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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mendels' law of segregation |
1.) Particulate inheritance: non-split, non-blending, determining genes 2.) Diploid: 2 copies of the gene for each trait in each plant 3.) Alleles: copies may code for different phenotypes 4.) Dominance: one allele can mask another in heterozygotes 5.) Segregation: 2 copies separate during gamete production, offspring get only one from each parent |
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Mendel's law of independent assortment |
Two different gene will randomly assort their alleles during the formation of haploid cells |
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Hardy-Weinburg Assumptions |
Negligible mutation Large population Negligible or balanced migration Negligible selection Random Mating |
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Tenets of Selection |
1.) Mutations occur naturally 2.) Some mutations improve likelihood of survival and reproduction 3.) Such mutations will be more common in next generation 4.) F (allele) accumulate to improve adaptation to that environment |
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n +1 n-1 n+2 |
disomic nullsomic trisomic
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Euploid Monosomic Trisomic |
true chromosomes missing chromosomes extra chromosomes |
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Autopolyploids |
all chromosomes derived from same species |
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Allodiploids |
all chromosomes derived from different species |
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hybridization |
2 different species cross fertilize |
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Mosaicism |
organism contains a subset of cells the are genetically different from those of the rest of the organism. |
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Balanced Translocation |
when total amount of genetic material is not altered
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Unbalanced Translocation |
significant portions of genetic material are duplicated and or deleted |
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Paracentric Pericentric |
outside centromere includes centromere |
