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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the diopter?
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A diopter is a tool on the bolex, around the eye piece, used to focus an individual's eyesight for shooting prior to adjusting the focus of individual lenses.
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What do you focus on when adjusting the diopter?
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You are focusing on a tiny piece of ground glass.
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How do you clean the gate? What should you never use for this?
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A toothpick. Nothing metal.
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What are the loops in the film path for?
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The film follows along this path, and it allows entrance to the film gate, without the film going everywhere in the camera.
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What does the shutter look like? (Red circle)
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What is shutter angle?
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Shutter angle is the angle the shutter is open to as it rotates
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How many times does the opening in the shutter pass in front of each frame of film?
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It passes in between each frame.
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What is intermittent movement? Why is it important in the process of shooting film?
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The process in which the film of a camera moves through the camera, held in place for a brief duration of time. It is significant since our brains cannot perceive the black spaces between each frame and the film appears to move smoothly rather than showing blurred motion. |
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How do you fade-in/fade-out?
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You move the shutter handle up or down
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Why is it a good idea to wind the camera after every shot?
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So that the camera wind does not reach its end in the middle of your shot, and so you get the longest shot possible if needed.
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What are the holes in the edge of the film called? Why are they there?
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Sprocket holes. So that the claw can reach up and grab the next frames to pull down from the film gate, progressing the film.
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What is reversal film?
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Reversal film is a type of film that produces a positive image on a transparent base. The film is processed to produce transparencies or diapositives rather than negatives and prints. |
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What is the difference between I and T on the single-frame dial?
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Both in regard to single frame shooting, the I, instantaneous, gives a consistent exposure to all single frame exposures and the T, time exposure, holds open the shutter for as long as the single frame button is pushed.
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What is the exposure for 24fps? For single frame?
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1/80 (122 shutter angle). 1/40 for single.
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What are the variable that determine exposure time?
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How fast the shutter moves
How long the aperture stays open |
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What are f-stops? What do they measure?
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The aperture is measured by F-stops, which measures how much light hits the film. The lower the F-stop, the more light hits it. |
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What is the f-stop scale?
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f-1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, f-32
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What are the two ways to focus?
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Use eyes or measure from film plane to subject and set lense to that number
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What is a prime lens? Are we using prime lenses?
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A prime lens has a fixed focal length as opposed to a zoom lens. Yes.
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What is depth of field? Name 3 ways to control depth of field?
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Focal length (W.A.: Deep| T: shallow), focus, and aperature/f-stop (Low f-stop: shallow | High: deep).
Depth of field is the part of the image in focus. |
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What is a normal lens? How is the image different with a wide angle lens? Telephoto lens? (4 things for each)
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Wide Angle: 16 or 10mm focal length, Deeper depth of field, wider shot, pushes things away, exaggerates depth Telephoto: 75 or 50mm fl, shallower depth of field, magnifies subject, squishes space |
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What is the 'speed' of a lens? How can you tell how fast a lens is?
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Its maximum aperture (or lowest f stop). You can look at the range of f stops on the outside.
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What is the light meter reading? What is the standard of measurement for this?
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How much light is on the subject in photons = incident light reading and how much light is bouncing off of a subject. It will tell you how long you need for shutter speed.
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What number, ultimately, does the light meter give you?
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The f- stop number
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What does it mean if that number is too low? How could you deal with this?
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Then, you won't see any detail in the image or anything at all. You could add more light to the subject, open the shutter all the way, or filming in less frames per second (18, 16, 12).
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What do you do if the light meter needle maxes out all the way to the right?
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You can close the shutter half way or reduce the light on your subject or use higher frame rate
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What is "proper" exposure? What does this mean in terms of your image?
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The best exposure
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What is latitude
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The latitude of film is how great the scale is for seeing detail on the image, the more contrasting the film is the less latitude it has.
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What does an incident light reading measure (as opposed to reflective reading)?
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How much light is on the subject not how much light is bouncing off of a subject.
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What does the inverse square law describe?
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The light intensity is proportional to the inverse square of the distance from the light source. |
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Which is direct (also called specular) light? how does it differ from diffuse lighting?
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Directed light = hard shadows
Diffused = wraps around subject |
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What are the three light in 3 point lighting and what do they do?
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Key light = main light, in front of subject on one side of camera
Fill light = fill shadows created by key, opposite side of key light Back light = separates subject from background, behind the subject on key or fill side |
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How can you soften shadows on your subject?
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use diffuser like umbrella
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How do you determine how many amps a light needs?
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Volts x Amps = Watts
Look for watts on light / |
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How many amps are in a typical home circuit?
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15 amps
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What does the scrim on the front of the lights do?
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to protect you from bulb shattering
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What does the EI (Exposure index) of a film stock measure?
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The recommended exposure for that film.
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What is an ND filter? What does a ND.3 do specifically?
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Reduces light (neutral density filter).
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How can you reduce exposure by 1/2? How can you double it? (4 ways at least)
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Close shutter half way.
Use lower f stop, open shutter all the way, fast motion, double exposure |
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What f.p.s. gives you "normal" motion in the frame? Why?
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24fps. Looks best.
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What f.p.s. gives you fast motion? Slow motion?
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Higher is slow motion
Lower is fast motion |
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What is signal to noise ratio (S/N)?
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Compares the level of a desired signal to the background noise
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What are you doing when you are adjusting your levels?
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Name 3 pick-up patterns.
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omni, cardioid, stereo
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What are the two types of mics you have access to (described in the slides)? What are the differences between them?
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shot gun: narrow in front and little on sides and back
H4N Zoom: ping pong racket with right on left and left on right then larger upside down heart that covers is right on right and left on left |
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Why would you want to hold the mic close to your subject?
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