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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common element in earths crust |
oxygen |
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weathering |
physical- freezing and thawing chemical-oxidation, acid rain |
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properties of minerals |
color, hardness, streak, density, cleavage, magnetic fracture, hardness |
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asthenosphere |
plastic mantle |
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rocks |
substance composed of one or more minerals |
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igneous rocks |
fire rocks- formed from hot, molten rock within the Earth's crust coming up to or near Earth's surface. |
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Sedimentary rocks |
layered rocks- formed from the hardening of sediments of sediments of broken rocks or dissolved materials usually under water. |
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metamorphic rocks |
changed rocks- formed from igneous, sedimentary or other metamorphic rocks that have been changed by heat and pressure |
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humanity |
subjective |
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science |
objective |
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pythagreous |
earth is round |
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copernicus |
heliocentric theory- around the sun |
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Ptolemy |
geocentric theory- earth centric |
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Aristotle |
air, fire, earth, wind |
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Eratosthenes |
circumference of the Earth |
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rotation |
turning of the earth on its axis |
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revolution |
the movement of the earth around the sun |
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Keppler |
all planets go around the sun |
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Newton |
laws of gravity |
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Galelio |
earth moves |
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seismology |
study of earthquakes |
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seismograph |
measures earthquakes |
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epicenter |
point above focus on surface |
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focus |
where the earthquake begins |
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s-wave |
secondary wave- side to side; can't move through liquids |
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p-waves |
primary waves- fastest moves back and forth; can move through liquids |
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l-wave |
long wave |
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longitude |
lines going from pole to pole east to west of prime meridian |
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latitude |
north and south of equator |
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black hole |
area in space that has such a huge amount of gravity even life can't escape it |
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comet |
object in the solar system that is a mass of ice and dust |
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Edwin Hubble |
discovered nearby galaxies |
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lunar eclipse |
happens when the sun, earth and moon are all lined up on the same plane of the elliptical full moon phase |
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solar eclipse |
happens when sun moon earth are on same plane of elliptic during a new moon phase |
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tides |
caused by gravitational pull of moon and sun |
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Brahe |
measured position of sun moon planets 25 years |
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paleozoic |
fish dominant form of life |
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mesozoic |
age of dinosaurs |
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Cenozoic |
age of mammals |
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precambrian |
accounts for most of the planets history |
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law of superposition |
a fossil on top is younger than the fossil underneath |
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theory of uniformitarianism |
the forces that act of the earth today acted the same way in the past |
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radioactive dating |
dating with radioactive material; half life is much longer. |
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carbon 14 dating |
can date anything that has C14 that dates back up to 60,000 years |
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relative age |
age in relation to the age of other things |
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sling psychrometer |
measures relative humidity |
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barometer |
measures air pressure |
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rain gage |
measures rain |
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anemometer |
measures windspeed |
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wind vane |
measures wind direction |
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thermometer |
measures air temp |
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troposphere |
part of atmosphere that touches earth |
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fahrenheit |
freezing 32; boiling 212 |
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Celsius |
freezing 0; boiling 100 |
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kelvin |
absolute temp- coldest it can be on universe absolute 0 |
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temperature |
avg speed molecular motion |
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wind |
horizontal movement of air from high pressure to low pressure |
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Torricelli |
mercury barometer- measures air pressure |
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high pressure |
clear skies |
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low pressure |
chance of precipitation |
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continental air mass |
C- land |
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maritime air mass |
M- wet |
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polar air mass |
P- cold |
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Tropic air mass |
T- hot |
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land breeze |
nighttime air blows from land to water |
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sea breeze |
day time air blows from water to land |
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erosion |
caused by forced movement, water, glaciers etc |
