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69 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

How many different kinds of cells are there in the human body?

200

Whose text was first used in the study of Anatomy?

Claudius Galen

What percent of the body is water?

About 60%

Which is NOT one of the six most common elements in the body?


(Calcium, hydrogen, nitrogen, potassium)

Potassium

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?


(Movement, Responsiveness, Diffusion, Adaptation)

Diffusion

pH is a measure of?

Hydrogen ion concentration

Who was the founder of modern physiology?

William Harvey

What is the body's storage form of glucose?

glycogen

Proteins are composed of?

Amino Acids

The primary component of the cell membrane is?

Phospholipids

Andreas Vesalius introduced what to the study of the body?

Illustrations

Information that can be verified by a trained person is?

A Fact

What is the interactive coordination of the biomolecules?

Life

A molecule that repels water is said to be:

Hydrophobic

The function of a second messenger is to:

internalize a message received at the cell surface.

Proteins in the plasma membrane act as:

Receptors, enzymes, and second messengers.

A charged particle with an unequal number of protons and electrons is an:

Ion

The transfer of hereditary information is through:

Nucleic acids

Organize the following from simple to most complex: Cell, Molecule, Organism, Tissue.

Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organism.

What is anatomy?

The study of the layout of organized bodies.

What is physiology?

The study of the function of living things.

What are the two central themes of A&P?

Structure determines function; Homeostasis

Describe an example of a negative feedback loop in the body indicating the parts of the loop.

Low blood pressure results in an increased heart rate.

Which organelle is involved in digestion of cellular debris?

Lysosome

Placing a cell in an isotonic solution will result in:

No change in cell size

Which of the following organelles possess DNA?


(Golgi apparatus, ER, mitochondria, lysosomes)

Mitochondria

A protein that moves two particles across the plasma membrane in the same direction is a:

symporter

What tissue is located on any free surface of the body?

Epithelial

A child is born with a genetic defect that prevents them from breaking down long fatty acid chains. Which organelle would this defect likely be located at?

Peroxisome

Vesicular transport of a liquid into a cell is called:

Pinocytosis

Which of the following statements describes a simple squamous epithelial cell?


1. A cell that allows rapid oxygen diffusion in the lungs.


2. A cell that secretes a large volume of bile in the gallbladder.


3. A cell that absorbs many nutrients in the small intestine.

All of the above

What is the normal osmolarity of the tissues of the body?

0.285 Osm/L

The pressure of water against a surface is called:

Hydrostatic Pressure

What allows two cells to share cytoplasm?

Gap Junctions

What is the most common type of active transport in the body?

Sodium-Potassium ATPase

What is the name of a channel specific for water transport?

Aquaporin

Lysis of which organelle would cause autodigestion?

Lysosome

Where is the site of energy production?

Mitochondria

What are hair-like projections that move a cell?

Cilia

Phospholipids are made in the:

Smooth ER

Vesicular transport of a solid into a cell is called:

PHagocytosis

Define Exocytosis.

Transport of particles out of the cell. Adds to the cell membrane.

Define Histology.

Study or science of tissues.

Describe two factors that can affect the rate of diffusion and how they affect the rate of diffusion.

Surface area: Larger surface area leaves more room for diffusion.


Temperature: warmer temperature results in faster moving particles and more diffusion.

What are two functions of epithelial tissue?

Absorption and Secretion

List the four tissue types.

Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous.

Lysosomes would be located in the:

Soma

The transport of a vesicle to the soma from the synaptic knobs would use:

Dynein

Glial Cells that secrete CSF are:

Ependymal Cells

Branch-like processes of the neuron that receive action potentials are:

Dendrites

Increasing activity of which cell would decrease bone deposition (make less bone)?

Osteoclast

The primary inorganic component of the bone matrix is:

Hydroxyapatite

Which cell is NOT derived from an osteogenic cell?

Osteoclast

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? (Protection, Movement, Vitamin D synthesis, Blood Formation, Support)

Vitamin D synthesis

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

Osteon

Where are blood cells produced?

Red bone marrow

Long bone growth requires what at the epiphyseal plate?

Chondrocyte hypertrophy

Glial cells that surround the axons of neurons in the CNS are:

Oligodendrocytes

Anterograde axonal transport utilizes the protein:

kinesin

A neuron that has one axon and many dendrites is what kind of neuron?

multipolar

The site of long bone growth is the:

Epiphyseal Plate

Neurons receive incoming signals by way of specialized extensions of the cell called:

Dendrites

Rings of matrix surrounding the Haversian canal are:

Lamellae

Collagenous fibers that connect bones to ligaments, tendons, and muscles are:

Sharpey fibers

Which system involved in internal communication sends messages at a slow rate (minutes to hours)?

Endocrine System

Which type of glia is involved in removing cellular debris?

Microglia

Define glia

glue

Define afferent

to carry toward

What are the two divisions of the nervous system?

The Central Nervous system and Peripheral Nervous System.