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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Malapportionment |
- Voting power of citizens in one district is greater than the voting power of citizens in another district. - Unfair proportional distribution of representatives |
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Gerrymandering |
- When a district's boundaries are drawn to maximize the influence of a certain group or political power - "Salamander drawing of district" |
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Filibuster |
- Unlimited debate in Senate, used to prevent action on a bill |
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Cloture |
- Procedures ending filibustering, brings the matter under consideration to a vote - Requires simple majority vote or the vote of 51 senators unless it is a filibuster regarding a U.S. Supreme Court nominee, which will require 60 votes. + Once 51 votes, filibuster much conclude within 30 hours but a senator may yield his/her hours (pass it on) |
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Senate Rider |
- Only U.S. Senate - Unrelated amendments - Often too controversial to pass, attached to popular bills - Sometimes called christmas trees |
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Poison bill |
- Also called wrecking - Riders who oppose will attach something to kill or poison bill. |
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Logrolling |
- "You'll scratch my back, I'll scratch yours." - An exchange of favors |
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Legislative Process |
1.) Policy Agenda: List of issues that need to be legislatively addressed. 2.) House: the Speaker assigns bill to the committee Senate: presiding officer does so. Subcommittee must meet at markup session, to approve bill as it is, add amendments, or draft new bill 3.) Report back on a bill to full chamber (favorably, bill with amendments, or newly written bill) Along with bill, committee will send written report of changes, opinions, etc. to Senate or House. 4.) Scheduling of bill on calendar. Usually House of Rules Committee (traffic cop, sets rules for how much time issues are addressed, very powerful) has influence over this. Senate: few leading members control flow of bills. They bring bill to floor by "unanimous consent" House: power to distrupt work on legislation, refusing to agree to unanimous consent . 5.) Floor debate House: too large, imposes limitations on debate. The Speaker sees who may speak and enforces any who does not stick to subject to give up floor. Usually chairperson of standing committee reporting bill will take charge of session. 6.) House and Senate vote. 7.) Conference Committee: bill must be identical in both House and Senate. If bill is different, it is sent to a conference committee (temp. committee w/ members of both chambers). They will only considers points on bill which two chambers disagree. Once they agree on final compromise, a conference report is submitted to each chamber. If approved by both chambers, it is sent to president. 8.) Presidential action: has 10 days to decide whether to sign the bill or veto. Pocket veto ( congress is not in session on 10th day and bill has been sitting on president's desk, does not get passed. 9.) If presidents decides to veto, Congress can still pass the bill if 2/3 majority vote in both chambers. |
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Pidgeon Holing (Standing Committees) |
- Ignore or kill, push aside a bill |
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Markup (session) (Standing Committees) |
- editing or amending bill |
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Reporting out (Standing Committees) |
- Accepting of bill |
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House of Reps leadership |
- Speaker of the House: presiding officer. Member of majority party and is most powerful member of House. - Majority leader: elected by majority-party caucus to act as spokesperson for the party and keep party together. - Minority leader: not as powerful as majority leader, has similar responsibilities. Maintains solidarity within minority party. - Whips: assistants, assists the majority and minority leader in the House or in the Senate in managing party's legislative program. |
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Senate leadership |
- President Pro Tempore: elected to serve in absence of vice president. President 'pro tem' is elected by whole Senate and is member of majority party. - Party leaders: real power held by majority leader(most powerful individual & spokesperson of maj. party), minority leader(commands min party's opposition to policies of maj. party, directs leg. strategy of min. party) and whips. |
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Congressional voting patterns |
- Trustee View of Representation: Uses own conscience for national needs. - Instructed-Delegate View of Rep: Vote according to own state's voter wishes. - Partisan View of Rep: Vote according to own parties wishes |
