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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pigs Scientific Name:
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Sus scrofa (either italisized or underlined)
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Pigs and Humans Kingdom:
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Animalia
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Pigs and Humans Phylum
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Chordata
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Pigs and Humans Class
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Mammalia
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Pigs order:
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Artiodactyla
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Humans order:
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primates
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Characteristics of mammals
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-have fur
-bear live young -nourish young with milk from mammary glands |
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largest group of mammals
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placental mammals
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definition placental mammal
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they develop completely inside their mother's uterus before birth
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gestation period
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time of development of a fetus in the uterus
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pig gestation period:
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115 days
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placenta
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capilairy rich organ that attaches to the wall of the uterus and surrounds they embryo
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placental function
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carry nutrients and oxygen from the mother's blood, waste exchange, carbon dioxide removal
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quadraped
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four legged
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biped
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two legged
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digitigrade locomotion
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walking on all four toes
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plantigrade locomotion
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walking on feet soles
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lateral orientation
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toward the side
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umbilical cord
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carries food and oxygen from mother to fetus and carries wastes from fetus to mom
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snout
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push, lift weights, and dig (noses of pig)
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external nares
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inhale, warm, and filter air (like the nostrils)
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pinnae
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external ears, aid in hearing
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rooter
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the rigid edge of a pigs snout that helps it dig
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nicitating membrane
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3rd eyelid for protection
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anus
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terminal opening of the digestive tract
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periderm (epitrichium)
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thin covering of wax over the entire body of fetus cuz the fetus is submurged in water and it protects the skin
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fetus
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later stage of development that CONTAINS BONES
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embryo
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earliest stage of development, has no bones
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digits
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toes
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digitigrade
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walks on toes, not soles of feet
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skeletal system support:
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provides supportive framework for body tissues and organs, give body shape
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skeletal system protection:
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provides protection for internal organs
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blood cell production:
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produces different blood cells in the bone marrow (SKELETAL)
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skeletal system movement:
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provides a strong/lite framework and anchorage for muscles, joints allow flexibility
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skeletal system minerals:
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stores minerals esp. calcium
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how many bones does the human have
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206
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what is the one bone that human has but not the pig
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clavicle
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are bones alive
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yes, they are made up of cells
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2 main skeletal parts
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axial, appendicular
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how many vertebray can a human/pig have
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human:34
pig:56 |
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skull:
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human and pig have skulls made of up of cranium
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ribs
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12 pairs of ribs in human
14-15 in pig |
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sternum
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place in center of chest where ribs attach
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pectoral girdle
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in man there are 2 parts of scapulas and clavicles, but pigs have no clavicles
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forelimbs
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(ARMS), hands and arms in human, hands have 5 digits, only difference is pig has 4 digits
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pelvic girdle
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have 3 separate bones fused during fetal development
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hindlimbs
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legs/feet in humans, pigs have only 4 digits
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caudal
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means the posterior or inferior part of the body
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muscular posture maintenance:
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certain skeletal muscles are kept in partially contracted state to hold up body
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muscular joint stability:
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some skeletal muscles help stabalize highly movable joints such as shoulders
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muscular heat generation:
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muscles generate heat as byproduct of use
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voluntary muscles
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controlled by free will
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involuntary muscles
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smooth muscles that can not be controled at will
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flexion
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to bend at a joint decreasing the angle at that joint
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extension
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to streighten joint increasing the angle at that joint
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adduction
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to move appendage away from sagittal midline ex:raising arms from rest at sides to shoulder level
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abduction
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to move appendage toward sagittal midline ex:lowering arms from shoulder level to rest at sides
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antagonists:
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muscle responsible for returning a muscle to its origional position
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peritoneum
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lines the abdominal cavity, supports organs
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diaphram
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formes an airtight cavity between chest and abdomen, causes air to flow in and out of lungs
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hard palate
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rolls food into a ball in order to swallow
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soft palate
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helps swallow
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salivairy glands
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secretes enzymes to aid in digestion
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esophagus
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tube that pushes food to stomach from the mouth
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gall bladder
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stores bile secreted by the liver and releases it to the duodenum
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cystic duct
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bile is transferred from gall bladder to duodenum
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hepatic duct
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take bile from liver to gall bladder
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cecum
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vestigial, end of small intestine (like appendix in human)
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rectum
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last portion of the large intestinge, passage for feces out of the body
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sphincters
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close of enterence and exits in the digestive system, there are 3: cardiac, pyloric, and anal
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appendix
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vestigial structure in humans like the cecum, same location as cecum
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bile duct
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small tube that connects the liver and gall bladder to the intestine that carries bile
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trace food bite
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mouth, esophagus, cardiac sphincter, stomach, pyloric sphincter, small intestine, large intestine, colon, rectum, anus, anal sphincter
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mesentery
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double layer of peritoneum membrane that connects intestines, blood suppy to intestine, shiny and keps intestines oildd
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renal arteries/veins
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takes/carries to/away blood from/to kidneys
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nephron
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a tubelike strucutre in the kidneys that filters wastes from the body and retains useful molecules
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what is an epiglottis function
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to prevent food from giong into the lungs when swallowing
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trace air through body
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external nares/mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, broncioles, alveoli
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lobes of the right lung:
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4
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lobes of the left lung
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3
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right lung lobes of human:
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3
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left lung lobes of human:
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2
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why does the left lung have less than the right lung
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the heart occupies place where left lung would be
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