behavior |
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Wolff Government has no authority |
autonomy incompatible with accepting authority |
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Hobbes Human Nature |
people are egoist and act in own self interests |
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Hobbes State - of - Nature |
Dark, No Law, Nasty, Brutish and Short |
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Hobbes Social Contracts |
respect human life obeying laws |
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Locke's Human Nature |
people are morally neutral |
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Locke's State - of - Nature |
Basic liberties (Life, Liberty, Property) |
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Locke's Legitimate Government |
will do majority and natural rights will lose legitimacy if it ceases to represent |
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Determine the Right thing to do on Consequentialism |
1. Identify what is intrinsically good 2. Identify what is intrinsically bad 3.Determine options 4.Each option determines value of results 5.Preform action with highest ratio good Vs. bad results |
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Ross' Prima Facie Duties |
1.Reparations- repairing harm we've done 2.Gratitude-acknowledging benefits others given us. 3.Justice- virtue is rewarde vice punished 4.Beneficence-enhancing the intelligence, virtue, pleasure of others 5.Self-Improvement-making oneself more intelligent or virtuous 6.Fidelity- keeping our promises and our word 7.Non-Maleficence-preventing harm to others |
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J.P. Moreland |
1. Brain/mind have different characteristics 2. Brain can be known by an external observer 3. Mind can't be known by external observer 4. Brain is not the same as mind. 5. Mind can be about something, and brain can't be something. |
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Leibniz' Law |
(x)(Y)[(x=y)---> P (Px or Py)] For any entities X and Y X is identical to Y if for proposition P If P isn't true of Y but P isn't true of Y and if P is true of Y then P is true of X |
